Showing papers on "Revised NEO Personality Inventory published in 2015"

Association between Personality Traits and Sleep Quality in Young Korean Women

Abstract: Personality is a trait that affects behavior and lifestyle, and sleep quality is an important component of a healthy life. We analyzed the association between personality traits and sleep quality in a cross-section of 1,406 young women (from 18 to 40 years of age) who were not reporting clinically meaningful depression symptoms. Surveys were carried out from December 2011 to February 2012, using the Revised NEO Personality Inventory and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). All analyses were adjusted for demographic and behavioral variables. We considered beta weights, structure coefficients, unique effects, and common effects when evaluating the importance of sleep quality predictors in multiple linear regression models. Neuroticism was the most important contributor to PSQI global scores in the multiple regression models. By contrast, despite being strongly correlated with sleep quality, conscientiousness had a near-zero beta weight in linear regression models, because most variance was shared with other personality traits. However, conscientiousness was the most noteworthy predictor of poor sleep quality status (PSQI≥6) in logistic regression models and individuals high in conscientiousness were least likely to have poor sleep quality, which is consistent with an OR of 0.813, with conscientiousness being protective against poor sleep quality. Personality may be a factor in poor sleep quality and should be considered in sleep interventions targeting young women.

GWA meta-analysis of personality in Korean cohorts.

Abstract: Personality is a determinant of behavior and lifestyle that is associated with health and human diseases. Despite the heritability of personality traits is well established, the understanding of the genetic contribution to personality trait variation is extremely limited. To identify genetic variants associated with each of the five dimensions of personality, we performed a genome-wide association (GWA) meta-analysis of three cohorts, followed by comparison of a family cohort. Personality traits were measured with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory for the five-factor model (FFM) of personality. We investigated the top five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each trait, and revealed the most highly association with neuroticism and TACC2 (rs1010657, P=8.79 × 10−7), extraversion and PTPN12 (rs12537271, P=1.47 × 10−7), openness and IMPAD1 (rs16921695, P=5 × 10−8), agreeableness and RPS29 (rs8015351, P=1.27 × 10−6) and conscientiousness and LMO4 (rs912765, P=2.91 × 10−6). It had no SNP reached the GWA study threshold (P<5 × 10−8). When expanded the SNPs up to top 100, the correlation of PTPRD (rs1029089) and agreeableness was confirmed in Healthy Twin cohort with other 13 SNPs. This GWA meta-analysis on FFM personality traits is meaningful as it was the first on a non-Caucasian population targeted to FFM of personality traits.

Pathway analysis of genome-wide association datasets of personality traits.

Abstract: Although several genome-wide association (GWA) studies of human personality have been recently published, genetic variants that are highly associated with certain personality traits remain unknown, due to difficulty reproducing results. To further investigate these genetic variants, we assessed biological pathways using GWA datasets. Pathway analysis using GWA data was performed on 1089 Korean women whose personality traits were measured with the Revised NEO Personality Inventory for the 5-factor model of personality. A total of 1042 pathways containing 8297 genes were included in our study. Of these, 14 pathways were highly enriched with association signals that were validated in 1490 independent samples. These pathways include association of: Neuroticism with axon guidance [L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM) interactions]; Extraversion with neuronal system and voltage-gated potassium channels; Agreeableness with L1CAM interaction, neurotransmitter receptor binding and downstream transmission in postsynaptic cells; and Conscientiousness with the interferon-gamma and platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta polypeptide pathways. Several genes that contribute to top-ranked pathways in this study were previously identified in GWA studies or by pathway analysis in schizophrenia or other neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we report the first pathway analysis of all five personality traits. Importantly, our analysis identified novel pathways that contribute to understanding the etiology of personality traits.

Personality and Management Level: Traits That Differentiate Leadership Levels

Abstract: Over 5000 senior managers attending a structured assessment centre completed three tests (Revised NEO Personality Inventory, NEO-FFI; the Myers Briggs Type Indicators, MBTI; the Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation, FIRO-B). Given their rank and responsibilities they were categorised as Non-Managers or specialists, Middle Managers and Senior Managers (Manager of Managers or Leaders). Results showed the more Senior Managers tended to be less Neurotic and Agreeable, but more Extraverted and Conscientious. They also had less Wanted Inclusion and more Expressed Control scores on the FIRO-B and tended to be higher on MBTI Intuition and on Thinking (vs Feeling). The results of the discriminant analysis showed two FIRO-B factors (Expressed Control and Wanted Control) and two Big Five (Neuroticism and Extraversion) were best discriminators of managerial seniority. Leaders tended to score high on Expressed Control and Extraversion and low on Wanted Inclusion and Neuroticism. Implications for selection and promotion, as well as limitations of the study are considered.

