Central Agricultural University

About: Central Agricultural University is a education organization based out in Imphal, Manipur, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Agriculture. The organization has 1116 authors who have published 1157 publications receiving 9217 citations.

Genomics in clinical care through precision medicine and personalized treatments

Abstract: Science is changing from day to day very rapidly. Understanding the crucial events of the biologic system is of paramount importance, governed by the genetic architecture of individual organisms, so far as the genetic code is concerned. “Genomics” is an innovative area of research that paves not only the way for individualized therapies tailored to each person, but also identification and eradicative measures of specific patients who are at high risk of certain abnormalities. Accessing the genetic code of a person could provide tremendous information about the diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy at a lower cost not only at the individual level but at the level of race and ethnicity. Innovation in high-throughput technology for genetic analysis, storage of these data, and the use of complex algorithms could accelerate the precision medicine and personalized treatments. Since the Human Genome Project the implications of the genomics field have progressed to a large extent. New initiatives are being taken by the National Institute of Health, putting particular emphasis on the genetic variations of individuals with a more appropriate context to understanding cancer therapeutics and resistance. Significant cohort studies and clinical trials have elucidated outstanding results, which makes it transparent that the field is a benefaction and boon to the current era. Owing to the inherent computational challenge, integrating genomic and clinical data by studying the genotype–phenotype association is a breakthrough in understanding the genetic basis of drug response and disease severity. There is no doubt that the genomics field enabled a significance advancement in the medical field starting from therapeutic development, healthcare delivery, and population health management, which provides a tremendous impact on the national economy so far as the reduction in disease cost and information industry setup is concerned. Although a country like Australia has shown itself as a significant hub, there is a search for a more substantial infrastructure and massive funding in developing countries like India. In this review the authors are focused on genomics in clinical care through precision medicine and personalized treatments.

Application of GPS and GNSS technology in geosciences

Abstract: Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global navigational satellite system developed by the United States Department of Defense. This technology is available only with America, Russia (GLONASS), China (BeiDou), and Japan (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System). In this, the navigation systems of America and Russia are global, while countries like China and Japan are using it regionally. The European Union has also completed preparations to start its navigation system. In terms of surveying, mapping technology, and engineering construction, it is used not only in the establishment of Earth control networks but also in the establishment of land and ocean geodetic survey benchmarks. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) framework is one of the four major positioning systems, mainly GPS, GLONASS, GNS, and BeiDou, in the world. This chapter describes the application of GPS and GNSS Technology in Geosciences like rescue and relief projects, agriculture, dynamic observation, time transmission, speed measurement, vehicle guidance, and other fields.

Optical temperature sensing by tuning photoluminescence in wide (visible to NIR) wavelength range in Eu3+-doped relaxor ferroelectric

Abstract: The prevalent material design principles for optical thermometry primarily rely on thermally driven changes in the relative intensities of the thermally coupled levels (TCLs) of rare-earth-doped phosphor materials, where the maximum achievable sensitivity is limited by the energy gap between the TCLs. In this work, a new, to the best of our knowledge, approach to thermometric material design is proposed, which is based on temperature tuning of PL emission from the visible to the NIR region. We demonstrate a model ferroelectric phosphor, Eu3+-doped 0.94(Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3)-0.06(BaTiO3) (NBT-6BT), which, by virtue of the contrasting effects of temperature on PL signals from the host and Eu3+ intraband transitions, can achieve a relative thermal sensitivity as high as 3.05% K-1. This model system provides a promising alternative route for developing self-referencing optical thermometers with high thermal sensitivity and good signal discriminability.

Relative efficacy of fungicides against fusarial sheath rot of rice under in vitro and in vivo conditions

Abstract: The ability of 7 fungicides, Bavistin [carbendazim], Benlate [benomyl], Blitox-50 [copper oxychloride], Dithane M-45 [mancozeb], Foltaf [captafol], Kitazin [iprobenfos] and Topsin-M [thiophanate-methyl], to control fusarial sheath rot of rice causedby Fusarium graminearum [Gibberella zeae], F. moniliforme [G. fujikuroi] and F. avenaceum [G. avenacea] was determined. Bavistin, Benlate and Dithane M-45 were the most effective fungicides in vitro, totally inhibiting growth of all 3 fungi. Kitazin inhibited growth of G. avenacea and G. zeae and Topsin-M inhibited growth of G. fujikuroi. Foltaf inhibited growth of G. zeae. In vivo, rice plants sprayed with Bavistin and Dithane M-45 recorded no disease in a 3 year trial. These treatments also increasedthe yield. Treatment with Benlate resulted in no disease in the first 2 years of the trial, but resulted in 16.6% disease in the third year. Kitazin was the least effective fungicide in vitro and in vivo.

Reproductive Morbidities and Treatment Seeking Behaviour among Rural Women in Manipur-Community Based Study

Abstract: Reproductive morbidity is a public health problem that affects the health and well being of women’s life around the world. The magnitude of reproductive problems of women both at national and global is high. In this paper, an attempt was made to assess the self reported reproductive morbidities, treatment seeking behavior and factors influencing reproductive health among two communities of women in Manipur. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from two hundred fifty women in the age group of 18 to 40 years by using in-depth interview and focus discussion methods. Analysis revealed that a large number of women (71.6%) had at least one or two kinds of reproductive health problems. The predominant reproductive health problems reported by the respondents were menstrual related problems (53%), urinary tract infection (51%) and white discharge with bad odour and itching (41%). Prevalence of unintended pregnancy was found among 24 per cent of the selected respondents. Income, standard of living, abortion history, number of pregnancy and number of living children have significant factors influencing reproductive health of the respondents. Treatment seeking behavior was poor as they are not aware about the Original Research Article Aimol and Phukan; CJAST, 40(3): 74-83, 2021; Article no.CJAST.65828 75 consequences of reproductive ill health. Further, higher proportions of the tribal women reported symptoms of reproductive health problem compared to the non-tribal. The study felt the need to provide information on effect of reproductive health problems through awareness camp at village level in order to increase knowledge and practices of good reproductive health of women.