Showing papers on "GSM published in 2020"
TL;DR: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the SS7 attacks with detailed methods to execute attacks, methods to enter theSS7 core network, and recommends safeguards against the SS 7 attacks and provides a machine learning based framework to detect anomalies in the SS6 network which is compared with rule based filtering.
Abstract: The Signalling System No. 7 (SS7) is used in GSM/UMTS telecommunication technologies for signalling and management of communication. It was designed on the concept of private boundary walled technology having mutual trust between few national/multinational operators with no inherent security controls in 1970s. Deregulation, expansion, and merger of telecommunication technology with data networks have vanquished the concept of boundary walls hence increasing the number of service providers, entry points, and interfaces to the SS7 network, which made it vulnerable to serious attacks. The SS7 exploits can be used by attackers to intercept messages, track a subscriber’s location, tape/redirect calls, adversely affect disaster relief operations, drain funds of individuals from banks in combination with other methods and send billions of spam messages. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the SS7 attacks with detailed methods to execute attacks, methods to enter the SS7 core network, and recommends safeguards against the SS7 attacks. It also provides a machine learning based framework to detect anomalies in the SS7 network which is compared with rule based filtering. It further presents a conceptual model for the defense of network.
132 citations
09 Jul 2020
TL;DR: This paper proposes a novel graph representation that takes both the feature of individual object and the relations among objects into consideration and, with the help of the graph representation and the graph matching module, the proposed graph similarity model is more robust to the occlusion and the targets sharing similar appearance.
Abstract: The popular tracking-by-detection paradigm for multi-object tracking (MOT) focuses on solving data association problem, of which a robust similarity model lies in the heart. Most previous works make effort to improve feature representation for individual object while leaving the relations among objects less explored, which may be problematic in some complex scenarios. In this paper, we focus on leveraging the relations among objects to improve robustness of the similarity model. To this end, we propose a novel graph representation that takes both the feature of individual object and the relations among objects into consideration. Besides, a graph matching module is specially designed for the proposed graph representation to alleviate the impact of unreliable relations. With the help of the graph representation and the graph matching module, the proposed graph similarity model, named GSM, is more robust to the occlusion and the targets sharing similar appearance. We conduct extensive experiments on challenging MOT benchmarks and the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
81 citations
06 Oct 2020
TL;DR: In this article, the model of the system of information protection of data base of the mobile terminals accounting information system in Ukraine (ISRMTU) is considered, where the customer performs the functions of automation of production processes related to the IMEI database maintenance.
Abstract: This paper considers the model of the system of information protection of data base of the mobile terminals accounting information System in Ukraine (ISRMTU). The system of the customer performs the functions of automation of production processes related to the IMEI database maintenance (the IMEI code in this document is used to denote the identification codes of the mobile terminals of the GSM Standards Group, CDMA), registration of applications for the import of radio electronics and emitting devices (REFS) on the territory of Ukraine and issuing permits for the import of REFS.
31 citations
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TL;DR: The proposed GSM-based scheme, referred to as spatial modulation based communication-radar (SpaCoR) system, allocates antenna elements among the subsystems based on the transmitted message, thus achieving increased communication rates by embedding additional data bits in the antenna selection.
Abstract: Dual-function radar-communications (DFRC) systems implement radar and communication functionalities on a single platform. Jointly designing these subsystems can lead to substantial gains in performance as well as size, cost, and power consumption. In this paper, we propose a DFRC system, which utilizes generalized spatial modulation (GSM) to realize coexisting radar and communications waveforms. Our proposed GSM-based scheme, referred to as spatial modulation based communication-radar (SpaCoR) system, allocates antenna elements among the subsystems based on the transmitted message, thus achieving increased communication rates by embedding additional data bits in the antenna selection. We formulate the resulting signal models, and present a dedicated radar processing scheme. To evaluate the radar performance, we characterize the statistical properties of the transmit beam pattern. Then, we present a hardware prototype of the proposed DFRC system, demonstrating the feasibility of the scheme. Our results show that the proposed GSM system achieves improved communication performance compared to techniques utilizing fixed allocations operating at the same data rate. For the radar subsystem, our experiments show that the spatial agility induced by the GSM transmission improves the angular resolution and reduces the sidelobe level in the transmit beam pattern compared to using fixed antenna allocations.