Do We Have Valid Country -Level Measures of Personality?

Abstract: Since the publication of the first compilation of "national IQs" by Lynn and Vanhanen (2001, 2002), intelligence has become increasingly important in comparative research at the country level. It has been used successfully as an explanatory variable in studies of cultural values (Meisenberg, 2004, 2008), religiosity (Lynn, Harvey and Nyborg, 2009; Meisenberg et al., 2012), fertility rates (Meisenberg, 2009), economic growth (Weede and Kampf, 2002; Meisenberg, 2014), suicide rates (Voracek, 2008), crime (Burhan et al., 2014), institutional quality (Kanyama, 2014), and political failure (Voracek, 2013). Scores in scholastic achievement tests such as the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and Program for International Student Achievement (PISA) correlate so highly with IQ that they can be used as alternative measures of intelligence at the country level (Meisenberg and Lynn, 2011).However, intelligence captures only one dimension of psychological variation, among countries as well as among individuals. In order to study cultural variation at the psychological level, we need information about personality traits as well. The following research summarizes the results of the major comparative studies that have measured country-level variation in personality traits using inventories of the Big Five, and offers a critical assessment of their reliability and validity.1. The Big FiveEarly attempts at defining and measuring the dimensions on which personality varies among individuals produced classifications ranging from three factors in the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Extraversion, Neuroticism, Psychoticism) to 16 in Cattell's 16PF inventory. Since the 1970s, however, a five-factor model has become the most widely used in differential psychology (McCrae and Costa, 1999). It was developed gradually, starting in the 1940s and 1950s with lexical studies in which correlations among trait-descriptive adjectives were measured, and from re-analyses of Cattell's 16PF that produced only five clearly reproducible dimensions. Thus it emerged as a result of empirical analysis, rather than pre-existing theory (Digman, 1990). The five personality factors are known as Neuroticism (or, reverse-scored, Emotional Stability), with (according to the NEO PI-R) the facet scores Anxiety, Angry Hostility, Depression, Self-Consciousness, Impulsiveness and Vulnerability; Extraversion (Warmth, Gregariousness, Assertiveness, Activity, Excitement-Seeking, Positive Emotions); Openness (Fantasy, Aesthetics, Feelings, Actions, Ideas, Values); Agreeableness (Trust, Straightforwardness, Altruism, Compliance, Modesty, Tender-Mindedness); and Conscientiousness (Competence, Order, Dutifulness, Achievement Striving, Self-Discipline, Deliberation). Factor analytic studies showed that many earlier personality inventories, including Cattell's 16PF (Hofer, Horn and Eber, 1997) and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (McCrae and Costa, 1989), can be interpreted as measuring the Big Five.Importantly, the factor structures obtained with the commonly used inventories are sufficiently similar across countries and cultures that in broad outline, the five factors are valid cross-culturally (McCrae et al., 2005a; Rossier et al., 2007; Zecca et al., 2012). Although some differences between cultures are observed (Church et al., 2011), personality structure appears to be a "human universal" that can be recognized across cultures (McCrae & Costa, 1997). What is expected to vary across cultures are the average levels of the individual personality traits.2. Data SourcesThe following studies have compared scaled scores on personality inventories for a number of countries that is sufficient for systematic cross-national comparisons:1. McCrae, 2002: This compilation lists average scores on the revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) scales and subscales for 36 cultures. Both college student samples and adult samples are represented. …

Personality, Attentional Biases towards Emotional Faces and Symptoms of Mental Disorders in an Adolescent Sample.

