Showing papers by "Jilin University published in 2008"
TL;DR: Results indicated that high-fat diet combined with multiple low doses of STZ (30 mg/kg at weekly intervals for 2 weeks) proved to be a better way for developing a stable animal model of type 2 diabetes, and this new model may be suitable for pharmaceutical screening.
Abstract: Aim. Based on the previously established method, we developed a better and stable animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus by high-fat diet combined with multiple low-dose STZ injections. Meanwhile, this new model was used to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of berberine. Method. Wistar male rats fed with regular chow for 4 weeks received vehicle (control groups), rats fed with high-fat diet for 4 weeks received different amounts of STZ once or twice by intraperitoneal injection (diabetic model groups), and diabetic rats were treated with berberine (100 mg/kg, berberine treatment group). Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were carried out. Moreover, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride were measured to evaluate the dynamic blood sugar and lipid metabolism. Result. The highest successful rate (100%) was observed in rats treated with a single injection of 45 mg/kg STZ, but the plasma insulin level of this particular group was significantly decreased, and ISI has no difference compared to control group. The successful rate of 30 mg/kg STZ twice injection group was significantly high (85%) and the rats in this group presented a typical characteristic of T2DM as insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and blood lipid disorder. All these symptoms observed in the 30 mg/kg STZ twice injection group were recovered by the treatment of berberine. Conclusion. Together, these results indicated that high-fat diet combined with multiple low doses of STZ (30 mg/kg at weekly intervals for 2 weeks) proved to be a better way for developing a stable animal model of type 2 diabetes, and this new model may be suitable for pharmaceutical screening.
503 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the enhancement of CO sensitivity in the Al doped graphene is determined by a large electrical conductivity change after adsorption, where CO absorption leads to increase of electrical conductivities via introducing large amount of shallow acceptor states.
412 citations
TL;DR: A new type of humidity nanosensor based on LiCl-doped TiO2 nan ofibers with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) nanofibers as sacrificial template has been fabricated through electrospinning and calcination, which exhibited excellent sensing characteristics.
Abstract: A new type of humidity nanosensor based on LiCl-doped TiO2 nanofibers with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) nanofibers as sacrificial template has been fabricated through electrospinning and calcination. The sensor exhibited excellent sensing characteristics, such as ultrafast response and recovery times, good reproducibility, linearity, and environmental stability, which are of importance for applications in humidity monitoring and control.
410 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the basaltic and picritic lavas were derived from the foundered eclogitic lower continental crust. But the results were limited to the case of basaltics.
409 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth in China based on the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis, using Chinese provincial data over 1985-2005, and found that panel cointegration estimation is preferable for all pollutants except for solid wastes.
369 citations
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that there is distinct airways expression of TSLP and chemokines which preferentially attract Th1- and Th2-type T cells, and influx of T cells bearing their receptors in asthma and COPD.
Abstract: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with Th2 and Th1 differentiated T cells. The cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) promotes differentiation of Th2 T cells and secretion of chemokines which preferentially attract them. We hypothesized that there is distinct airways expression of TSLP and chemokines which preferentially attract Th1- and Th2-type T cells, and influx of T cells bearing their receptors in asthma and COPD. In situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA were used to examine the expression and cellular provenance of TSLP, Th2-attracting (TARC/CCL17, MDC/CCL22, I-309/CCL1), and Th1-attracting (IP-10/CXCL10, I-TAC/CXCL11) chemokines in the bronchial mucosa and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of subjects with moderate/severe asthma, COPD, and controls. Cells expressing mRNA encoding TSLP, TARC/CCL17, MDC/CCL22, and IP-10/CXCL10, but not I-TAC/CXCL11 and I-309/CCL1, were significantly increased in severe asthma and COPD as compared with non-smoker controls (p < 0.02). This pattern was reflected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein concentrations. Expression of the same chemokines was also increased in ex- and current smokers. The cellular sources of TSLP and chemokines were strikingly similar in severe asthma and COPD. The numbers of total bronchial mucosal T cells expressing the chemokine receptors CCR4, CCR8, and CXCR3 did not significantly differ in asthma, COPD, and controls. Both asthma and COPD are associated with elevated bronchial mucosal expression of TSLP and the same Th1- and Th2-attracting chemokines. Increased expression of these chemokines is not, however, associated with selective accumulation of T cells bearing their receptors.
339 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that genetic variants of FADS1 and FADS2 influence blood lipid and breast milk essential fatty acids in pregnancy and lactation.
