Chittagong Medical College Hospital

About: Chittagong Medical College Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Malaria. The organization has 676 authors who have published 601 publications receiving 7040 citations.

Prevalence and Pattern of Birth Defects among Pediatric Surgical Patients: A 12-Year Analysis in a Tertiary-level Government Hospital in Bangladesh

Abstract: Aims: Birth defects are structural or functional abnormalities which occur during the intrauterine life but can be identified at birth or a later age. Birth defects are major public health concerns and the World Health organization (WHO) is supporting countries for earlier diagnosis and better treatment of these conditions. The aim of the study was to assess the hospital-based prevalence and types of birth defects among the surgical children from a part of the world where these are underreported. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients of birth defects admitted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chattogram Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh for a period of 12 years (2008-2019). Data were extracted from annual admission reports, annual audits, mortality and morbidity audits, death registers and computerize data base. Yearly distribution of birth defects, type of defects and their systemic distribution and mortality were analyzed. Original Research Article Chowdhury et al.; AJMAH, 18(9): 84-93, 2020; Article no.AJMAH.60353 85 Results: Among a total of 30,301 admitted patients 30.72% (9307 patients) had birth defects. The most common system involved with birth defects was gastrointestinal (GI) system, 30.61% followed by genitourinary (GU), 29.15% system. Congenital inguinal hernia (17.50%) was the most common disease, followed by hypospadias (14.54%) and anorectal malformation (ARM); 13.98%. Mortality from birth defects were 53.25% of all mortalities. ARM was the most common cause of death (23%), followed by gastroschisis (16%) and intestinal atresia (11%). Highest mortality rates were in tracheo-esophageal fistula/esophageal atresia (TEF/EA)83.33%, gastroschisis-80.92%; intestinal atresia-42.53%; omphalocele-32.48%; and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH)27.78%. Conclusion: Pattern of birth defects and outcome varied from other countries. The prevalence is 31% among pediatric surgical admissions. Some conditions have extremely high mortality rates and need better management.

Comparison of Socio-economic and Health Status in Rural Primary School Students: A Case of Bangladesh

Abstract: Objective: Although Bangladesh is rapidly gaining economic development, education and health related indices are not equally developed in all parts of the country. The objective of the study was to compare the socio-economic and health status of students in public and private primary schools. Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted among 99 public and 128 private primary school children during 2018. Two public and two private primary schools were selected purposively from 2 villages of Chandpur. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: public primary school students and private primary school students. During a ‘free health check-up and treatment program’, guardians were asked to participate in the study. After taking informed written consent, students and guardians were asked about demographic, socioeconomic (such as, education, occupation, Original Research Article Farooq et al.; AJPR, 4(2): 27-36, 2020; Article no.AJPR.59677 28 monthly income), and health related factors (such as, antenatal checkup, mode of delivery, immunization, deworming); then, anthropometric measurements (height, weight) and physical examinations of the children were done. Comparison was done between groups. Results: On socioeconomic status, monthly family income was more and paternal education was higher in private-school students than the public-school students. On health indices, antenatal care (ANC), Caesarian section (CS), living standard, use of sanitary latrine, and nutritional status of private school students were significantly better than public-school students. However, Public school students had higher deworming rate. Conclusion: Students in private schools had better socio-economic and health status in Bangladesh. Health-related indices are comparable to national parameters. It is recommended that socio-economic and education status needs further improvements for sustainable health and wellbeing.

The way through empowerment of medical toxicology in bangladesh

Abstract: 160 * Correspondence to: Abdullah Abu Sayeed, MD, MBBS, BCS. Assistant Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College and hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh. Tel: +88 031 617 986, E-mail: abdullahdr25@yahoo.com Received 7 September 2013; Accepted 28 September 2013 compound poisoning and methanol poisoning. Providing scholarship for post-graduate training and develop local research agenda and also multicenter trials will be other sensible options to improve medical toxicology (3). One of the most important and essential element for proper management of poisoning is analytical toxicology which is virtually non-existent in least developed countries like Bangladesh. All governments of the region should be urged for improving diagnosis, management and prevention of poisoning considering its enormous public health importance especially among the rural farming communities.

Role of Naked Eye Single Tube Red Cell Osmotic Fragility Test (NESTROFT) in Detecting Beta-Thalassemia Trait

Abstract: Thalassemia is one of the commonest inherited diseases in Bangladesh. The birth of a thalassemic child places considerable strain, not only on the affected child and its family but also on the community and the nation at large. To reduce the burden of the society and to reduce the disease incidence by providing genetic counseling, detection of carrier is important. The present study evaluates the role of ‘Naked Eye Single Tube Red Cell Osmotic Fragility Test’ (NESTROFT) in detecting s-thalassemia trait. The current study is a cross sectional study done during the period of September 2008 to August 2009. The study subjects were sibs, parents and relatives of thalassemia patients of age more than 1 year attending Pediatric department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. Sample size was 50. Here subjects with lowered osmotic fragility test were detected and later on Hb- electrophoresis was done. All the data were recorded and analyzed by SPSS programme. The Sensitivity, Specificity and predictive value of positive and negative tests were computed and they were 92.6%, 80%, 92.6% and 80% respectively. False positive cases were found. The present study found NESTROFT to be both sensitive and reasonably specific and of high negative predictive value. However, multicenter study with large sample is needed to recommend NESTROFT as a single screening test for detection of s-thalassemia trait. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2018; 36(4): 145-152

Patients with Left Ventricular (LV) Dysfunction: Is OPCAB Advantageous over Conventional CABG in our settings?

Abstract: Objective: Off-pump CABG (OPCAB) is a well established surgical procedure in Bangladesh now. Majority of Bangladeshi patients having CABG are undergoing OPCAB procedures these days. Patients with left ventricular dysfunction are known to be particularly at risk of complications after surgical coronary revascularization. Off-pump procedure can be considered in these patients, avoiding the potentially damaging effect of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Patients with left ventricular dysfunction are thus thought to be ideal OPCAB candidates. This study is undertaken to check the advantage of OPCAB over conventional CABG of Bangladeshi patients with left ventricular dysfunction. Methods: This is a prospective clinical trial done in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka during the period of January 2006 to Dec 2007. Among the 52 patients 26 patients underwent OPCAB with preoperative ejection fraction (EF) 35.2±3.2% and rest 26 patients had conventional bypass (CCABG) with preoperative EF 33.4±3.8%. Different variables were evaluated and compared. Echocardiography was used both pre and postoperatively to assess the LVEF, LVIDd and LVIDs and regional wall motion abnormality and to assess the presence or absence of ischemia or infarction. Data were collected by interview schedule and checklist. Data were analyzed by standard statistical methods. Results: In this small series of patients with left ventricular dysfunction, off-pump CABG was carried out with good early outcome; with low mortality and morbidity and significant improvement in postoperative left ventricular function. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of change in EF, LVIDd and LVIDs. Conclusion: From this study it can be concluded that both the surgical strategies improved the myocardial function and early outcome in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. However OPCAB surgery has a somewhat better result regarding ventilation time and ICU stay. Thus both OPCAB and on pump surgery can be performed safely and effectively in patients with left ventricular dysfunction with good results and low mortality. Keywords: Left ventricular function; CABG; OPCAB DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v3i2.9181 Cardiovasc. J. 2011; 3(2): 131-135