Jilin University

About: Jilin University is a education organization based out in Changchun, China. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Apoptosis. The organization has 101453 authors who have published 88966 publications receiving 1444456 citations. The organization is also known as: Jílín Dàxué.

Amorphizing of Au Nanoparticles by CeOx -RGO Hybrid Support towards Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for N2 Reduction under Ambient Conditions.

Abstract: Ammonia synthesis is one of the most kinetically complex and energetically challenging chemical processes in industry and has used the Harber-Bosch catalyst for over a century, which is processed under both harsh pressure (150-350 atm) and hightemperature (623-823 K), wherein the energy and capital intensive Harber-Bosch process has a huge energy cost accounting for about 1%-3% of human's energy consumption. Therefore, there has been a rough and vigorous exploration to find an environmentally benign alternative process. As the amorphous material is in a metastable state and has many "dangling bonds", it is more active than the crystallized one. In this paper, CeOx -induced amorphization of Au nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphite oxide (a-Au/CeOx -RGO) has been achieved by a facile coreduction method under ambient atmosphere. As a proof-of-concept experiment, a-Au/CeOx -RGO hybrid catalyst containing the low noble metal (Au loading is 1.31 wt%) achieves a high Faradaic efficiency (10.10%) and ammonia yield (8.3 μg h-1 mg-1cat. ) at -0.2 V versus RHE, which is significantly higher than that of the crystalline counterpart (c-Au/RGO), and even comparable to the yields and efficiencies under harsh temperatures and/or pressures.

The Characterization of High-Fat Diet and Multiple Low-Dose Streptozotocin Induced Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model

Abstract: Aim. Based on the previously established method, we developed a better and stable animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus by high-fat diet combined with multiple low-dose STZ injections. Meanwhile, this new model was used to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of berberine. Method. Wistar male rats fed with regular chow for 4 weeks received vehicle (control groups), rats fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks received different amounts of STZ once or twice by intraperitoneal injection (diabetic model groups), and diabetic rats were treated with berberine (100 mg/kg, berberine treatment group). Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were carried out. Moreover, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured to evaluate the dynamic blood sugar and lipid metabolism. Result. The highest successful rate (100%) was observed in rats treated with a single injection of 45 mg/kg STZ, but the plasma insulin level of this particular group was significantly decreased, and ISI has no difference compared to control group. The successful rate of 30 mg/kg STZ twice injection group was significantly high (85%) and the rats in this group presented a typical characteristic of T2DM as insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and blood lipid disorder. All these symptoms observed in the 30 mg/kg STZ twice injection group were recovered by the treatment of berberine. Conclusion. Together, these results indicated that high-fat diet combined with multiple low doses of STZ (30 mg/kg at weekly intervals for 2 weeks) proved to be a better way for developing a stable animal model of type 2 diabetes, and this new model may be suitable for pharmaceutical screening.

Enhanced Cisplatin Chemotherapy by Iron Oxide Nanocarrier-Mediated Generation of Highly Toxic Reactive Oxygen Species.

Abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a key role in therapeutic effects as well as side effects of platinum drugs. Cisplatin mediates activation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX), which triggers oxygen (O2) to superoxide radical (O2•–) and its downstream H2O2. Through the Fenton’s reaction, H2O2 could be catalyzed by Fe2+/Fe3+ to the toxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH), which cause oxidative damages to lipids, proteins, and DNA. By taking the full advantage of Fenton’s chemistry, we herein demonstrated tumor site-specific conversion of ROS generation induced by released cisplatin and Fe2+/Fe3+ from iron-oxide nanocarriers with cisplatin(IV) prodrugs for enhanced anticancer activity but minimized systemic toxicity.

Superhard Monoclinic Polymorph of Carbon

Abstract: We report a novel phase of carbon possessing a monoclinic $C2/m$ structure ($8\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{\text{atoms}}/\mathrm{\text{cell}}$) identified using an ab initio evolutionary structural search. This polymorph, which we call $M$-carbon, is related to the ($2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}1$) reconstruction of the (111) surface of diamond and can also be viewed as a distorted (through sliding and buckling of the sheets) form of graphite. It is stable over cold-compressed graphite above 13.4 GPa. The simulated x-ray diffraction pattern and near $K$-edge spectroscopy are in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data [W. L. Mao et al., Science 302, 425 (2003)] on overcompressed graphite. The hardness and bulk modulus of this new carbon polymorph are calculated to be 83.1 and 431.2 GPa, respectively, which are comparable to those of diamond.

Self-Assembly of Transition Metal Oxide Nanostructures on MXene Nanosheets for Fast and Stable Lithium Storage.

Abstract: Recently, a new class of 2D materials, i.e., transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides known as MXenes, is unveiled with more than 20 types reported one after another. Since they are flexible and conductive, MXenes are expected to compete with graphene and other 2D materials in many applications. Here, a general route is reported to simple self-assembly of transition metal oxide (TMO) nanostructures, including TiO2 nanorods and SnO2 nanowires, on MXene (Ti3 C2 ) nanosheets through van der Waals interactions. The MXene nanosheets, acting as the underlying substrate, not only enable reversible electron and ion transport at the interface but also prevent the TMO nanostructures from aggregation during lithiation/delithiation. The TMO nanostructures, in turn, serve as the spacer to prevent the MXene nanosheets from restacking, thus preserving the active areas from being lost. More importantly, they can contribute extraordinary electrochemical properties, offering short lithium diffusion pathways and additional active sites. The resulting TiO2 /MXene and SnO2 /MXene heterostructures exhibit superior high-rate performance, making them promising high-power and high-energy anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.