Abstract: The enzymes encoded by fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 1 and FADS2 are rate-limiting enzymes in the desaturation of linoleic acid [LA; 18:2(n-6)] to arachidonic acid [ARA; 20:4(n-6)], and alpha-linolenic acid [ALA; 18:3(n-3)] to eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA; 20:5(n-3)] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA; 22:6(n-3)]. ARA, EPA, and DHA play central roles in infant growth, neural development, and immune function. The maternal ARA, EPA, and DHA status in gestation influences maternal-to-infant transfer and breast milk provides fatty acids for infants after birth. We determined if single nucleotide polymorphisms in FADS1 and FADS2 influence plasma phospholipid and erythrocyte ethanolamine phosphoglyceride (EPG) (n-6) and (n-3) fatty acids of women in pregnancy or their breast milk during lactation. We genotyped rs174553, rs99780, rs174575, and rs174583 in the FADS1 FADS2 gene cluster and analyzed plasma and erythrocyte fatty acids and dietary intake for 69 pregnant women and breast milk for a subset of 54 women exclusively breast-feeding at 1 mo postpartum. Minor allele homozygotes of rs174553(GG), rs99780(TT), and rs174583(TT) had lower ARA but higher LA in plasma phospholipids and erythrocyte EPG and decreased (n-6) and (n-3) fatty acid product:precursor ratios at 16 and 36 wk of gestation. Breast milk fatty acids were influenced by genotype, with significantly lower 14:0, ARA, and EPA but higher 20:2(n-6) in the minor allele homozygotes of rs174553(GG), rs99780(TT), and rs174583(TT) and lower ARA, EPA, 22:5(n-3), and DHA in the minor allele homozygotes G/G of rs174575. We showed that genetic variants of FADS1 and FADS2 influence blood lipid and breast milk essential fatty acids in pregnancy and lactation.
303 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the classic thermodynamics as a powerful traditional theoretical tool is used to model different bulk interface energies and the corresponding size dependences, which is induced by size dependence of coherent energy of atoms within nanocrystals.
293 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors demonstrate an organotemplate-free and fast route for synthesizing Beta zeolite by adding of Beta seeds in the starting gel in the absence of any organic templates.
Abstract: Beta Zeolite has been widely used in industry, and its synthesis usually takes several days in the presence of organic templates. We demonstrate here an organotemplate-free and fast route for synthesizing Beta zeolite by addition of Beta seeds in the starting gel in the absence of any organic templates.
292 citations
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors conducted a systematic dating of volcanic rocks in the Great Xing'an Range in order to rectify the limited precise age data for the volcanic rocks, which significantly hinders understanding of the petrogenesis and geodynamic setting of these rocks.
271 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of blue-light emitters can be optimized and improved by varying the chemical structures of the side groups of the synthesized side groups, such as 9,10-bis(3,5,diphenylphenyl)anthracene, MAT, and TAT, through boration and Suzuki aryl-aryl coupling reactions.
Abstract: 9,10-Bis(3′,5′-diphenylphenyl)anthracene [MAM], 9-(3′,5′-diphenylphenyl)-10-(3‴,5‴-diphenylbiphenyl-4″-yl)anthracene [MAT], and 9,10-bis(3″,5″-diphenylbiphenyl-4′-yl)anthracene [TAT] were newly synthesized through boration and Suzuki aryl–aryl coupling reactions. We have demonstrated that the EL performance of blue-light emitters can be optimized and improved by varying the chemical structures of the side groups. In the thin film state, the three materials exhibit PLmax values in the range of 439–445 nm. MAM, MAT, and TAT all have high Tg values above 120 °C; TAT has the highest Tg value, above 150 °C. This is twice as high as that of DPVBi (64 °C) and is much higher than that of MADN (120 °C) as well. It also exhibits excellent color coordinates (0.156, 0.088), which are very close to the NTSC blue standard, and an external quantum efficiency of 7.18%, twice that of MADN, which are the best reported results for deep-blue OLED emitters.
TL;DR: The results of this pilot study suggest that cilostazol might be a more effective and safer alternative to aspirin for Chinese patients with ischaemic stroke; however, a larger phase III trial is required to confirm this.
