Showing papers by "Hermann Burr published in 2015"
University of Helsinki1, University College London2, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health3, French Institute of Health and Medical Research4, Karolinska Institutet5, RMIT University6, Stockholm University7, Stockholm County Council8, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health9, Université libre de Bruxelles10, Ghent University11, University of Düsseldorf12, University of Duisburg-Essen13, Mid Sweden University14, Umeå University15, University of Copenhagen16, University of Turku17, University of Skövde18, Turku University Hospital19, Uppsala University20, Queen's University Belfast21, University of Essex22, University of Edinburgh23, University of Bristol24
TL;DR: Employees who work long hours have a higher risk of stroke than those working standard hours; the association with coronary heart disease is weaker; these findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the management of vascular risk factors in individuals whoWork long hours.
497 citations
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health1, University of Helsinki2, Stockholm County Council3, University College London4, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health5, Université libre de Bruxelles6, Ghent University7, University of Düsseldorf8, University of Duisburg-Essen9, RMIT University10, University of Tampere11, Mid Sweden University12, Stockholm University13, University of Copenhagen14, German Institute for Economic Research15, University of Turku16, Max Planck Society17, Uppsala University18
TL;DR: In this article, a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data was conducted to quantify the association between long working hours and alcohol use, showing that individuals whose working hours exceed standard recommendations are more likely to increase their alcohol use to levels that pose a health risk.
Abstract: Objective: To quantify the association between long working hours and alcohol use. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data. Data sources: A systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases in April 2014 for published studies, supplemented with manual searches. Unpublished individual participant data were obtained from 27 additional studies. Review methods: The search strategy was designed to retrieve cross sectional and prospective studies of the association between long working hours and alcohol use. Summary estimates were obtained with random effects meta-analysis. Sources of heterogeneity were examined with meta-regression. Results: Cross sectional analysis was based on 61 studies representing 333 693 participants from 14 countries. Prospective analysis was based on 20 studies representing 100 602 participants from nine countries. The pooled maximum adjusted odds ratio for the association between long working hours and alcohol use was 1.11 (95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.18) in the cross sectional analysis of published and unpublished data. Odds ratio of new onset risky alcohol use was 1.12 (1.04 to 1.20) in the analysis of prospective published and unpublished data. In the 18 studies with individual participant data it was possible to assess the European Union Working Time Directive, which recommends an upper limit of 48 hours a week. Odds ratios of new onset risky alcohol use for those working 49-54 hours and ≥55 hours a week were 1.13 (1.02 to 1.26; adjusted difference in incidence 0.8 percentage points) and 1.12 (1.01 to 1.25; adjusted difference in incidence 0.7 percentage points), respectively, compared with working standard 35-40 hours (incidence of new onset risky alcohol use 6.2%). There was no difference in these associations between men and women or by age or socioeconomic groups, geographical regions, sample type (population based v occupational cohort), prevalence of risky alcohol use in the cohort, or sample attrition rate. Conclusions: Individuals whose working hours exceed standard recommendations are more likely to increase their alcohol use to levels that pose a health risk.
256 citations
University College London1, University of Helsinki2, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health3, Harvard University4, Karolinska Institutet5, Stockholm County Council6, University of Edinburgh7, Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health8, University of Düsseldorf9, University of Bristol10, Stockholm University11, RMIT University12, University of Tampere13, Mid Sweden University14, Umeå University15, University of Copenhagen16, University of Turku17, Turku University Hospital18, Uppsala University19, French Institute of Health and Medical Research20
TL;DR: The link between longer working hours and type 2 diabetes was apparent only in individuals in the low socioeconomic status groups and was robust to adjustment for age, sex, obesity, and physical activity.
197 citations
TL;DR: An individual-participant-data meta-analysis of 196 380 males and females from 14 European cohort studies found that job strain, a measure of work-related stress, and incident stroke may be associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke.
Abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Psychosocial stress at work has been proposed to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease However, its role as a risk factor for stroke is uncertain METHODS: We conducted an individual-participant-data meta-analysis of 196 380 males and females from 14 European cohort studies to investigate the association between job strain, a measure of work-related stress, and incident stroke RESULTS: In 18 million person-years at risk (mean follow-up 92 years), 2023 first-time stroke events were recorded The age- and sex-adjusted hazard ratio for job strain relative to no job strain was 124 (95% confidence interval, 105;147) for ischemic stroke, 101 (95% confidence interval, 075;136) for hemorrhagic stroke, and 109 (95% confidence interval, 094;126) for overall stroke The association with ischemic stroke was robust to further adjustment for socioeconomic status CONCLUSION: Job strain may be associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke, but further research is needed to determine whether interventions targeting job strain would reduce stroke risk beyond existing preventive strategies
92 citations
TL;DR: In women, there is a positive association between five-year changes in occupational sitting and BMI, but no association was found in men.
32 citations
TL;DR: Investigation of whether Workplace Health Promotion is available for workers with poor health status or health behaviour and whether they participate in WHP found poor health behaviours and reduced self-rated health were associated with lower availability of several types of WHP and reduced participation.
Abstract: SUMMARY The aim of the current study was to investigate whether Workplace Health Promotion (WHP) is available for workers with poor health status (overweight, musculoskeletal disorders, sickness absence and poor self-rated health) or health behaviour (smoking, poor diet and sedentarism) and whether they participate in WHP. In total, 9835 workers responded to questions regarding availability to 6 different types of WHP through The Danish Work Environment Cohort Study in 2010. Logistic regression analyses adjusted for age, gender and industry were performed to calculate odds ratios for availability and participation of WHP among groups with different health behaviours and health status. In general, poor health behaviours were associated with reduced availability of and participation in WHP. In contrast, poor health status was generally associated with higher availability of WHP and increased participation. However, poor self-rated health was associated with lower availability of several types of WHP and reduced participation. In general, workers with health challenges that are visible to others had WHP available, whereas workers with less visible health challenges had WHP less frequently available. Health challenges visible to others were associated with higher participation in WHP, whereas poor health behaviour and reduced selfrated health were associated with reduced participation in WHP programmes.
19 citations
TL;DR: MUS seem to have a negative effect on labor market participation defined by LTSA and unemployment, whereas it is more uncertain whether MUS affects risk of disability pensioning.
Abstract: Medically Unexplained Symptoms (MUS) are frequently encountered in general practice. However, little is known whether MUS affects labor market participation. We investigated the prospective association between MUS at baseline and risk of long-term sickness absence (LTSA), unemployment, and disability pensioning in a 5-year-follow-up study. In the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study 2005, 8187 randomly selected employees from the Danish general population answered a questionnaire on work and health. Responses were linked with national registers on prescribed medication and hospital treatment. Participants were classified with MUS if they: a) had reported three or more symptoms during the last month, and b) did not have a chronic condition, neither in the self-reported nor the register data. We assessed LTSA, unemployment, and disability pensioning by linking our data with National registers of social transfer payments. Of the 8187 participants, 272 (3.3 %) were categorized with MUS. Compared to healthy participants, participants with MUS had an increased risk of LTSA (Rate ratio (RR) = 1.76, 95 % CI = 1.28–2.42), and of unemployment (RR = 1.48, 95 % CI = 1.02–2.15) during follow-up. MUS participants also showed an elevated RR with regard to risk of disability pensioning, however this association was not statistically significant (RR = 2.06, 95 % CI = 0.77–5.52). MUS seem to have a negative effect on labor market participation defined by LTSA and unemployment, whereas it is more uncertain whether MUS affects risk of disability pensioning.
16 citations
TL;DR: In both genders, the observed associations between depressive symptoms and current employment status were mediated by both current psychosocial conditions and employment history.
Abstract: Purpose
We investigated whether (1) current employment status (regular full-time, regular part-time and marginal employment) is associated with depressive symptoms and (2) whether these associations are mediated by current working conditions and previous employment history.
15 citations
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TL;DR: Individuals whose working hours exceed standard recommendations are more likely to increase their alcohol use to levels that pose a health risk.
