Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón

About: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón is a healthcare organization based out in Madrid, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 11975 authors who have published 12386 publications receiving 244847 citations.

Life-threatening effects of discontinuing inhaled nitric oxide in children

Abstract: We treated 40 children, aged between 15 d and 17 y, diagnosed with acute respiratory distress syndrome and/or pulmonary hypertension, with inhaled nitric oxide The most frequent underlying diagnosis associated with ARDS were bronchopneumonia (eight), cardiac surgery (five), and sepsis (three) Pulmonary hypertension was secondary to cardiomyopathy in 2 patients and occurred in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery in 17 patients--the most frequent were ventricular septal defect (5), transposition of great arteries (4), and atrioventricular septal defect (3) In 11 patients, sudden discontinuation of nitric oxide induced a decrease in oxygenation associated in some of the patients with an increase in pulmonary artery pressure In two patients discontinuation of nitric oxide induced severe pulmonary hypertension, extreme bradycardia and hypoxaemia, which required cardiopulmonary resuscitation When exogenous nitric oxide is abruptly interrupted, hypoxaemia and pulmonary hypertension are found in some patients, due to a decrease in the nitric oxide concentration in the pulmonary circulation This may be caused by the exogenous nitric oxide administration that may have inhibited endogenous production We recommend making a progressive withdrawal of inhaled nitric oxide to avoid the side effects observed in the sudden discontinuation

Highly Efficient Transfection of Rat Cortical Neurons Using Carbosilane Dendrimers Unveils a Neuroprotective Role for HIF-1α in Early Chemical Hypoxia-Mediated Neurotoxicity

Abstract: Purpose To study the effect of a non-viral vector (carbosilane dendrimer) to efficiently deliver small interfering RNA to postmitotic neurons to study the function of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1-α) during chemical hypoxia-mediated neurotoxicity.

Effects of exercise on mitochondrial DNA content in skeletal muscle of patients with COPD

Abstract: Background Exhausting exercise reduces the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in the skeletal muscle of healthy subjects due to oxidative damage. Since patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) suffer enhanced oxidative stress during exercise, it was hypothesised that the mtDNA content will be further reduced. Objective To investigate the effects of exercise above and below the lactate threshold (LT) on the mtDNA content of skeletal muscle of patients with COPD. Methods Eleven patients with COPD (6768 years; forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1 )4 568%ref) and 10 healthy controls (6664 years; FEV1 9067% ref) cycled 45 min above LT (65% peak oxygen uptake (V 9 O2peak) and another 7 patients (6566 years; FEV1 5064%ref) and 7 controls (566 9y ears; FEV1 9266%ref) cycled 45 min below their LT (50% V 9 O2peak). Biopsies from the vastus lateralis muscle were obtained before exercise, immediately after and 1 h, 1 day and 1 week later to determine by PCR the mtDNA/nuclear DNA (nDNA) ratio (a marker of mtDNA content) and the expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gcoactivator-1a (PGC-1a) mRNA and the amount of reactive oxygen species produced during exercise was estimated from total V 9 O2. Results Skeletal muscle mtDNA/nDNA fell significantly after exercise above the LT both in controls and in patients with COPD, but the changes were greater in those with COPD. These changes correlated with production of reactive oxygen species, increases in manganese superoxide dismutase and PGC-1a mRNA and returned to baseline values 1 week later. This pattern of response was also observed, albeit minimised, in patients exercising below the LT. Conclusions In patients with COPD, exercise enhances the decrease in mtDNA content of skeletal muscle and the expression of PGC-1a mRNA seen in healthy subjects, probably due to oxidative stress.

Thirty-day suicidal thoughts and behaviors among hospital workers during the first wave of the Spain COVID-19 outbreak.

Abstract: Background Healthcare workers are a key occupational group at risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB). We investigated the prevalence and correlates of STB among hospital workers during the first wave of the Spain COVID-19 outbreak (March-July 2020). Methods Data come from the baseline assessment of a cohort of Spanish hospital workers (n = 5450), recruited from 10 hospitals just after the height of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak (May 5-July 23, 2020). Web-based self-report surveys assessed 30-day STB, individual characteristics, and potentially modifiable contextual factors related to hospital workers' work and financial situation. Results Thirty-day STB prevalence was estimated at 8.4% (4.9% passive ideation only, 3.5% active ideation with or without a plan or attempt). A total of n = 6 professionals attempted suicide in the past 30 days. In adjusted models, 30-day STB remained significantly associated with pre-pandemic lifetime mood (odds ratio [OR] = 2.92) and anxiety disorder (OR = 1.90). Significant modifiable factors included a perceived lack of coordination, communication, personnel, or supervision at work (population-attributable risk proportion [PARP] = 50.5%), and financial stress (PARP = 44.1%). Conclusions and relevance Thirty-day STB among hospital workers during the first wave of the Spain COVID-19 outbreak was high. Hospital preparedness for virus outbreaks should be increased, and strong governmental policy response is needed to increase financial security among hospital workers.

A marginal zone pattern may be found in different varieties of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: the morphology and immunohistology of splenic involvement by B-cell lymphomas simulating splenic marginal zone lymphoma.

Abstract: Aims: Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is characterized by a micronodular infiltrate of the splenic white pulp, centred on pre-existing follicles, with a peripheral rim of ‘marginal’ zone B-cells, always accompanied by a variable degree of red pulp infiltration. These histological features can be closely mimicked by a variety of other small B-cell lymphomas when they involve the spleen, which makes recognition of SMZL difficult. We therefore have compared the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of other non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) types with those of SMZL. Methods and results We selected cases of splenic involvement by different types of B-cell lymphoma, including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), immunocytoma (IM) and lymphocytic lymphoma (B-CLL). A micronodular pattern and marginal zone differentiation were both found to be frequently present in FL and MCL, and with lesser frequency in IM and B-CLL. The main morphological feature useful for differential diagnosis was the cytological composition of the white pulp tumoral nodules. SMZL is distinguished by characteristic dimorphic cytology, different from the monomorphic cytology of MCL, and the distinctive mixture of centroblasts and centrocytes which is the rule in FL. B-CLL could also be identified on the basis of the polymorphic cytology including small lymphocytes and prolymphocytes, whereas cases diagnosed as IM show prominent plasmacytic differentiation, lacking the features of the other lymphoma types. Immunohistochemistry was particularly useful for the differential diagnosis. Thus the recognition of MCL was facilitated by the identification of cyclin D1 and CD43 reactivity, while FL could be recognized by the lack of IgD expression or the distinctive pattern of Ki67 staining found in SMZL. B-CLL cells were CD23 + , CD43 +. Conclusion The results of this study provide morphological and immunohistological information useful in the recognition of the different varieties of NHLs when involving the spleen and the differential diagnosis of SMZL.