Chittagong Medical College Hospital

About: Chittagong Medical College Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Chittagong, Bangladesh. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Malaria. The organization has 676 authors who have published 601 publications receiving 7040 citations.

Can we measure cognitive constructs consistently within and across cultures? Evidence from a test battery in Bangladesh, Ghana, and Tanzania

Abstract: We developed a test battery for use among children in Bangladesh, Ghana, and Tanzania, assessing general intelligence, executive functioning, and school achievement. The instruments were drawn from previously published materials and tests. The instruments were adapted and translated in a systematic way to meet the needs of the three assessment contexts. The instruments were administered by a total of 43 trained assessors to 786 children in Bangladesh, Ghana, and Tanzania with a mean age of about 13 years (range: 7-18 years). The battery provides a psychometrically solid basis for evaluating intervention studies in multiple settings. Within-group variation was adequate in each group. The expected positive correlations between test performance and age were found and reliability indices yielded adequate values. A confirmatory factor analysis (not including the literacy and numeracy tests) showed a good fit for a model, merging the intelligence and executive tests in a single factor labeled general intelligence. Measurement weights invariance was found, supporting conceptual equivalence across the three country groups, but not supporting full score comparability across the three countries.

Clinicopathological study of sinonasal masses

Abstract: Objective: To observe the incidence, clinical presentation and to perform comparative study of different sinonasal masses. Study design: Prospective study. Setting: Department of otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery & ENT OPD of Chittagong Medical College Hospital. Patients & methods: 50 patients are included in this study (39 male & 11 female) between the ages of 3 years and 80 years who were treated between August 2006 to January 2007. Study based on history, clinical, radiological, laboratory and histopathological examination. Results: Mean age for male was 35.12 years and for female was 22.63 years. Male to female ratio was 3.5:1. Highest frequency was noted in second decade. Most of patient (78%) were from poor class. Frequency of inflammatory nasal masses were more in second decade, benign tumour in fourth and fifth decade, malignant tumour in second decade (OAN & NHL) and fifth and second decades (others). Rhinosporidiosis were most frequent inflammatory nasal masses. Nasal obstruction was the commonest and orbitus symptoms were less frequent symptoms. But orbital symptoms were more prevalent in malignant lesion. Conclusion: sinonasal masses are found in all age group. Rhinosporidiosis are appearing to be the commonest nasal masses. The prevalence of nasal polyp is also high. Among the malignant sinonasal masses the percentage of squamous cell carcinoma is high. DOI: 10.3329/bjo.v16i1.5776 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2010; 16(1): 15-22

Rapid Diagnosis of Active Tuberculosis by Detecting Antibodies from Lymphocyte Secretions

Abstract: In the present study, we investigated the tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic performance of an assay on the basis of detection of TB-specific antibodies from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), to determine whether antibodies in lymphocyte secretions obtained from PBMCs would better reflect active disease than antibodies in serum. PBMCs from patients with and without TB cultured in various concentrations for different times were assessed. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) specific for antigen (bacille Calmette-Guerin [BCG] vaccine and purified protein derivative [PPD]) was measured in lymphocyte secretions. Patients with active TB had higher BCG- or PPD-specific IgG antibody responses than patients without TB or healthy subjects (P=.001). This method can be used as a quick diagnostic aid to facilitate rapid detection of TB cases.

International Study of the Epidemiology of Paediatric Trauma: PAPSA Research Study

Abstract: Trauma is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The literature on paediatric trauma epidemiology in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited. This study aims to gather epidemiological data on paediatric trauma. This is a multicentre prospective cohort study of paediatric trauma admissions, over 1 month, from 15 paediatric surgery centres in 11 countries. Epidemiology, mechanism of injury, injuries sustained, management, morbidity and mortality data were recorded. Statistical analysis compared LMICs and high-income countries (HICs). There were 1377 paediatric trauma admissions over 31 days; 1295 admissions across ten LMIC centres and 84 admissions across five HIC centres. Median number of admissions per centre was 15 in HICs and 43 in LMICs. Mean age was 7 years, and 62% were boys. Common mechanisms included road traffic accidents (41%), falls (41%) and interpersonal violence (11%). Frequent injuries were lacerations, fractures, head injuries and burns. Intra-abdominal and intra-thoracic injuries accounted for 3 and 2% of injuries. The mechanisms and injuries sustained differed significantly between HICs and LMICs. Median length of stay was 1 day and 19% required an operative intervention; this did not differ significantly between HICs and LMICs. No mortality and morbidity was reported from HICs. In LMICs, in-hospital morbidity was 4.0% and mortality was 0.8%. The spectrum of paediatric trauma varies significantly, with different injury mechanisms and patterns in LMICs. Healthcare structure, access to paediatric surgery and trauma prevention strategies may account for these differences. Trauma registries are needed in LMICs for future research and to inform local policy.

Malarial retinopathy in Bangladeshi adults.

Abstract: To establish if assessment of malarial retinopathy in adult malaria using ophthalmoscopy by non-ophthalmologists has clinical and prognostic significance, 210 Bangladeshi adults were assessed by both direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy; 20 of 20 healthy subjects and 20 of 20 patients with vivax malaria showed no retinal changes, whereas in patients with falciparum malaria, indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed malarial retinopathy (predominantly retinal hemorrhages) in 18 of 21 (86%) fatal, 31 of 75 (41%) cerebral, 16 of 64 (25%) non-cerebral but severe, and 1 of 31 (3%) uncomplicated cases. Direct ophthalmoscopy missed retinopathy in one of these cases and found fewer retinal hemorrhages (mean difference = 3.09; 95% confidence interval = 1.50–4.68; P < 0.0001). Severity of retinopathy increased with severity of disease (P for trend < 0.0001), and renal failure, acidosis, and moderate/severe retinopathy were independent predictors of mortality by both ophthalmoscopic techniques. Direct ophthalmoscopy by non-ophthalmologists is an important clinical tool to aid diagnosis and prognosis in adults with severe malaria, and indirect ophthalmoscopy by non-ophthalmologists, although more sensitive, provides minimal additional prognostic information.