30 citations
31 Jul 2020
TL;DR: Vibration sensor will detect the signal or if a car rolls over, and Micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) sensor will detects the signal and sends it to ARM controller which sends the alert message through the GSM MODEM including the location to police control room or a rescue team.
Abstract: The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. An accelerometer can be used in a car alarm application so that dangerous driving can be detected. It can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With signals from an accelerometer, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately Vibration sensor will detect the signal or if a car rolls over, and Micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) sensor will detects the signal and sends it to ARM controller. Microcontroller sends the alert message through the GSM MODEM including the location to police control room or a rescue team. So the police can immediately trace the location through the GPS MODEM, after receiving the information. Then after conforming the location necessary action will be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone`s life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team. This paper is useful in detecting the accident precisely by means of both vibration sensor and Micro electro Mechanical system (MEMS) or accelerometer. As there is a scope for improvement and as a future implementation we can add a wireless webcam for capturing the images which will help in providing driver`s assistance.
24 citations
TL;DR: The simulated and measured results are found in good agreement which demonstrates the applicability of proposed antenna for GSM 1800/WLAN/WiMAX applications in laptop devices.
Abstract: A novel multifrequency printed monopole antenna applied to GSM, WLAN, and WiMAX standards in laptop devices is developed. The novelty of the proposed monopole antenna is the simple design without using any reactive components, expensive substrate, or any additional hardware to operate in multi-band frequencies for laptop applications. It is noteworthy that the dimensions of the proposed antenna structure is only 0.105λ × 0.05λ, at lower resonating frequency 1.8 GHz, thus attaining a height of only 9 mm above the system ground. This antenna mainly incorporates an ‘F’shaped strip and a ‘C’-shaped strip together printed on an FR-4 substrate. The coaxial feeding results in the generation of three bands with measured impedance bandwidth spanned in the range of (1.74– 1.87 GHz) in lower band (fl), (2.40–2.50 GHz) in a medium band (fm), and (5.12–6.06 GHz) in upper band (fu). Furthermore, the aforementioned antenna exhibits excellent radiation performances including gain around 4–5 dBi followed by efficiency greater than 80% in all the operating bands. The simulated and measured results are found in good agreement which demonstrates the applicability of proposed antenna for GSM 1800/WLAN/WiMAX applications in laptop devices.
24 citations
TL;DR: A block DNN (B-DNN) based architecture, where the active antennas and their transmitted constellation symbols are detected by smaller sub- DNNs, which achieves a BER performance that is superior to traditional block zero-forcing and block minimum mean-squared error detection schemes and similar to that of classical maximum likelihood detector.
Abstract: Generalized Spatial Modulation (GSM) is being considered for high capacity and energy-efficient networks of the future. However, signal detection due to inter channel interference among the active antennas is a challenge in GSM systems and is the focus of this letter. Specifically, we explore the feasibility of using deep neural networks (DNN) for signal detection in GSM. In particular, we propose a block DNN (B-DNN) based architecture, where the active antennas and their transmitted constellation symbols are detected by smaller sub-DNNs. After $N$ -ordinary DNN detection, the Euclidean distance-based soft constellation algorithm is implemented. The proposed B-DNN detector achieves a BER performance that is superior to traditional block zero-forcing (B-ZF) and block minimum mean-squared error (B-MMSE) detection schemes and similar to that of classical maximum likelihood (ML) detector. Further, the proposed method requires less computation time and is more accurate than alternative conventional numerical methods.
21 citations
11 Mar 2020
TL;DR: A proposed method that uses multiple solutions to address the issues of spillage and inefficient collection scheme is presented and works successfully, making it possible to monitor waste bin status in real-time but occasionally had high latency.