Abstract: Objective To investigate the role of personality factors and attentional biases towards emotional faces, in establishing concurrent and prospective risk for mental disorder diagnosis in adolescence. Method Data were obtained as part of the IMAGEN study, conducted across 8 European sites, with a community sample of 2257 adolescents. At 14 years, participants completed an emotional variant of the dot-probe task, as well two personality measures, namely the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale and the revised NEO Personality Inventory. At 14 and 16 years, participants and their parents were interviewed to determine symptoms of mental disorders. Results Personality traits were general and specific risk indicators for mental disorders at 14 years. Increased specificity was obtained when investigating the likelihood of mental disorders over a 2-year period, with the Substance Use Risk Profile Scale showing incremental validity over the NEO Personality Inventory. Attentional biases to emotional faces did not characterise or predict mental disorders examined in the current sample. Discussion Personality traits can indicate concurrent and prospective risk for mental disorders in a community youth sample, and identify at-risk youth beyond the impact of baseline symptoms. This study does not support the hypothesis that attentional biases mediate the relationship between personality and psychopathology in a community sample. Task and sample characteristics that contribute to differing results among studies are discussed.

Fear conditioning induced by interpersonal conflicts in healthy individuals

Abstract: Psychophysiological markers have been focused to investigate the psychopathology of psychiatric disorders and personality subtypes. In order to understand neurobiological mechanisms underlying these conditions, fear-conditioning model has been widely used. However, simple aversive stimuli are too simplistic to understand mechanisms because most patients with psychiatric disorders are affected by social stressors. The objective of this study was to test the feasibility of a newly-designed conditioning experiment using a stimulus to cause interpersonal conflicts and examine associations between personality traits and response to that stimulus. Twenty-nine healthy individuals underwent the fear conditioning and extinction experiments in response to three types of stimuli: a simple aversive sound, disgusting pictures, and pictures of an actors’ face with unpleasant verbal messages that were designed to cause interpersonal conflicts. Conditioned response was quantified by the skin conductance response (SCR). Correlations between the SCR changes, and personality traits measured by the Zanarini Rating Scale for Borderline Personality Disorder (ZAN-BPD) and Revised NEO Personality Inventory were explored. The interpersonal conflict stimulus resulted in successful conditioning, which was subsequently extinguished, in a similar manner as the other two stimuli. Moreover, a greater degree of conditioned response to the interpersonal conflict stimulus correlated with a higher ZAN-BPD total score. Fear conditioning and extinction can be successfully achieved, using interpersonal conflicts as a stimulus. Given that conditioned fear caused by the interpersonal conflicts is likely associated with borderline personality traits, this paradigm could contribute to further understanding of underlying mechanisms of interpersonal fear implicated in borderline personality disorder.

Big-Five personality traits and its effect on Emotional intelligence among public school personnel in Malaysia

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to examine the effect and contribution of Big Five personality traits towards emotional intelligence among high performance public school personnel carrying their role as school leaders. Sample of the study was comprised of 306 (Male =132; Female =174) public school personnel as leaders in their respective environments, such as principal, senior administrative assistant, senior assistant student affairs (HEM), senior assistant curriculum, the heads of the four departments set by the Ministry of Education i.e. Heads of Humanities and Religion, Science and Math, English, and Engineering & vocational as well as members of general committee from High Performance Schools (SBT) in Malaysia. Emotional Competence Inventory (ECI) and The Revised NEO Personality Inventory were used to measure EI and personality traits accordingly. Regression analysis showed that personality traits was becomes a significant predictors and contributing significantly in order explain emotional intelligence i.e. Conscientiousness (R² = .305, F= 133.528, P<0.05), Extraversion (R² = .357, F= 84.295, P<0.05), Agreeableness (R² = .414, F= 71.151, P<0.05), and Openness to experiences (R² = .428, F= 56.196, P<0.05). The finding revealed that all four personality traits emerged as significant predictors of emotional intelligence. The finding also revealed that Conscientiousness emerged as best predictor of emotional intelligence. However, different traits play differential roles in predicting the emotional intelligence. Keeping in view the implications of personality traits towards EI among school personnel as leaders, finding of the present research can help to improve overall organizational behaviour and productivity resulting in optimum service delivery to the stakeholders within educational system in Malaysia.

