Holly A. Swain Ewald

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that accounting for host-gut microbe interactions will improve understanding and management of health inequities, and that health policy must begin to consider the microbiome as an important pathway linking environments to population health.

TL;DR: The information available in the literature does not allow for a definitive assessment of the pervasiveness of infectious cancers in nature, but knowledge about the progression of benign neoplasias to cancer is consistent with a widespread but largely undetected occurrence.

TL;DR: The application of evolutionary and ecological principles to cancer prevention and treatment, as well as recognizing cancer as a selection force in nature, has gained impetus over the last 50 years as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The barrier theory is presented as a first step toward the development of a general evolutionary theory of cancer, and its attributes and implications for intervention are compared with those of other major conceptual frameworks for understanding cancer.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors understand the role of genetic influences on human disease in the context of essential and exacerbating causes, and integrate these aspects of disease causation by clarifying interventions that can prevent, cure, or strongly ameliorate disease.