Abstract: Objective: To quantify the association between long working hours and alcohol use.Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data. Data sources: A systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases in April 2014 for published studies, supplemented with manual searches. Unpublished individual participant data were obtained from 27 additional studies. Review methods: The search strategy was designed to retrieve cross sectional and prospective studies of the association between long working hours and alcohol use. Summary: estimates were obtained with random effects meta-analysis. Sources of heterogeneity were examined with meta-regression. Results: Cross sectional analysis was based on 61 studies representing 333 693 participants from 14 countries. Prospective analysis was based on 20 studies representing 100 602 participants from nine countries. The pooled maximum adjusted odds ratio for the association between long working hours and alcohol use was 1.11 (95\% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.18) in the cross sectional analysis of published and unpublished data. Odds ratio of new onset risky alcohol use was 1.12 (1.04 to 1.20) in the analysis of prospective published and unpublished data. In the 18 studies with individual participant data it was possible to assess the European Union Working Time Directive, which recommends an upper limit of 48 hours a week. Odds ratios of new onset risky alcohol use for those working 49-54 hours and >=55 hours a week were 1.13 (1.02 to 1.26; adjusted difference in incidence 0.8 percentage points) and 1.12 (1.01 to 1.25; adjusted difference in incidence 0.7 percentage points), respectively, compared with working standard 35-40 hours (incidence of new onset risky alcohol use 6.2\%). There was no difference in these associations between men and women or by age or socioeconomic groups, geographical regions, sample type (population based v occupational cohort), prevalence of risky alcohol use in the cohort, or sample attrition rate.Conclusions Individuals whose working hours exceed standard recommendations are more likely to increase their alcohol use to levels that pose a health risk.
10 citations
TL;DR: In a country with high social security and active labor market policy, employees with the feeling of an insecure job have a modestly increased risk to fill an antihypertensive prescription.
Abstract: Purpose
To determine the effect of job insecurity based on repeated measurements on ischemic heart disease (IHD) and on antihypertensive medication.
10 citations
27 May 2015
TL;DR: In this article, Fulle et al. present eine Uberschlusskriterien für der aktuellen Datenlage zu Arbeit und Gesundheit in Deutschland auf.
Abstract: Fragen zum Zusammenhang von Arbeitsfaktoren einerseits und psychischer und physischer Gesundheit der Beschaftigten andererseits sind in Deutschland aktuell und werden weiter aktuell bleiben. Inzwischen liegt hierzulande eine Reihe von Datensatzen vor, die Daten sowohl zu Arbeit als auch Gesundheit enthalten. Oft allerdings sind sie Wissenschaftler(inne)n, die in diesem Themenfeld tatig sind, nicht bekannt. Ziel des Beitrags ist, diese Datensatze systematisch vorzustellen. Inhalt und Hintergrunddaten umfassender, zuganglicher, aktueller und fur die deutsche Erwerbsbevolkerung reprasentativer Datensatze wurden 13 Hauptkategorien und 97 Unterkategorien zugeordnet. Von 32 Datensatzen erfullten 20 die Einschlusskriterien. 2537 Fragebogenitems wurden klassifiziert; 8 Datensatze haben den Schwerpunkt „Arbeit“, 4 den Schwerpunkt „Gesundheit“, 4 sind allgemeine Bevolkerungsstudien, und 4 sind europaische Studien mit deutschen Teilstichproben. Neben der tabellarischen Auflistung im Artikel steht Interessierten eine detaillierte Exceltabelle zu Verfugung (info-zentrum@baua.bund.de). Die vorliegende Ubersicht zeigt Fulle und auch Potenziale der aktuellen Datenlage zu „Arbeit und Gesundheit“ in Deutschland auf. Potenziale schliesen die Verknupfungen von Datenquellen ein. Es mangelt allerdings noch an landesweiten Kohortenstudien uber das gesamte Altersspektrum des Erwerbsalters mit umfassender Erfassung von Arbeit und Gesundheit. Deren Potenzial fur Wissenschaft und Gesellschaft lasst sich aus Nordamerika, Grosbritannien, den Niederlanden, Skandinavien und Japan ableiten.