Abstract: Waste management in Ghana has in recent times been a subject of discourse that pervades most of its industrial cities. The provision of waste bins at vantage points by waste management institutions is not enough to solve the problem of the current management system. In this paper, a proposed method that uses multiple solutions to address the issues of spillage and inefficient collection scheme is presented. The system provides a monitoring platform for the waste management institution to handle the alert records by creating orders for the garbage collectors/drivers which can be accessed via a mobile application system. The proposed system includes a smart waste bin which has a microcontroller-based system constructed and affixed to the top of the bins to detect bin level status and communicate to drivers and management office via SMS and application system. A work order is created once a utilizes is full which can be received by the drivers and routing system regarding the state of bins distributed within a specific geographic area that can be assessed on the drivers’ phone. The system implantation works successfully, making it possible to monitor waste bin status in real-time but occasionally had high latency which was primarily due to the use of GSM module for GSM/GPRS connectivity.
21 citations
07 Jun 2020
TL;DR: The obtained results reveal the GSM to be a promising candidate for ultra-high wireless data rate communication in sub-THz bands when low order modulation schemes like QPSK is used.
Abstract: Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems and sub-TeraHertz (sub-THz) bands are being considered for the development of ultra-high data rate applications in beyond 5G. However, sub-THz band suffers from many technological limitations and severe RF-impairments such as low output power, limited resolution of high-speed ADCs, and important Phase Noise (PN) introduced by the Local Oscillator (LO). In this paper, MIMO Spatial Multiplexing (SMX) and Generalized Spatial Modulation (GSM) are compared from different perspectives while considering the sub-THz impairments. The effect of PN has been investigated for both systems in sub-THz channels using uniform linear and rectangular antenna arrays. The comparison is also performed in terms of Peak-to-Average-Power-Ratio (PAPR), power consumption, detection complexity and transmitter/receiver cost. In addition, the link budget and the system power consumption is estimated for both systems. The obtained results reveal that, when low order modulation schemes like QPSK is used, GSM outperforms SMX by a gain ranging from 4 up to 6.2 dB with a throughput rate reaching 0.5 Tbps that leads to 3.25 dB power gain with medium PN and non-coherent detection. Thus enforcing the GSM to be a promising candidate for ultra-high wireless data rate communication in sub-THz bands.
19 citations
TL;DR: Simulation results indicate that in the presence of real-life impairments, machine learning based approaches provide a superior performance when compared to the classical Euclidean distance based approach.
Abstract: A dynamic and flexible generalized spatial modulation (GSM) framework is proposed for large-scale MIMO systems. Our framework is leveraged on the utilization of machine learning methods for GSM in order to improve the error performance in the presence of time-correlated channels and channel estimation errors. The decision tree and multi-layer perceptron algorithms are adopted as transmit antenna selection approaches. Simulation results indicate that in the presence of real-life impairments, machine learning based approaches provide a superior performance when compared to the classical Euclidean distance based approach. The observations are validated through measurement results over the designed 16 $\times $ 4 MIMO test-bed using software defined radio nodes.
18 citations
TL;DR: A 10-ports, hybrid multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system for 5G Smartphone applications shows good radiation characteristics with maximum peak gain between 2 dBi and 4 dBi, and can be a good candidate in the modern mobile communication systems.
Abstract: This paper presents a 10-ports, hybrid multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna system for 5G Smartphone applications. The proposed antenna system comprises two types of antenna modules: (1) multi-band module consists of two identical multiband antenna elements, each antenna element in this module covers the 2G bands (GSM 850/900/1800/1900 MHz), 3G band (UMTS 2100 MHz) and 4G bands (LTE 2300/2500), and (2) single-band module consists of eight identical L shape elements, each antenna element in this module covers the C-band (3400-3600 MHz) for 5G mobile application. The overall dimensions of the proposed antenna system are $150\times 80\,\,mm^{2}$ . The proposed antenna system is fabricated and tested. Experimental results show reflection coefficients better than -6 dB and -10 dB for multi-band and single-band modules, respectively, with high isolation levels between the antenna elements in both modules. Moreover, the measured envelop correlation coefficients (ECC) is well below 0.3 and 0.1 for the proposed multi-band and single-bands modules, respectively. In addition, single antenna elements in both modules show good radiation characteristics with maximum peak gain between 2 dBi and 4 dBi. Finally, 43 bps/Hz channel capacity is achieved in the single-band module. With these characteristics, the proposed antenna system can be a good candidate in the modern mobile communication systems.