Criterion Validity of Complex Traits With Counterproductive Work Behaviors: Circumplex Versus Facet Traits

Abstract: This study examined the criterion validity of factorially complex traits, specifically circumplex traits, in comparison to personality facets in explaining variance in interpersonally directed and organization-directed counterproductive work behavior (CWB-I and CWB-O). We examined whether circumplex traits’ explanation of unique variance was due to being narrower traits or a blend of multiple personality factors. We compared the Abridged Big Five Circumplex circumplexes and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory facets associated with Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism. Two hundred ninety-six student workers completed the study. Regression analysis supported our prediction that circumplex traits explain unique variance in CWB-Is and CWB-Os beyond that of personality facets. In addition, those personality facets with stronger relationships to the criteria had larger cross-loadings between personality domains.

Brief Report Neuroticism and facial emotion recognition in healthy adults

Abstract: Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine whether healthy individuals with higher levels of neuroticism, a robust independent predictor of psychopathology, exhibit altered facial emotion recognition performance. Methods: Facial emotion recognition accuracy was investigated in 104 healthy adults using the Degraded Facial Affect Recognition Task (DFAR). Participants’ degree of neuroticism was estimated using neuroticism scales extracted from the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and the Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Results: A significant negative correlation between the degree of neuroticism and the percentage of correct answers on DFAR was found only for happy facial expression (significant after applying Bonferroni correction). Conclusions: Altered sensitivity to the emotional context represents a useful and easy way to obtain cognitive phenotype that correlates strongly with inter-individual variations in neuroticism linked to stress vulnerability and subsequent psychopathology. Present findings could have implication in early intervention strategies and staging models in psychiatry.

An Empirical Investigation of the Relationship between Professional Skepticism, Trust Level and Audit Skeptical Judgments and Decisions

Abstract: We used a survey to investigate whether accounting students’ trait professional skepticism, assessed by the Hurtt Professional Skepticism Scale (HPSS), relate to personality dimensions and facets, in particular their trust, as assessed by the Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R1). We then investigated how levels of trait skepticism as measured by these two instruments (the HPSS and NEO PI-R) are associated with accounting students’ skeptical judgments and decisions. The results showed that auditors’ skeptical judgments (what they think they will do) were significantly associated with the students’ trait skepticism as assessed by HPSS, but was not associated with whether the student was generally suspicious or trustful of people as assessed by NEO PI-R. By contrast, HPSS trait skepticism did not contribute to an understanding of the students’ skeptical decision (what they actually do). This was more closely related to student’s reports on the NEO PI-R Trust facet. Taken together, our findings suggest that being highly skeptical may be beneficial to the audit decisions quality.

Anger tendency may be associated with duration of illness in panic disorder

Abstract: Several studies have reported an increased tendency towards anger in patients with panic disorder (PD). If this propensity for anger arises from the pathological process of PD, it may be associated with the duration of the illness. The present study therefore examined the relationship between duration of PD and the personality tendency to experience anger in PD patients. Participants were 413 patients (132 men and 281 women; age = 38.7 years) with PD. Diagnoses were confirmed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Illness duration ranged from less than a year to 51 years. After participants completed the Revised NEO Personality Inventory, we examined the association between illness duration and the Angry Hostility and Impulsiveness subscale scores. In the analysis, participants were divided into two groups by duration of illness (long group, n = 186 and short group, n = 200) using the median value (9 years) as a cut-off because of the skewed distribution of the duration. Patients with an illness duration of 9 years (n = 27) were excluded from the comparison. The duration of illness was significantly correlated with the Angry Hostility score (p = 0.002) after controlling for age. Scores were significantly higher in the long group than in the short group (p = 0.04). No significant association was observed between Impulsiveness scores and duration of illness. The present study suggests that longer PD duration is related to a stronger tendency to experience anger.

Investigation of the Relationship of Personality Types with Work Ethic and Satisfaction among the Employees of the Education

Abstract: This research aims to investigate the relationship of personality types with work ethic and satisfaction among the employees of Education Administration. This a correlation study. Statistical population included all employees of the Education Administration in Hormozgan Province of Iran (230 individuals). Since the number of the individuals included in the statistical population was limited, census method was applied. The Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO Five-Factor), job satisfaction questionnaire (Job Description Index) and Work Ethic Inventory were applied as data collection instruments. Multivariate regression was used in order to analyze data. Results indicated that personality traits can explain the work ethic of employees at p level of 0.001. It was also indicated that personality traits do not explain employee’s job satisfaction at P= 0. 6. Keywords: Personality Traits, Job Satisfaction, Work Ethic