Abstract: Summary Background Most patients who have had a stroke are given aspirin; however, aspirin-related cerebral haemorrhage is a complication that is currently of concern, particularly in China where there is a high incidence of cerebral haemorrhage in secondary prevention programmes and within the community. Cilostazol, a phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) inhibitor, is an alternative to aspirin that works through a different mechanism. This trial aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of cilostazol with that of aspirin for the long-term prevention of the recurrence of ischaemic stroke. Methods 720 patients (mean age 60·2 years, SD 9·86) who had had an ischaemic stroke within the previous 1–6 months were enrolled consecutively in a prospective, multicentre, double-blind, randomised trial. 360 patients were randomly assigned to receive cilostazol and 360 patients to receive aspirin. Analysis was by intention to treat. Patients in both groups took the medication for 12–18 months. The primary endpoint was any recurrence of stroke (ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke, or subarachnoid haemorrhage) during the trial period. All patients had MRI with T1 MRI, T2 MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), and T2 gradient echo imaging (T2*) at the beginning and the end of the study. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00202020. Findings The average duration of treatment was 740 person-years, and 719 patients were analysed (360 in the cilostazol group and 359 in the aspirin group). The primary endpoint was reported in 12 patients in the cilostazol group and in 20 patients in the aspirin group. The estimated hazard ratio, calculated with Kaplan–Meier curves (risk of primary endpoint in cilostazol group vs aspirin group), was 0·62 (95% CI 0·30–1·26; p=0·185). Symptomatic cerebral haemorrhage was reported in six patients: one in the cilostazol group and five in the aspirin group. Asymptomatic cerebral haematoma was found in four patients in the aspirin group and one patient in the cilostazol group. Brain bleeding events were significantly more common in the aspirin group than in the cilostazol group (7 vs 1, p=0·034). All of the six patients with symptomatic haemorrhage had previous cerebral microbleeds in the area where the haematoma was located. Interpretation The results of this pilot study showed no significant difference in the rate of recurrence of stroke between patients with ischaemic stroke who were randomly assigned to take either cilostazol or aspirin. The lower rates of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke in the cilostazol group suggest that cilostazol might be a more effective and safer alternative to aspirin for Chinese patients with ischaemic stroke; however, a larger phase III trial is required to confirm this. Funding National Health Ministry of the People's Republic of China; Otsuka Pharmaceutical.
TL;DR: P polarized neutron diffraction is used to demonstrate for the model superconductor HgBa2CuO4+δ (Hg1201) that the characteristic temperature T* marks the onset of an unusual magnetic order, a demonstration of the universal existence of such a state.
Abstract: The pseudogap region of the phase diagram is an important unsolved puzzle in the field of high transition-temperature superconductivity. Li et al. report polarized neutron diffraction data that demonstrate that the characteristic temperature, T*, marks the onset of an unusual magnetic order, and hence a novel state of matter with broken time-reversal symmetry, for the model superconductor HgBa2CuO4+δ (Hg1201). The findings appear to rule out theories that regard T* as a crossover temperature rather than a phase transition temperature. Instead, they are consistent with the notion that many of the unusual properties arise from the presence of a quantum-critical point. The pseudogap region of the phase diagram is an important unsolved puzzle in the field of high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductivity, characterized by anomalous physical properties1,2. There are open questions about the number of distinct phases and the possible presence of a quantum-critical point underneath the superconducting dome3,4,5. The picture has remained unclear because there has not been conclusive evidence for a new type of order. Neutron scattering measurements for YBa2Cu3O6+δ (YBCO) resulted in contradictory claims of no6,7 and weak8,9 magnetic order, and the interpretation of muon spin relaxation measurements on YBCO10,11 and of circularly polarized photoemission experiments on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ(refs 12, 13) has been controversial. Here we use polarized neutron diffraction to demonstrate for the model superconductor HgBa2CuO4+δ (Hg1201) that the characteristic temperature T* marks the onset of an unusual magnetic order. Together with recent results for YBCO14,15, this observation constitutes a demonstration of the universal existence of such a state. The findings appear to rule out theories that regard T* as a crossover temperature16,17,18 rather than a phase transition temperature19,20,21. Instead, they are consistent with a variant of previously proposed charge-current-loop order19,20 that involves apical oxygen orbitals22, and with the notion that many of the unusual properties arise from the presence of a quantum-critical point3,4,5,19.
TL;DR: In this paper, the humidity sensitive characteristics of a sensor fabricated from flower-like ZnO nanorods by screen-printing on a ceramic substrate with Ag-Pd interdigital electrodes have been investigated.
Abstract: The humidity sensitive characteristics of a sensor fabricated from flower-like ZnO nanorods by screen-printing on a ceramic substrate with Ag–Pd interdigital electrodes have been investigated. The sensor shows high humidity sensitivity, rapid response and recovery, small hysteresis, and good stability. It is found that the impedance of the sensor decreases by about five orders of magnitude with increasing relative humidity (RH) from 11 to 95%. The response and recovery time of the sensor is about 5 and 10 s, respectively. These results indicate that the flower-like ZnO nanorods can be used in fabricating high-performance humidity sensors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore Fe/Mn and Nb/Ta ratios of basalts as potential tracers for differentiating melts of recycled mafic crustal lithologies from peridotitic melts.
TL;DR: The results suggested that the lesion of the LHb could improve the behavioral response of the depressed rats and the 5-HT level of the DRN increased by LHb lesions could be involved in the effects.
TL;DR: Numerical results show that the proposed method can deal with the GTSP problems fairly well, and the developed mutation process and local search technique are effective.
