Central Agricultural University

About: Central Agricultural University is a education organization based out in Imphal, Manipur, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Agriculture. The organization has 1116 authors who have published 1157 publications receiving 9217 citations.

Cereal crops response to azotobacter - A review

Abstract: Among biofertilisers, Azotobacter is generally used in any non-legume crop. It could give good response to many cereal crops in their growth and development. Azotobacter inoculation enhanced seed germination of rice, maize, wheat, jowar, etc. The nitrogen requirement of cereal crops could be reduced by Azotobacter inoculation.

Effect of Edwardsiella tarda immunization on systemic immune response, mucosal immune response and protection in catla ( Catla catla )

Abstract: The effect of immunization on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses of fish and their possible relation with protection has not been fully assessed. In this study, healthy catla (Catla catla) were immunized against Edwardsiella tarda using two antigenic preparations namely, whole cell bacterin (B) and bacterin mixed with Freund’s complete adjuvant in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio (B+A) followed by a booster dose after 3 weeks of first injection. Different systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses were measured at weekly interval upto 8th week post vaccination (pv). Fish were challenged 8 weeks pv with live E. tarda to study vaccine induced protection. The result showed that although there were strong systemic as well as mucosal immune responses, particularly after booster dose, the challenge produced low to moderate protection in terms of relative percent survival (RPS). The maximum RPS (50 %) was recorded in the adjuvanted bacterin group after 8 weeks pv. Low to moderate protection after challenge, which may be attributed to the intracellular nature of E. tarda and/or use of crude antigenic preparation, accounts for new strategy to be developed for immunization programme against such intracellular pathogen. The results collectively suggest possible involvement of systemic as well as mucosal immune responses in inducing protective immunity in catla.

Multiple change point estimation of trends in Covid-19 infections and deaths in India as compared with WHO regions.

Abstract: The present study aims at estimating the multiple change points for the time series data of COVID-19 confirmed cases and deaths and trend estimation within the estimated multiple change points (MCP) in India as compared with WHO regions. The data were described using descriptive statistical measures, and for the estimation of change point's E-divisive procedure was employed. Further, the trend within the estimated change points was tested using Sen's slope and Mann Kendal tests. India, along with the African Region, American region, and South East Asia regions experienced a significant surge in the fresh cases up to the 5th Change point. Among the WHO regions, The American region was the worst hit by the pandemic in case of fresh cases and deaths. While the European region experienced an early negative trend of fresh cases during the 3rd and 4th change point, but later the situation reversed by the 5th (7th July 2020) and 6th (6th August 2020) change point. The trend of deaths in India and the South-East Asia Region was similar, and global deaths had a negative trend from the 4th (17th May 2020) Change point onwards. The change points were estimated with prefixed significance level α < 0.002. Infections and deaths were positively significant for India and SEARO region across change points. Infection was significant at every 30 days interval across other WHO regions, and any delay in the infections was due to the interventions. The European region is expected to have a second wave of positive infections during the 5th and 6th change points though the early two change points were negatively significant. The study highlights the efficacy of change point analysis in understanding the dynamics of covid-19 cases in India and across the world. It further helps to develop effective public health strategies.

The potentiality of rice microsatellite markers in assessment of cross-species transferability and genetic diversity of rice and its wild relatives

Abstract: The main aim of this study is to assess the potentiality of SSR markers for the identification of the cross-species transferability frequency in a large set of the diverse genome types of wild relative rice along with cultivated rice. Here, we used 18 different rice genotypes representing nine different genome types with 70 SSR markers to investigate the potentiality of cross-species transferability rate. The overall cross-species transferability of SSR markers across the 18 rice genotypes ranged from 38.9% (RM280 and RM447) to 100% (RM490, RM318, RM279, RM18877 and RM20033, RM19303) with an average of 76.58%. Also, cross-species transferability across chromosome ranged from 54.4% (chromosome 4) to 86.5% (chromosome 2) with an average of 74.35%. The polymorphism information content of the markers varied from 0.198 (RM263) to 0.868 (RM510) with a mean of 0.549 ± 0.153, showing high discriminatory power. The highest rate of cross-transferability was observed in O. rufipogon (97%), The highest rate of cross-species transferability was in O. rufipogon (97.00%), followed by O. glaberrima (94.20%), O. nivara (92.80%), Swarna (92.80%), O. longistaminata (91.40%), O. eichingeri (90%), O. barthii (88.50%), O. alta (82.80%), O. australiensis (77.10%), O. grandiglumis (74.20%), O. officinalis (74.20%), Zizania latifolia (70.00%), O. latifolia (68.50%), O. brachyantha (62.80%), Leersia perrieri (57.10%) and O. ridleyi (41.40%) with least in O. coarctata (28.50%). A total of 341 alleles from 70 loci were detected with the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 12. Based on dendrogram analysis, the AA genome groups was separated as distinct group from the rest of the genome types. Similarly, principal coordinate analysis and structure analysis clearly separated the AA genome type from the rest of the genome types. Through the analysis of molecular variance, more variance (51%) was observed among the individual, whereas less (14%) was observed among the population. Thus, our findings may offer a valuable resource for studying the genetic diversity and relationship to facilitate the understanding of the complex mechanism of the origin and evolutionary processes of different Oryza species and wild relative rice.

Role of Livestock Sector in Sustainable Livelihood Security in Bihar: Status and Opportunities

Abstract: The Livestock Revolution is expected to make a significant contribution towards livelihood security and reducing rural poverty. The rural poor have little access to land and thus there are limited opportunities for them in crop production. On the other hand, livestock wealth is more equitably distributed compared to land, and the expanding demand for animal food products generates significant opportunities for the poor in overcoming poverty through diversifying and intensifying livestock production. Keeping in view the above fact, a survey was conducted in 2006-07 to assess the livestock scenario in Bihar with the help of Sanjay Gandhi Institute of Dairy Technology, Patna to assess the livestock scenario in Bihar. Altogether 9 districts namely, Muzaffarpur, East Champaran, Purnia, Katihar, Banka, Jamui, Gaya, Aurangabad and Patna representing all the agro-climatic zones of Bihar. Survey revealed that the dairy contributed, on an average, about 22.39 percent to total household income in sample villages which was next only to crop production. It was found that livestock besides providing income to landless and marginal farmers also contributes significantly to their income in term of imputed wage of family labour. Findings also indicate that per capita availability of animal protein in the state is about 58 % in case of milk, 54 % in meat and one-fourth in eggs when compared to their respective availability at national level. Survey revealed that private practitioners played a major role in maintenance of general health and management of livestock. Public Animal Health Centres were the second most utilized source for health care services, particularly on medium and large farm households. Dairy sector generated annual per household employment of 831 hrs and goatry provided annual employment of 736 hrs for family members.