06 Jul 2020
TL;DR: A novel radio frequency fingerprinting (RFF) based device identifications method which can identify the DCTF of different devices with low complexity and high accuracy and is robust to different device locations and GSM parameters.
Abstract: Global system for mobile communications (GSM) is one of the most widely used communication standards in the world today, which still has a large number of users, so it is of great security significance to identify devices operating in a GSM network. This paper proposes a novel radio frequency fingerprinting (RFF) based device identifications method for mobile phones. A differential constellation trace figure (DCTF) physical layer RFF extraction and convolutional neural network (CNN) based classification scheme is designed to identify accessing mobile phones. Theoretical analysis shows that differential process of GSM signal can effectively reflect the characteristics of RFF from different phones. Compared with the existing RFF identification methods, CNN based classification can identify the DCTF of different devices with low complexity and high accuracy. Furthermore, the proposed DCTF-CNN method is robust to different device locations and GSM parameters. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the proposed DCTF-CNN method can reach 92.97% and 99.77% with SNR at 25 dB and 50 dB for 6 mobile phones.
TL;DR: This article assesses the added value of backscatter communication in 5G IoT technology, by studying spatial modulation (SM)-based techniques, applied over a traditional multiple antenna back scatter communication system, and expands GSM in the time domain.
Abstract: A vision of a digital and connected world is now a global strategy for 5G Internet of Things (IoT), targeting for high-speed communication services with more capacity, lower latency, increased reliability, and availability. In this article, we assess the added value of backscatter communication in 5G IoT technology, by studying spatial modulation (SM)-based techniques, applied over a traditional multiple antenna backscatter communication system. Particularly, with backscatter, we fulfill the need for wireless self-powered devices, as one of the main characteristics of 5G IoT. Furthermore, with the use of multiple antennas, we apply sophisticated techniques that enhance the overall efficiency of the backscatter communication system. Initially, we study generalized SM (GSM) and its special case of SM, exploiting the antenna index as an additional source of information. With this technique, enhanced performance in terms of symbol error rate (SER) and spectral efficiency, is provided. In addition, we expand GSM in the time domain, by applying the Alamouti coding scheme (GSMA) in two out of the multiple available antennas. In this way, we further enhance the performance and succeed transmit diversity. Finally, analytical expressions regarding the pairwise error probability are derived and presented, while a diversity analysis is carried out for the proposed techniques. The simulation results along with theoretical bounds are provided, validating the enhanced performance of our study.
02 Oct 2020
TL;DR: This project is aimed to be a comprehensive solution for emergency services in the region’s most-affected by gridlocks, using Internet of Things (IoT) technology.
Abstract: Heavy traffic has always been a problem, especially in populated parts of the world i.e. countries like India. So these countries are among the worst affected by traffic jams. This leads to quite a few problems in the daily lives and services provided to them and by the people of these regions. The most affected are the paramedic services. The mortality rate of patients who can be cured with on-time treatments is increasing annually, all because of rush-hour traffic and are unable to take the patients to the hospitals in the required time frame. This project aims to solve and at the least decrease the rate of this problem, using Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Each ambulance will be equipped with GPS and GSM modem which in case of emergency will send its GPS coordinates to the cloud server, which will then mark the shortest distance from its present location to the hospital via the place from where the emergency call has been raised. The components used for this project are GSM Module SIM900A along with Arduino UNO and Cloud computing. The data from the modules will be stored in a cloud server from where the paramedic officials can access it using a unique ID and password that will be issued to them on the integration of this system into the infrastructure. A fourth signal, to be controlled by the Arduino module, is to be implemented in the traffic lighting system. This project is aimed to be a comprehensive solution for emergency services in the region’s most-affected by gridlocks.
