Showing papers by "Yu Hu published in 2016"

RPUF: Physical Unclonable Function with Randomized Challenge to resist modeling attack

Abstract: The Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) has broad application prospects in the field of hardware security. The strong PUFs with numerous Challenge-Response Pairs (CRPs), such as various arbiter PUFs, mirror current PUF, and voltage transfer PUF, are severely threatened by the machine learning based modeling attacks. To handle this issue, we propose the Physical Unclonable Function with Randomized challenge (RPUF). Challenges are randomized by a Random Number Generator (RNG) before inputting to the strong PUF, so to prevent attackers from collecting effective training set for conducting modeling attacks. Experiments on both simulations and FPGAs prove the effectiveness of RPUF in resisting modeling attack, with negligible effects on uniformity, uniqueness, and reliability.

Body-Earth Mover’s Distance: A Matching-Based Approach for Sleep Posture Recognition

Abstract: Sleep posture is a key component in sleep quality assessment and pressure ulcer prevention. Currently, body pressure analysis has been a popular method for sleep posture recognition. In this paper, a matching-based approach, Body-Earth Mover’s Distance (BEMD), for sleep posture recognition is proposed. BEMD treats pressure images as weighted 2D shapes, and combines EMD and Euclidean distance for similarity measure. Compared with existing work, sleep posture recognition is achieved with posture similarity rather than multiple features for specific postures. A pilot study is performed with 14 persons for six different postures. The experimental results show that the proposed BEMD can achieve 91.21% accuracy, which outperforms the previous method with an improvement of 8.01%.

Optimization of the tumor microenvironment and nanomedicine properties simultaneously to improve tumor therapy.

Abstract: // Bo Zhang 1, * , Wei Shi 1, * , Ting Jiang 1 , Lanting Wang 2, 3 , Heng Mei 1, 4 , Heng Lu 2 , Yu Hu 1, 4 , Zhiqing Pang 2 1 Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China 2 Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 3 School of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China 4 Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China * These authors have contributed equally to this work Correspondence to: Yu Hu, email: dr_huyu@126.com Zhiqing Pang, email: zqpang@fudan.edu.cn Keywords: tumor microenvironment, imatinib mesylate, nanoparticles, micelles, nanomedicine size Received: April 02, 2016 Accepted: August 10, 2016 Published: August 23, 2016 ABSTRACT Effective delivery of nanomedicines to tumor tissues depends on both the tumor microenvironment and nanomedicine properties. Accordingly, tumor microenvironment modification or advanced design of nanomedicine was emerging to improve nanomedicine delivery to tumors. However, few studies have emphasized the necessity to optimize the tumor microenvironment and nanomedicine properties simultaneously to improve tumor treatment. In the present study, imatinib mesylate (IMA) was used to normalize the tumor microenvironment including platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β expression inhibition, tumor vessel normalization, and tumor perfusion improvement as demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, the effect of tumor microenvironment normalization on tumor delivery of nanomedicines with different sizes was carefully investigated. It was shown that IMA treatment significantly reduced the accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) around 110 nm but enhanced the accumulation of micelles around 23 nm by in vivo fluorescence imaging experiment. Furthermore, IMA treatment limited the distribution of NPs inside tumors but increased that of micelles with a more homogeneous pattern. Finally, the anti-tumor efficacy study displayed that IMA pretreatment could significantly increase the therapeutic effects of paclitaxel-loaded micelles. All-together, a new strategy to improve nanomedicine delivery to tumor was provided by optimizing both nanomedicine size and the tumor microenvironment simultaneously, and it will have great potential in clinics for tumor treatment.

Air pollution and venous thrombosis: a meta-analysis.

Abstract: Exposure to air pollution has been linked to cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. However, the effect of air pollution on venous thrombotic disorders is uncertain. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the association between air pollution and venous thrombosis. PubMed, Embase, EBM Reviews, Healthstar, Global Health, Nursing Database, and Web of Science were searched for citations on air pollutants (carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and particulate matters) and venous thrombosis. Using a random-effects model, overall risk estimates were derived for each increment of 10 μg/m3 of pollutant concentration. Of the 485 in-depth reviewed studies, 8 citations, involving approximately 700,000 events, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. All the main air pollutants analyzed were not associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis (OR = 1.005, 95% CI = 0.998–1.012 for PM2.5; OR = 0.995, 95% CI = 0.984–1.007 for PM10; OR = 1.006, 95% CI = 0.994–1.019 for NO2). Based on exposure period and thrombosis location, additional subgroup analyses provided results comparable with those of the overall analyses. There was no evidence of publication bias. Therefore, this meta analysis does not suggest the possible role of air pollution as risk factor for venous thrombosis in general population.

