Illinois Institute of Technology

About: Illinois Institute of Technology is a education organization based out in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Electric power system & Wireless network. The organization has 10188 authors who have published 21062 publications receiving 554178 citations. The organization is also known as: IIT & Illinois Tech.

Efficacy of Coming Out Proud to reduce stigma's impact among people with mental illness: pilot randomised controlled trial

Abstract: Background Facing frequent stigma and discrimination, many people with mental illness have to choose between secrecy and disclosure in different settings. Coming Out Proud (COP), a 3-week peer-led group intervention, offers support in this domain in order to reduce stigma’s negative impact. Aims To examine COP’s efficacy to reduce negative stigma-related outcomes and to promote adaptive coping styles (Current Controlled Trials number: [ISRCTN43516734][1]). Method In a pilot randomised controlled trial, 100 participants with mental illness were assigned to COP or a treatment-as-usual control condition. Outcomes included self-stigma, empowerment, stigma stress, secrecy and perceived benefits of disclosure. Results Intention-to-treat analyses found no effect of COP on self-stigma or empowerment, but positive effects on stigma stress, disclosure-related distress, secrecy and perceived benefits of disclosure. Some effects diminished during the 3-week follow-up period. Conclusions Coming Out Proud has immediate positive effects on disclosure- and stigma stress-related variables and may thus alleviate stigma’s negative impact. [1]: /external-ref?link_type=ISRCTN&access_num=ISRCTN43516734

Modeling and Analysis of SiC MOSFET Switching Oscillations

Abstract: SiC MOSFETs exhibit extremely fast switching characteristics, which are unfortunately accompanied by undesirable switching oscillations. In this paper, equivalent circuit models incorporating all parasitic elements are developed for the turn-ON and turn-OFF of a SiC MOSFET. Simple mathematical formulas are derived to provide the theoretical analysis of the switching oscillation phenomenon, and to guide the snubber or damping circuit design. Both circuit simulation and experimental measurement are carried out to validate these simple equivalent circuit models.

Genetic architecture of subcortical brain structures in 38,851 individuals

Abstract: Subcortical brain structures are integral to motion, consciousness, emotions and learning. We identified common genetic variation related to the volumes of the nucleus accumbens, amygdala, brainstem, caudate nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen and thalamus, using genome-wide association analyses in almost 40,000 individuals from CHARGE, ENIGMA and UK Biobank. We show that variability in subcortical volumes is heritable, and identify 48 significantly associated loci (40 novel at the time of analysis). Annotation of these loci by utilizing gene expression, methylation and neuropathological data identified 199 genes putatively implicated in neurodevelopment, synaptic signaling, axonal transport, apoptosis, inflammation/infection and susceptibility to neurological disorders. This set of genes is significantly enriched for Drosophila orthologs associated with neurodevelopmental phenotypes, suggesting evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. Our findings uncover novel biology and potential drug targets underlying brain development and disease.

Online batch/fed-batch process performance monitoring, quality prediction, and variable-contribution analysis for diagnosis

Abstract: An integrated online multivariate statistical process monitoring (MSPM), quality prediction, and fault diagnosis framework is developed for batch processes. Batch data from I batches, with J process variables measured at K time points generate a three-way array of size I × K × J. Unfolding this three-way array into a two-way matrix of size IK × J by preserving the variable direction is advantageous for developing online MSPM methods because it does not require estimation of future portions of new batches. Two different multiway partial least squares (MPLS) models are developed. The first model (MPLSV) is developed between the data matrix (IK × J) and the local batch time (or an indicator variable) for online MSPM. The second model (MPLSB) is developed between the rearranged data matrix in the batch direction (I × KJ) and the final quality matrix for online prediction of end-of-batch quality. The problem of discontinuity in process variable measurements due to operation switching (or moving to a different ...

Unraveling Anthocyanin Bioavailability for Human Health

Abstract: This review considers the bioavailability of health-protective anthocyanin pigments from foods, in light of the multiple molecular structures and complicated traffic patterns taken by anthocyanins both as flavonoid metabolites and as phenolic acid metabolites within the body. Anthocyanins have generally been considered to have notoriously poor bioavailability, based on the very low levels typically detected in routine human blood draws after ingestion. Although some investigations have assessed anthocyanin bioavailability solely based on the measurement of parent anthocyanins or phenolic acid breakdown products, more recent research has increasingly revealed the presence, qualitative diversity, relatively high concentrations, and tenacity of molecular intermediates of anthocyanins that retain the unique flavonoid C6-C3-C6 backbone structure. We argue that the persistence of anthocyanin metabolites suggests enterohepatic recycling, leading to prolonged residence time, and supports the notion that anthocyanins are far more bioavailable than previously suggested.