TL;DR: The effects of this antenna on the human body is examined, the specific spatial peak absorption rate (SAR) in the human head caused by the use of mobile phone is reduced applying the adaptation technique and a good compromise between some constraints is obtained.
Abstract: In this paper, a new multi-band PIFA antenna covering four frequency bands (GSM, Wifi/Bluetooth, 4G LTE and WIMAX) is presented The proposed method in this work consists of two main phases The first step consists in determining the electrical and radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna using HFSS simulator The second step, the effects of this antenna on the human body is examined and the specific spatial peak absorption rate (SAR) in the human head caused by the use of mobile phone is reduced applying the adaptation technique For this reason, experiments were carried out based on LC resonator placed between the generator and the load and put in series with the short circuit After optimizing the values of L and C, theoretical and experimental results were compared and discussed to obtain a good compromise between some constraints: (1) simulation and measurement results are in good agreement on the return loss (RL) (= S11), (2) high bandwidth, (3) high radiation efficiency and (4) limited specific absorption rate
TL;DR: The measured results demonstrate that the achieved operating band of the proposed antenna has the potential to cover Globalstar satellite phones (GSSP) and advanced wireless systems and long-term evolution (LTE) bands.
Abstract: In this paper, a low-profile antenna is presented for wideband communication applications. The presented design consists of an I-shaped driven strip and a rectangular ground strip with an open slot in the middle and a steeped lower portion. The measured results demonstrate that the achieved operating band of the proposed antenna has the potential to cover Globalstar satellite phones (GSSP) (1.61–1.63 GHz, uplink), advanced wireless systems (1.71–1.76 GHz, 2.11–2.17 GHz), DCS (1710–1880 MHz), GSM (1800MHz), DCP (1.88–1.90 GHz), DCS-1900/PCS/PHS (1850–1990MHz), WCDMA/IMT-2000 (1920–2170MHz), UMTS (1920–2170 MHz) and long-term evolution (LTE) bands (FDD LTE bands 1–4, 9–10, 15–16, 23–25, 33–37, 39). The designed antenna possessed a very small size of 0.35λ0 × 0.027λ0 at the lowest frequency (S11 ≤ −10dB), achieved good gains and exhibited stable radiation patterns, which makes it suitable for handheld communication devices.
TL;DR: This paper investigates secure transmission of AN-aided generalized spatial modulation (GSM), which maintains the same hardware requirements at the transmitter as the conventional GSM, and proposes an Euclidean distance optimized AN (ED-AN) scheme by minimizing the Euclidan distance between the transmit signal and the jamming signal.
Abstract: Artificial noise (AN) is considered as a new physical layer technology to improve the security of wireless systems. In this paper, we investigate secure transmission of AN-aided generalized spatial modulation (GSM), which maintains the same hardware requirements at the transmitter as the conventional GSM. In order to further improve the jamming intensity of conventional AN scheme, we propose an Euclidean distance optimized AN (ED-AN) scheme by minimizing the Euclidean distance between the transmit signal and the jamming signal, which also avoids the power waste of conventional AN scheme. The secrecy capacities of both the AN-GSM and EDAN-GSM schemes are analyzed, and the optimal power allocation of AN-GSM is further investigated by maximizing the secrecy capacity. Furthermore, the upper bounds of the theoretical bit error rates (BERs) of both the legitimate receiver and the illegal eavesdropper over the Rayleigh fading channel are derived. Simulation results validate our derived analysis and demonstrate that the ED-AN scheme offers better secrecy and BER performance.
06 Nov 2020
TL;DR: A smart wearable device system is implemented using the Raspberry Pi3 for enhancing the safety and security of women/children and works as an alert as well as a security system.
Abstract: Security has become a major concern for women, children and even elders in every walk of their life. Women are getting assaulted and molested, children are getting kidnapped, elder citizens are also facing many problems like robbery, etc. In this paper, a smart security solution called smart wearable device system is implemented using the Raspberry Pi3 for enhancing the safety and security of women/children. It works as an alert as well as a security system. It provides a buzzer alert alert to the people who are nearby to the user (wearing the smart device). The system uses Global Positioning System (GPS) to locate the user, sends the location of the user through SMS to the emergency contact and police using the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) / General Radio Packet Service (GPRS) technology. The device also captures the image of the assault and surroundings of the user or victim using USB Web Camera interfaced to the device and sends it as an E-mail alert to the emergency contact soon after the user presses the panic button present on Smart wearable device system.