[Epidemiology of febrile neutropenia in patients with hematological disease-a prospective multicentre survey in China].

Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence,clinical and microbiological features of febrile,and risk factors during neutropenia periods in patients with hematological diseases.Methods From October 20,2014 to March 20,2015,consecutive patients who had hematological diseases and developed neutropenia during hospitalization were enrolled in the prospective,multicenter and observational study.Results A total of 784 episodes of febrile occurred in 1 139 neutropenic patients with hematological diseases.The cumulative incidence of febrile was 81.9％ at 21 days after neutropenia.Multivariate analysis suggested that central venous catheterization (P＜0.001,HR=3.407,95％ CI 2.276-4.496),gastrointestinal mucositis (P＜0.001,HR=1 0.548,95％ CI 3.245-28.576),previous exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics within 90 days (P＜0.001,HR=3.582,95％ CI 2.387-5.770) and duration of neutropenia ＞7 days (P＜0.001,HR=4.194,95％ CI 2.572-5.618) were correlated with higher incidence of febrile during neutropenia.With the increase of the risk factors,the incidence of febrile increased gradually (35.4％,69.2％,86.1％,95.6％,P＜0.001).Of 784 febrile cases,253 (32.3％) were unknown origin,429 (54.7％) of clinical documented infections and 102 (13.0％) of microbiological documented infections.The most common sites of infection were pulmonary (49.5％),upper respiratory (16.0％),crissum (9.8％),blood stream (7.7％).The most common pathogens were gram-negative bacteria (44.54％),followed by gram-positive bacteria (37.99％) and fungi (17.47％).There was no significant difference in mortality rates between cases with febrile and cases without febrile (9.2％ vs 4.8％,P=0.099).Multivariate analysis also suggested that ＞40 years old (P=0.047,HR=5.000,95％ CI 0.853-28.013),hemodynamic instability (P=0.001,HR=13.185,95％ CI 2.983-54.915),prior colonization or infection by resistant pathogens (P=0.005,HR=28.734,95％ CI 2.921-313.744),blood stream infection (P=0.038,HR=9.715,95％ CI 1.110-81.969) and pulmonary infection (P=0.031,HR=25.905,95％ CI 1.381-507.006) were correlated with higher mortality rate in cases with febrile.Conclusions Febrile was the common complication during neutropenia periods in patients with hematological disease.There was different distribution of organisms in different sites of infection.Moreove,the duration of neutropenia ＞7 days,central venous catheterization,gastrointestinal mucositis and previous exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics within 90 days were the risk factors for the higher incidence of febrile.

Efficient Attack on Non-linear Current Mirror PUF with Genetic Algorithm

Abstract: Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is a new hardware security primitive that exploits the manufacturing variations of integrated circuits. Traditional arbiter PUF is vulnerable to machine learning based modeling attacks due to its linearity. Current mirror PUF uses non-linear current mirror to bring non-linearity into the challenge-response relationship and is claimed resistant to modeling attacks. This paper further tests its security, and proves that the current mirror PUF is not as secure as claimed. A genetic algorithm based method is proposed to attack the current mirror PUF. By modeling the relationship between the output current and the input current of each current mirror, and fitting the model using genetic algorithm, we are able to predict the responses of current mirror PUF. Experiments prove that the prediction accuracy towards current mirror PUF is up to 99.27%.

POSTER: Attack on Non-Linear Physical Unclonable Function

Abstract: Physical Unclonable Function (PUF) is a promising hardware security primitive with broad application prospect. However, the strong PUF with numerous Challenge and Response Pairs (CRPs), e.g. the arbiter PUF, is vulnerable to modeling attacks. There are two major kinds of countermeasures. One is restricting CRP access interface, such as controlled PUF and XOR arbiter PUF, which unfortunately has been broken with the help of side-channels. The other is using non-linear electronic characteristics to produce CRPs, such as the current mirror PUF and the voltage transfer PUF. They are only proved to be resistant to SVM based attack, while no more analysis is further explored so far. In this paper, we propose an attack method based on compound heuristic algorithms of evolution strategy, simulated annealing, and ant colony to efficiently attack these two non-linear PUFs. This paper reveals that current mirror and voltage transfer are still not able to help strong PUF resist attacks. Our experimental results show that the average CRP prediction accuracy is as high as 99%.

Enhanced Antitumor Activity of EGFP-EGF1-Conjugated Nanoparticles by a Multitargeting Strategy.

