Central Agricultural University

About: Central Agricultural University is a education organization based out in Imphal, Manipur, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Agriculture. The organization has 1116 authors who have published 1157 publications receiving 9217 citations.

Estudios Morfológicos y Anatómicos Aplicados en la Cabeza de Cerdo Local Mizo (Zovawk) de Mizoram

Abstract: Zovawk is newly identified breed of pig of Mizoram approved by breed registration committee of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi. This study was designed to provide maximum number of morphometrical parameters of skull and some valuable information on clinically important parameters of Zovawk. The skull of the Zovawk was dolichocephalic according to the cephalic index (53.56 ±0.11). The supraorbital foramina distance, infraorbital foramina distance, skull length, skull width, cranial length and nasal length of the Zovawk were 3.49 ±0.01 cm, 6.55 ±0.01 cm, 28.26 ±0.03 cm, 15.11 ±0.26 cm, 13.17 ±0.04 cm and 13.79±0.02 cm, respectively. The orbital margins were found to be incomplete with bilateral variation among the orbits of both the sides. The distance from the process of alveolar socket of canine tooth to the infraorbital canal and from the latter to the ro ot of the fourth upper premolar alveolar tooth directly ventral to it was 4.77 ±0.04 cm and 1.20 ±0.01 cm, respectively in Zovawk. The data are of clinical importance as a guide for tracking the infra-orbital nerve, and necessary for its desensitization during the manipulations in t he skin of the upper lip, nostril and face at the level of the foramen. The distance between the lateral end of the alveolus of the third inci sor tooth to the mental foramen was 3.57 ±0.04 cm in Zovawk, which is an important landmark for achieving the location of the mental nerve for the regional nerve block Zovawk. The length and height of the mandible were 25.02 ±0.09 cm and 10.54 ±0.07 cm, respectively in Zovawk. The morphometric measurements of the skull and applied anatomy of the head region of the Zovawk provide an important baseline d ata for further research in the field of applied anatomy.

Private Approaches to Extension and Advisory Services: A Historical Analysis

Abstract: This chapter presents a historical analysis of private approaches to extension. It reviews the trends that have contributed to the development of the private extension systems in developing countries. Issues related to the demand-driven nature of decentralized private extension approaches, and the substitutability and complementarity of private extension with public extension systems are reviewed. Finally, we examine the challenges facing the development and expansion of the private extension systems in developing countries.

Sustainability status of Indian states: Application and assessment of MCDM frameworks

Abstract: The evidence of UNDESA framework of sustainability assessment in MCDM paradigm is scarce generically and particularly, the status of sustainability of Indian states has never been assessed in accordance with UNDESA 2007 framework This paper is an attempt to explore the paradigm of Multi-criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Methods in construction of sustainability index To do so, we have used methods namely, Simple Additive Weighted Sum (SAWM), ELECTRE II, TOPSIS, PROMETHEE on the United Nations CSD indicators framework to evaluate the sustainability status of different states of India, which is among the fastest growing countries of todays world We also try to understand the relative stability and distributional property of sustainability ranks obtained by different states The ranks obtained by the different Methods are found to be relatively stable in comparative aspect This implies that the choice of method does not make a big difference if the policy makers are interested for a group of entities to reward the superiors and support the laggards On the other hand, a comprehensible and tractable method can be recommended for policy practice instead of less comprehensible one Of course, use of a compendium of MCDM methods is always preferable for robustness analysis in decision-analytic aspect

Can mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectroscopy evaluate soil conditions by predicting soil biological properties?

Abstract: A massive suite of dimensions demonstrating the biological properties of soils is required to significantly quantify the holistic view of soil conditions. The value of measuring the full suite of soil conditions with conventional methods will be too costly. We reviewed the skill of mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS) to predict numerous soil biological properties. Results coupled with partial least square regression (PLSR) revealed that mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (MIRS) could predict biological activities like soil microbial biomass, soil enzymes, soil respiration, Q10 and others. Based on calibration errors relative to the mean analyte values, the results for biological properties measures are as good as those found in soil chemical and physical capability. The MIR spectroscopy can be utilized to create adjustments for exact determination of compositional boundaries, for example, C and total N, while for soil biological properties, for example, enzyme activities, more effort is necessary to characterize the constraints and usefulness of MIR spectroscopy. Overall, it tends to be utilized in situations where the highest accuracy is not essential. We concluded, that MIR spectroscopy seems to produce more precise calibration for the confirmation of biological properties in soils and be less influenced by sample diversity for some analytes.