TL;DR: In this article, a 2D partitioning scheme using hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallelization has been developed in the Gamow Shell Model (GSM) code to take advantage of their power.
04 May 2020
TL;DR: The results reveals that low to medium residual PN in distributed oscillator architecture can be tolerated when using GSM-QPSK without phase noise mitigation, thus, enforcing the GSM to be a promising candidate for ultra-high wireless data rate communication in sub-THz bands.
Abstract: Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technique with Index Modulation (IM) over sub-TeraHertz (sub-THz) bands represent a promising solution to design new wireless ultrahigh data rate systems. However, the system design over sub-THz bands suffers from many technological limitations and severe RF-impairments such as low output power, limited resolution of high-speed low-power Analog-to-Digital Converters and important Phase Noise (PN) introduced by the Local Oscillator (LO). In this paper, different modulations schemes with Generalized Spatial Modulation (GSM) are compared from different perspectives while considering the sub-THz impairments. The effect of PN has been investigated for these modulation schemes in sub-THz channels using uniform linear and rectangular antenna arrays. The obtained results reveal that QPSK-GSM system is the best combination compared to GSM systems with any other Mary modulation scheme (e.g. PSK, DPSK, QAM, PAM). Compared to DQPSK-GSM and 4PAM-GSM at 12bpcu, same number of receive and activated transmit antennas, the QPSK-GSM system offers a gain ranging from 3.4 dB up to 5 dB. The results reveals that low to medium residual PN in distributed oscillator architecture can be tolerated when using GSM-QPSK without phase noise mitigation. Thus, enforcing the GSM to be a promising candidate for ultra-high wireless data rate communication in sub-THz bands.
TL;DR: An IoT based water level indicator with minimum power consumption which can be used for Domestic applications and monitoring and control the water level in real time using IoT and cloud computing technologies.
Abstract: Objective: To monitor and control the water level in real time using IoT and cloud computing technologies to avoid the wastage of water in water storage tanks/sumps. Methods/Analysis: The level of water in a tank is detected by using ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 which works on the principle similar to radar/sonar by converting electrical energy to acoustic waves and vice-versa and it is interfaced with CC3200 Launchpad, on-chip Wi-Fi microcontroller from Texas Instruments. Geotagging Technique is used to easily track the location of the water overflow. Findings: Ultrasonic sensor measures the distance and the microcontroller reads the data and uploads to the ThingSpeak cloud for real time monitoring and graphical representation. When the water reaches the reserve position and normally the motor will be switched off. Once the water attains a maximum level before overflow occurs. In case failure of the motor actuator (relay) it needs a physical switching of the motor. Such a scenario is tackled by sending an alert to the mobile using GSM SIM900A (Global System for Mobile communication Subscriber Identity Module) as such, failure of the actuator is taken care off. Novelty: In this study, we have designed an IoT based water level indicator with minimum power consumption which can be used for Domestic applications.
Keywords: Water level, GeoTagging, IoT, CC3200, ThingSpeak cloud
TL;DR: It is shown that the DGP network model proposed in this paper can replace the electromagnetic simulation software in the optimization process, so as to reduce the time required for optimization while ensuring the design accuracy.