Abstract: Tumor stromal cells have been increasingly recognized to interact with tumor parenchyma cells and promote tumor growth. Therefore, we speculated that therapeutics delivery to both parenchyma cells and stromal cells simultaneously might treat a tumor more effectively. Tissue factor (TF) was shown to be extensively located in a tumor and was abundantly sited in both tumor parenchyma cells and stromal cells including neo-vascular cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts, and tumor-associated macrophages, indicating it might function as a favorable target for drug delivery to multiple cell types simultaneously. EGFP-EGF1 is a fusion protein derived from factor VII, the natural ligand of TF. It retains the specific TF binding capability but does not cause coagulation. In the present study, a nanoparticle modified with EGFP-EGF1 (ENP) was constructed as a multitargeting drug delivery system. The protein binding experiment showed EGFP-EGF1 could bind well to A549 tumor cells and other stromal cells including neo-vasc...

Efficacy and Safety of Panobinostat in Relapsed or/and Refractory Multiple Myeloma: Meta Analyses of Clinical Trials and Systematic Review.

Abstract: During the past decades, many novel agents have improved response and survival of patients with multiple myeloma. Nevertheless, it remains challenging when they suffer relapsing. Thus, novel therapeutic agents are needed. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of a novel agent panobinostat for patients with relapsed or/and refractory MM. A systematic literature review identified studies for clinical trials about panobinostat in patients with relapsed or/and refractory MM. We searched studies published between January 2000 and December 2015 in Pubmed, Ovid, EBSCO and the Cochrane library. Random-effect pooled estimates were calculated for overall response rate and rates of common adverse effects. The results showed 11 clinical trials including 700 patients with relapsed or/and refractory MM treated with panobinostat were identified. The ORR varied between 0.08 and 0.67. Pooled analyses showed the results that the ORR was 0.45 (95% CI: 0.31–0.59, I2 = 90.5%, P = 0.000) for panobinostat combined with any other kind of drugs. The most common Grade3/4 adverse effects were thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, anemia, diarrhea, fatigue, nausea and so on. In conclusion, based on our analyses, the regimen of panobinostat combining with other agents seems to be well tolerated and efficacious in patients with relapsed or/and refractory MM.

Rituximab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in Chinese patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in routine practice: a prospective, multicentre, non-interventional study

Abstract: The efficacy and safety of rituximab-based chemotherapy (R-chemo), the standard regimen for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), which is more common in Asia than in Western countries, are well confirmed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). However, the safety and effectiveness of R-chemo in patients who are largely excluded from RCTs have not been well characterized. This real-world study investigated the safety and effectiveness of R-chemo as first-line treatment in Chinese patients with DLBCL. Treatment-naive DLBCL patients who were CD20 positive and eligible to receive R-chemo were enrolled with no specific exclusion criteria. Data collected at baseline included age, gender, disease stage, international prognostic index (IPI), B symptoms, extranodal involvement, performance status, and medical history. In the present study, data on safety, treatment effectiveness, and HBV infection management were collected 120 days after the last R-chemo administration. Overall, R-chemo was well tolerated. The safety profile of R-chemo in patients with a history of heart or liver disease was well described without any additional unexpected safety concerns. The overall response rate (ORR) in the Chinese patients from this study was 94.2 % (complete response [CR], 55.0 %; CR unconfirmed [CRu] 18.2 %; and partial response [PR], 20.9 %). Compared to patients with no history of disease, the CR and PR rates of patients with a history of heart or liver disease were lower and higher, respectively; this tendency could be in part explained by treatment interruptions in patients with heart or liver diseases. HBsAg positivity and a maximum tumor diameter of ≥7.5 cm negatively correlated with CR + CRu, whereas age and HBsAg positivity negatively correlated with CR. This study further validated the safety and effectiveness of R-chemo in Chinese patients with DLBCL. Patients with a history of heart or liver disease may further benefit from R-chemo if preventive measures are taken to reduce hepatic and cardiovascular toxicity. In addition to IPI and tumor diameter, HBsAg positivity could also be a poor prognostic factor for CR in Chinese patients with DLBCL. ClinicalTrials.gov # NCT01340443 , April 20, 2011.

[Efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib in Chinese patients with myelofibrosis: results of a 1-year follow-up of A2202].

