Central Agricultural University

About: Central Agricultural University is a education organization based out in Imphal, Manipur, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Agriculture. The organization has 1116 authors who have published 1157 publications receiving 9217 citations.

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for ‘Yield Contributing’ Traits in Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.)

Abstract: Character association studies will help to assess the relationship among the yield and its components for enhancing the usefulness of the selection. In view of this, the present research work was carried out to assess the correlation coefficient and path analysis among twenty five maize genotypes using eleven quantitative parameters. Correlation studies indicated that plant height (cm), ear height (cm), ear length (cm), ear girth (cm), number of kernel rows per ear, number of kernels per row showed significant positive association with grain yield (Kg/ha) as well as among themselves at phenotypic and genotypic level. Hence, selection for any one of these characters would bring in simultaneous improvement of other characters and also finally improvement in grain yield (kg/ha). Path coefficient analysis revealed that the highest positive direct effects on grain yield was exhibited by days to 75% tasseling, ear length, days to 75% brown husk, ear height and ear Original Research Article Singh et al.; CJAST, 39(25): 91-99, 2020; Article no.CJAST.60092 92 girth. Therefore, present investigation could be helpful in a reliable selection of parental lines based on the above given traits as well as for the development of high yielding verities for further breeding programs.

Chemical-Mediated Alteration of Antibiotics

Abstract: Bacteria have evolved resistance mechanisms against currently available antibiotics. They have acquired resistance by mutating and altering the target sites, gene transfer, or chemical structure of antibiotics, etc. Chemical alteration of antibiotic is facilitated with the help of enzymes. These enzymes can alter the structure of different classes of antibiotics without affecting the other metabolic functions of bacteria. Therefore, by using such chemical device, bacteria can cope up with currently available antibiotics and threatened the world with deadly disease. In this regard, current chapter will highlight different enzymes that are employed by bacteria to alter the properties of antibiotics.

General and specific combining ability analysis for yield and yield contributing characters in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Abstract: The present study was undertaken to analyse the nature of gene action involved in the inheritance of seed yield and its components using F1s of 7 parents half- diallel cross. The 7 parents and 21 hybrids were planted in a randomized block design with three replications during summer 2016. General combining ability and specific combining ability were estimated for 12 characters viz.. days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length, pod yield per plant, shelling %, kernel yield per plant, 100 kernel weight, oil content and haulm yield per plant. The genetic analysis was done following Griffing’s Method II with Model I (1956). Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that GCA and SCA were highly significant for all the characters under study in F1 generation. This suggested the importance of both additive and non-additive gene effects in the inheritance of traits under study. However, the estimates of variance due to SCA is greater than variance due to GCA for all the characters involved in the study indicating the predominance of non-additive gene action in controlling the expression of all the traits involved in the study.

Molecular detection and characterization of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus from a natural outbreak in wild pigs, Mizoram, India.

Abstract: This study reports for the first time a natural outbreak of highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (HP-PRRS) caused by HP-PRRS virus (HP-PRRSV) in wild pigs characterized by sudden onset of depression, anorexia, respiratory distress, and high fever. The disease has caused severe haemorrhagic pneumonia, haemorrhagic lymphadenitis, enlarged spleen with areas of infarction, and petechial haemorrhages on the myocardium and on the surface of kidneys. HP-PRRSV was detected in representative tissue samples by reverse transcription-PCR, and the field strain was isolated in the MA104 cell line. The phylogenetic analyses based on the whole genome sequences and nucleotide sequences of open reading frame 5 (ORF5) gene showed close grouping with the subtype IV of lineage 8/8.7 of PRRSV II, which represents the HP-PRRSV strains that predominate in the pig population of China since 2010. The amino acid sequence analysis of the ORF5 gene revealed the replacement of leucine (L) at position 39 to isoleucine (I) in the primary neutralizing epitope. Among the four potential N glycosylation sites, the N34 was mutated and found to be restricted to only three N glycosylation sites. The present findings have indicated that HP-PRRSV can cause fatal outbreaks and may emerge as a major threat to the wild pig population.

Characterisation of Porcine Enteropathogenic Escherichia Coli Isolated in Northeastern India.

Abstract: Introduction Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is one of the main pathotypes causing gastroenteritis, particularly in young immunocompromised hosts. The study reports the prevalence, characterisation, and molecular epidemiology of EPEC from piglets in northeastern India. Material and methods A total of 457 faecal samples were collected, from which 1,286 E. coli strains were isolated and screened by PCR. The resultant EPEC strains were serotyped and phenotypically characterised for resistance against 15 antimicrobials. Also, the phylogenetic sequence was analysed for 11 selected strains. Results A total of 42 strains (3.26%) belonged to atypical EPEC, of which, 15 (35.71%, and 2.29% of the 654 strains from this farm type) were isolated from organised and 27 (64.29%, and 4.27% of the 632 strains from this farm type) from unorganised farms; further, 5 (11.90% of the EPEC strains and 1.51% of the 330 strains from this breed) were isolated from the indigenous breeds and 37 (88.10%, and 3.87% of the 956 strains from this breed) from crossbred piglets. Serogroups O111 (11.9%) and O118 (7.14%) were the most prevalent of the 10 present. Sequence analysis of a length of the eaeA gene of 11 isolates of the region showed them to have 100% homology with each other and their identity ranged from 99.4% to 99.7% with GenBank reference sequences. All the EPEC isolates were multi-drug resistant, showing the highest resistance to amoxicillin (80.9%) and cephalexin (76.19%). Conclusion The study highlighted the association of EPEC with piglet's diarrhoea in northeastern India. EPEC isolates belonged to many serotypes and phenotypically all were multi-drug resistant with close genetic homology.