Abstract: When using Gaussian process (GP) machine learning as a surrogate model combined with the global optimization method for rapid optimization design of electromagnetic problems, a large number of covariance calculations are required, resulting in a calculation volume which is cube of the number of samples and low efficiency. In order to solve this problem, this study constructs a deep GP (DGP) model by using the structural form of convolutional neural network (CNN) and combining it with GP. In this network, GP is used to replace the fully connected layer of the CNN, the convolutional layer and the pooling layer of the CNN are used to reduce the dimension of the input parameters and GP is used to predict output, while particle swarm optimization (PSO) is used algorithm to optimize network structure parameters. The modeling method proposed in this paper can compress the dimensions of the problem to reduce the demand of training samples and effectively improve the modeling efficiency while ensuring the modeling accuracy. In our study, we used the proposed modeling method to optimize the design of a multiband microstrip antenna (MSA) for mobile terminals and obtained good optimization results. The optimized antenna can work in the frequency range of 0.69–0.96 GHz and 1.7–2.76 GHz, covering the wireless LTE 700, GSM 850, GSM 900, DCS 1800, PCS1900, UMTS 2100, LTE 2300, and LTE 2500 frequency bands. It is shown that the DGP network model proposed in this paper can replace the electromagnetic simulation software in the optimization process, so as to reduce the time required for optimization while ensuring the design accuracy.
30 Jun 2020
TL;DR: This tppl aims to provide information to vehicle owners when a vehicle is in danger by sending coordinate points using SMS and can be displayed right with the Google Maps application to make it easy for vehicle owners to track or know the position of the vehicle.
Abstract: Security system to alert and warn when a vehicle is stolen. This tppl aims to provide information to vehicle owners when a vehicle is in danger by sending coordinate points using SMS (Short Message Service) and can be displayed right with the Google Maps application to make it easy for vehicle owners to track or know the position of the vehicle. Vehicle safety system using SMS (Short message Service) and GPS (Global Positioning System) based on microcontroller and displayed with this smartphone utilizing technology that can make it easier for users to use, namely: (1) neo 6 GPS module, (2) the minimum microcontroller system circuit in Atmega Arduino uno module, (3) SIM GSM 800L module, (4) Smartphones, (5) as well as google maps applications and (6) SMS (short message service) which are already smartphones. Making software (software) this tool uses the C programming language and uses the MIT App Inventor Application.
14 Oct 2020
TL;DR: An Arduino based device, designed to track and monitor in real-time, valuable items that a user prefers to keep within a range of 10meters at all times, is discussed and a comparison of the physical and simulated design of the device is proposed to measure reliability, cost and speed.
Abstract: Modernization has paved way for many technological developments, leading to increased security dependency across the globe. People are cognizant of how crucial security is and how it must be embedded into every system they use. Therefore, researchers, scientists, and developers have carried out numerous studies to provide better solutions for challenges encountered in this field of study. Our paper discusses and analyses, an Arduino based device, designed to track and monitor in real-time, valuable items that a user prefers to keep within a range of 10meters at all times. A comparison of the physical and simulated design of the device is proposed to measure reliability, cost and speed. Unique to this design is the use of Bluetooth, which enables a connection between the user’s phone Bluetooth and the Arduino device. The experiment results prove that; (1) as soon as connection is lost, a call is made from the device to the user’s phone to signal a disconnection, and an alert message containing the current location is sent via Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM); (2) after every 1000milliseconds updated coordinates are sent to the user, assisting in tracking the device even if its location has changed.
TL;DR: This paper describes the automatic test problems, a constrained multi-objective problem, then the design of the genetic algorithm to improve the test paper and puts forward questions based on an encoding method and based on the difficulty and test points of F fitness function for dynamic adjustment of the parameters in the iterative process.
Abstract: The English teaching network system is a distant teaching based on the Web This teaching method can stimulate students’ interests so that students can acquire knowledge voluntarily, and automatic test paper generation is one of the most important modules in the English teaching network system This article first briefly introduces the architecture of the wireless sensor network and then gives a wireless sensor network teaching experiment system based on a genetic algorithm The multiple sensor nodes in the system can form a variety of different topologies, the collected data can be sent to the user terminal through the GSM network, and the user can also control the remote sensor node through the GSM network This paper first describes the automatic test problems, a constrained multi-objective problem, then the design of the genetic algorithm to improve the test paper and puts forward questions based on an encoding method and based on the difficulty and test points of F fitness function for dynamic adjustment of the parameters in the iterative process Finally, it is verified by experiments that the test paper made by this method satisfies users’ requests for questions, contents, and scores, and at the same time, it also improves the running efficiency of a random optimization algorithm by 7–17 times
TL;DR: A fully manageable and secure smart home automation system based on a cloud computing system with an ESP Arduino system and the security of home had been improved by adding a complete camera system with a GSM communication technique.