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ruxolitinib in Chinese myelofibrosis patients. Methods: This study enrolled 63 Chinese patients(32 males and 31 females)in total, whose median age was 55(25-79)years. The initial dose of ruxolitinib was 30mg/d(25 patients)with a baseline of PLT(100-200)×109/L and 40 mg/d(38 patients)with a baseline of PLT>200×109/L. Spleen volume, quality of life(QOL)and symptoms were evaluated by MRI/CT, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QOL Questionnaire Core 30(EORTC QLQ-C30)and MF Symptom Assessment Form(MFSAF)v2.0 questionnaire. Results: At the time of this analysis(follow-up of 12 months), 47 patients(74.6%)were still receiving treatment, 25 patients(39.7%)achieved ≥35% reduction in spleen volume from baseline. First time to achieve≥35% reduction was 12.71(95% CI 12.14- 35.00)weeks. During the treatment, 85.7%(54 /63)of patients achieved reduction in spleen volume in different extent, the median optimal spleen volume reduction was 35.5% and the median spleen volume reduction was 34.7% at week 48. 53.1%(26/49)of patients achieved ≥50% reduction in spleen volume from baseline in total symptom score and QOL was improved at week 48. The most common hematologic adverse events were anemia and thrombocytopenia, which merely resulted in discontinuation of treatment. Non-hematologic adverse events were almost grade 1/2. Conclusions: These data indicated that ruxolitinib treatment provided durable reductions in spleen volume and improvement in symptoms in Chinese myelofibrosis patients, and the adverse events were tolerated. Clinical trial registration: Novartis pharma(NCT01392443).

Diagnostic application of next-generation sequencing in ZMYM2-FGFR1 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome: A case report.

Abstract: The 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS), also known as 8p11 myeloproliferative neoplasm (8p11 MPN), is a collection of rare hematologic malignancies that are associated with fusion genes involving the tyrosine kinase receptor gene FGFR1 in chromosome 8p11. The entity is an aggressive disease with a high rate of transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and pathologically characterized by its associated eosinophilia. In this study, we reported a distinctive EMS case featuring an in-frame ZMYM2-FGFR1 fusion gene identified by next-generation sequencing technology (NGS). This patient exhibited not only typical EMS signs including elevated white blood cells in peripheral blood and hypercellular bone marrow with marked leukocytosis, but also exceptional characteristics including erythrocytosis in blood and bone marrow basophilia. Moreover, we detected 2 novel genomic mutations in 2 known leukemogenic genes, IKZF1 and ASXL1. Whether these 2 mutations play a part in EMS pathogenesis or contribute to its specific presentations clinically remain to be determined. In summary, we present a unique EMS case involving a ZMYM2-FGFR1 fusion with distinctive hematologic characteristics.

TSocket: Thermal Sustainable Power Budgeting

Abstract: As technology scales, thermal management for multicore architectures becomes a critical challenge due to increasing power density. Existing power budgeting techniques focus on maximizing performance under a given power budget by optimizing the core configurations. In multicore era, a chip-wide power budget, however, is not sufficient to ensure thermal constraints because the thermal sustainable power capacity varies with different threading strategies and core configurations. In this article, we propose two models to dynamically estimate the thermal sustainable power capacity in homogeneous multicore systems: uniform power model and nonuniform power model. These two models convert the thermal effect of threading strategies and core configurations into power capacity, which provide a context-based core power capacity for power budgeting. Based on these models, we introduce a power budgeting framework aiming to improve the performance within thermal constraints, named as TSocket. Compared to the chip-wide power budgeting solution, TSocket shows 19p average performance improvement for the PARSEC benchmarks in single program scenario and up to 11p performance improvement in multiprogram scenario. The performance improvement is achieved by reducing thermal violations and exploring thermal headrooms.

Enhancing touchscreen input via finger identification

Abstract: Though there are various input ways of touch screen such as tap, double tap, gestures and multi-touch operations, input is still limited and inconvenient. In this paper, we present a method to enhance touchscreen-input modality using integrated finger identification system, through which each touch point will be given a new property or meaning by being assigned to a certain finger. It is a highly integrated method for existing display equipment with accuracy recognition performance. In addition, large programmable capacity for customization offers good interactive flexible experiences to users. Results from technical implementation show the accuracy and significantly interactive experiences of the new finger-identification platform.

