Illinois Institute of Technology

About: Illinois Institute of Technology is a education organization based out in Chicago, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Electric power system & Wireless network. The organization has 10188 authors who have published 21062 publications receiving 554178 citations. The organization is also known as: IIT & Illinois Tech.

Application of inverse source concepts to photoacoustic tomography

Abstract: Photoacoustic tomography (PAT), also known as optoacoustic or thermoacoustic tomography, is a hybrid imaging technique that possesses great potential for a wide range of biomedical imaging applications. Image reconstruction in PAT is tantamount to solving an inverse source problem, where the source represents the optical energy absorption distribution in the object that is induced by an interrogating pulsed optical waveform. In this work, we re-examine the PAT image reconstruction problem from a Fourier domain perspective by use of established time-harmonic inverse source concepts. A mathematical relationship between the photoacoustic pressure wavefield data on an aperture that encloses the object and the three-dimensional Fourier transform of the optical absorption distribution evaluated on a collection of concentric spheres is investigated. In addition to providing a framework for deriving both exact and approximate analytic reconstruction formulae, we demonstrate that this mapping provides an intuitive means of understanding certain spatial resolution characteristics of PAT.

A Methanol Impermeable Proton Conducting Composite Electrolyte System

Abstract: The concept of a proton conducting, methanol impermeable composite electrolyte system is demonstrated. A three‐layered laminar electrolyte consisting of a dense, methanol impermeable protonic conductor sandwiched between proton permeable electronically insulating layers permits the selective transport of protons while eliminating methanol crossover to the cathode. We demonstrate the selectivity of the composite electrolyte using palladium foil sandwiched between two Nafion™ polymer membranes. The open‐circuit voltage for an fuel cell utilizing this composite electrolyte is unaffected by introduction of methanol to the fuel stream, whereas conventional polymer electrolyte cells suffer severe degradation of performance due to methanol crossover.

Fractional Fokker-Planck Equation for Nonlinear Stochastic Differential Equations Driven by Non-Gaussian Levy Stable Noises

Abstract: The Fokker-Planck equation has been very useful for studying dynamic behavior of stochastic differential equations driven by Gaussian noises. In this paper, we derive a Fractional Fokker--Planck equation for the probability distribution of particles whose motion is governed by a {\em nonlinear} Langevin-type equation, which is driven by a non-Gaussian Levy-stable noise. We obtain in fact a more general result for Markovian processes generated by stochastic differential equations.}

Private Information Retrieval from MDS Coded Data in Distributed Storage Systems

Abstract: The problem of providing privacy, in the private information retrieval (PIR) sense, to users requesting data from a distributed storage system (DSS), is considered. The DSS is coded by an $(n,k,d)$ Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) code to store the data reliably on unreliable storage nodes. Some of these nodes can be spies which report to a third party, such as an oppressive regime, which data is being requested by the user. An information theoretic PIR scheme ensures that a user can satisfy its request while revealing, to the spy nodes, no information on which data is being requested. A user can trivially achieve PIR by downloading all the data in the DSS. However, this is not a feasible solution due to its high communication cost. We construct PIR schemes with low download communication cost. When there is $b=1$ spy node in the DSS, we construct PIR schemes with download cost $\frac{1}{1-R}$ per unit of requested data ($R=k/n$ is the code rate), achieving the information theoretic limit for linear schemes. The proposed schemes are universal since they depend on the code rate, but not on the generator matrix of the code. Also, when $b\leq n-\delta k$, for some $\delta \in \mathbb{N^+}$, we construct linear PIR schemes with $cPoP = \frac{b+\delta k}{\delta}$.

Short term generation scheduling in photovoltaic-utility grid with battery storage

Abstract: This paper presents an efficient approach to short term resource scheduling for an integrated thermal and photovoltaic-battery generation. The proposed model incorporates battery storage for peak load shaving. Several constraints including battery capacity, minimum up/down time and ramp rates for thermal units, as well as natural photovoltaic (PV) capacity are considered in the proposed model. A case study composed of 26 thermal units and a PV-battery plant is presented to test the efficiency of the method.