Abstract: Home management and controlling have seen a great introduction to network that enabled digital technology, especially in recent decades. For the purpose of home automation, this technique offers an exciting capability to enhance the connectivity of equipment within the home. Also, with the rapid expansion of the Internet, there are potentials that added to the remote control and monitoring of such network-enabled devices. In this paper, we had been designed and implemented a fully manageable and secure smart home automation system based on a cloud computing system with an ESP Arduino system. The security of home had been improved by adding a complete camera system with a GSM communication technique to connect the Arduino output data to an external specified number if there is no internet provider. We used three sensors for temperature, gas, and motion measurements. The ESP8226 Wi-Fi device programmed the sensors to maintain the sensors measurements and transfer them to the cloud server database which is programmed to the web server via Appatshy and Mysql formats. The system implemented with high time response so that all readings updated and appeared spontaneously. The designed system should be effective, a secure, and rapid response real-time smart home system should be achieved.
TL;DR: A new convenient method for total isotropic sensitivity (TIS) measurement of each antenna group in SAS with multiple groups of antennas is proposed, suitable for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), wide band code division multiple access (WCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), and other wireless communication systems with RSSI report.
Abstract: Smart antenna systems (SAS) play an important role in wireless communication systems, especially in rapidly developing fifth-generation (5G) systems. In normal device under test (DUT) applications with SAS, the antenna’s state may change in different external environments in order to obtain higher antenna gains and better connection with the base station, resulting in high uncertainties for over-the-air (OTA) tests using conventional methods. Before evaluating the transceiver performance, additional application programs are necessary to control the DUT, which increases the inconvenience for engineers and makes it impossible to reflect the real usage scenario. This article proposes a new convenient method for total isotropic sensitivity (TIS) measurement of each antenna group in SAS with multiple groups of antennas. This method monitors the status of the antenna systems, and the TIS is calculated from the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). The proposed method is suitable for Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), wide band code division multiple access (WCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), and other wireless communication systems with RSSI report.
01 Jul 2020
TL;DR: A new system with the use of advanced sensors and a GSM module to provide SMS acknowledgment whenever there is any critical action that is initiated during the process of irrigation to enable remote control and monitoring of the status of the setup even when farmer is away from the location.
Abstract: In this generation where technology is advancing rapidly, the field of agriculture and farming requires the application of the latest technology to make the life of farmers much simpler. The primary purpose of automating the irrigation setup is to enable remote control and monitoring of the status of the setup even when farmer is away from the location. This paper proposes a new system with the use of advanced sensors and a GSM module to provide SMS acknowledgment whenever there is any critical action that is initiated during the process. This includes water being pumped in excess to a crop, there is too much of sunlight for a sustained period and many other critical situations. The farmer will then have opportunity to take necessary action.
TL;DR: Various sensors such as temperature, heart rate monitor utilizing electrocardiography, and accelerometer to detect fall and seizure conditions were integrated in the WBAN to connect Radio Frequency units wirelessly, Zigbee mesh topology was adopted.
Abstract: The objective of this work is to describe the design process of a wireless body area network (WBAN) for the remote observation of multiple physiological signals from a patient. Various sensors such as temperature, heart rate monitor utilizing electrocardiography, and accelerometer to detect fall and seizure conditions were integrated in the WBAN. Sensed data is wirelessly transmitted to the central control unit (CCU) that is associated with a remote base station. For benchmarking, medically certified sensors were employed to validate wearable sensors data. The sensor information can be ported in the cloud environment using CCU-based gateway with Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) modem capability. This mechanism is facilitating remote access to sensors information. To connect Radio Frequency (RF) units wirelessly, Zigbee mesh topology was adopted. In this way, they can be remotely overseen, managed and controlled by assigned staff. The presented prototype featuring the desired WBAN system performance was evaluated with different human postures and moving scenarios.