TeSHoP: A Temperature Sensing based Hotspot-Driven Placement technique for FPGAs

Abstract: The rapid shrinking of the feature size in CMOS technology has significantly increased the power density of integrated circuits, leading to excessive temperature. Though online thermal management techniques such as DVFS and task migration can mitigate the temperature issue, but usually incur significant performance penalty. Therefore, it is crucial to optimize temperature at the design stage. In this work, we propose the TeSHoP, a Temperature Sensing based Hotspot-Driven Placement technique for FPGAs. Firstly, the un-optimized circuit along with a sensor network is run in FPGA to obtain the real temperature profile of the circuit. Then, based on the temperature profile, we proceed a one-off adjustment of the circuit placement for hotspot optimization. The optimization is modeled as a Hyper Minimum Bipartite Matching problem for solving. We implement the whole optimization flow in a real FPGA, with extension of the VTR-to-Bitstream tool. Experimental results on Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA show that the reduction of peak temperature and the improvement of thermal uniformity can be up to 7.5°C and 13.9% respectively.

DCPUF: Placement and Routing Constraint based Dynamically Configured Physical Unclonable Function on FPGA (Abstact Only)

Abstract: With the development of Integrated Circuit (IC), it is a growing trend that the CPU and the FPGA are integrated into one chip. To improve the security of CPU+FPGA IC, we explore the reconfigurable feature of FPGA to implement a novel Dynamically Configured Physical Unclonable Function (DCPUF). PUF is a hardware security primitive that utilizes unpredictable process variations to produce particular challenge-response pairs, so even the chips with the same design would produce different responses for the same challenge. In the DCPUF, the FPGA configuration bits, which are specifically designed with dedicated placement and routing constraint, constitute the challenge. When a challenge is input to a CPU+FPGA IC, the CPU uses it to configure or partially configure the FPGA, and then waits for the FPGA to reply a response. In comparison with existing PUFs, the DCPUF has three major advantages: (1) different from existing PUFs with fixed designs, the logic of DCPUF is dynamically configured for each challenge, i.e. the circuits for producing different responses are different, leading to higher security; (2) much more electronic parameters affected by process variation are leveraged to make DCPUF more robust against attacks; (3) for CPU+FPGA IC, no extra hardware is needed. The experiments on real CPU+FPGA ICs show the proposed DCPUF keeps good randomness and stability.

A genetic analysis of 23 Chinese patients with hemophilia B

Abstract: Hemophilia B (HB) is an X-linked recessive bleeding disorder caused by mutations in the coagulation factor IX (FIX) gene. Genotyping patients with HB is essential for genetic counseling and provides useful information for patient management. In this study, the F9 gene from 23 patients with HB was analyzed by direct sequencing. Nineteen point mutations were identified, including a novel missense variant (c.520G > C, p.Val174Leu) in a patient with severe HB and a previously unreported homozygous missense mutation (c.571C > T, p.Arg191Cys) in a female patient with mild HB. Two large F9 gene deletions with defined breakpoints (g.10413_11363del, g.12163_23369del) were identified in two patients with severe HB using a primer walking strategy followed by sequencing. The flanking regions of the two breakpoints revealed recombination-associated elements (repetitive elements, non-B conformation forming motifs) with a 5-bp microhomology in the breakpoint junction of g.12163_23369del. These findings imply that non-homologous end joining and microhomology-mediated break-induced replication are the putative mechanisms for the deletions of the F9 gene. Because the g.12163_23369del deletion caused exons to be absent without a frameshift mutation occurring, a smaller FIX protein was observed in western blot analyses.

Vehicle-carried quick inspection system

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a vehicle-carried quick inspection system (11). The vehicle-carried quick inspection system may comprise an X-ray source (12) and a detector (13), the X-ray source and the detector being arranged to form an inspection passage. The vehicle-carried quick inspection system further comprises a controller (18) configured to control the X-ray source so that X-ray irradiation dose is extremely low when the driver's cab of the inspected vehicle passes through an X-ray beam, and control the X-ray source so that the irradiation dose of the X-ray source becomes a working dose when the other subsequent portions of the inspected vehicle pass through the X-ray beam. With the vehicle-carried quick inspection system of the present disclosure, a mobile and fully automated security inspection system is obtained and quick inspection can be achieved, while protecting the driver from being damaged from X-ray irradiation. Compared to fixed inspection systems or mobile inspection systems in prior arts, the vehicle-carried quick inspection system of the present disclosure can provide more convenient and quicker inspection.

pSense: An efficient and practical analog-to-information platform using COTS devices

Abstract: A challenge in wireless sensing is to reduce power consumption during data transmission Various methods aim at compressing amounts of data after sampling, which require additional computation energy or hardware In this paper, pSense, a low complexity commercial off-the-shelf based (COTS-based) analog-to-information converter (AIC) platform is presented to minimize power consumption A periodical pseudo-random down-sampling algorithm (PPRS) is employed to reduce energy consumption by controlling sampling numbers and features high scalability Results show pSense can reconstruct signals within acceptable low error levels and having low energy consumptions