Abstract: Focused on a variation of the euclidean traveling salesman problem (TSP), namely, the generalized traveling salesman problem (GTSP), this paper extends the ant colony optimization method from TSP to this field. By considering the group influence, an improved method is further improved. To avoid locking into local minima, a mutation process and a local searching technique are also introduced into this method. Numerical results show that the proposed method can deal with the GTSP problems fairly well, and the developed mutation process and local search technique are effective.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the high-pressure structures of MgCO3 and found two new structure types were predicted to be stable in the relevant pressure range: one at 82-138 GPa and the other above 138 GPa.
TL;DR: High-pressure structures of germane (GeH4) are explored through ab initio evolutionary methodology to reveal a metallic monoclinic structure of C2/c (4 molecules/cell), which consists of layerlike motifs containing novel "H2" units.
Abstract: High-pressure structures of germane (GeH4) are explored through ab initio evolutionary methodology to reveal a metallic monoclinic structure of C2/c (4 molecules/cell). The C2/c structure consists of layerlike motifs containing novel "H2" units. Enthalpy calculations suggest a remarkably wide decomposition (Ge+H2) pressure range of 0-196 GPa, above which C2/c structure is stable. Perturbative linear-response calculations for C2/c GeH4 at 220 GPa predict a large electron-phonon coupling parameter lambda of 1.12 and the resulting superconducting critical temperature reaches 64 K.
TL;DR: The Dox-loaded fibers prepared by emulsion-electrospinning represent a reservoir-type delivery system in which the Dox release rate decreases with the increasing Dox content in the fibers, according to Fick's second law.
TL;DR: It is found that the Pt-PbNAE with a three-dimensional structure exhibited high electrocatalytic activity to glucose oxidation in neutral condition and could be used for the development of nonenzymatic glucose sensor.
TL;DR: A novel hyper-parameter selection method for LS-SVMs is presented based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO), which does not need any priori knowledge on the analytic property of the generalization performance measure and can be used to determine multiplehyper-parameters at the same time.
TL;DR: In the early Cretaceous, harzburgite and harzbugite xenoliths typically preserve areas of orthopyroxenite (either accompanied by phlogopite) either as veins or as zones surrounding chromite grains as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: The experimental results indicated that the planar of flavonoids intercalated to the DNA helix and the intercalative binding was consistent with the red shift in the position of λ max in the fluorescence spectra.
Abstract: Binding of baicalein, wogonin and baicalin to fish sperm DNA was studied by using ethidium bromide dye as a fluorescence probe. To study the binding mechanism, the absorption, fluorescence, melting temperature and viscosity measurement were carried out. The experimental results indicated that the planar of flavonoids intercalated to the DNA helix. When bound to DNA, flavonoids showed hyperchromic and blue shift in the absorption spectra and fluorescence quenching (>50%) in the fluorescence spectra. Furthermore, the intercalative binding was consistent with the red shift in the position of λmax in the fluorescence spectra. It was also found that ionic strength had little or no effect on the binding of flavonoids and DNA. Stern–Volmer plots at 25 and 37 °C showed that the quenching of fluorescence by flavonoids was a combined quenching process. The binding site number n, apparent binding constant KA at 25 and 37 °C, and the corresponding thermodynamic parameters ΔG, ΔH, ΔS at 25 °C were obtained. The interaction of flavonoid–metal complexes with DNA was also studied by spectral methods, and the results suggested that the complexes intercalated into DNA.
TL;DR: In this review, a number of NIRF materials are discussed including traditional N IRF dye molecules, newly developed NIRf quantum dots and single-walled carbon nanotubes, as well as rare earth metal compounds.
Abstract: Near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) materials are promising labeling reagents for sensitive determination and imaging of biological targets. In the near-infrared region biological samples have low background fluorescence signals, providing high signal to noise ratio. Meanwhile, near-infrared radiation can penetrate into sample matrices deeply due to low light scattering. Thus, in vivo and in vitro imaging of biological samples can be achieved by employing the NIRF probes. To take full advantage of NIRF materials in the biological and biomedical field, one of the key issues is to develop intense and biocompatible NIRF probes. In this review, a number of NIRF materials are discussed including traditional NIRF dye molecules, newly developed NIRF quantum dots and single-walled carbon nanotubes, as well as rare earth metal compounds. The use of some NIRF materials in various nanostructures is illustrated. The enhancement of NIRF using metal nanostructures is covered as well. The fluorescence mechanism and bioapplications of each type of the NIRF materials are discussed in details.
TL;DR: Theoretical analysis indicated that the complicated dependent relationships were mainly caused by phonon-assisted energy transfers and nonradiative relaxation in Tm3+ ions.
Abstract: Under 980 nm excitation, unusual 3P2-->3H6 (approximately 264 nm) and 3P2-->3F4 (approximately 309 nm) emissions from Tm3+ ions were observed in hexagonal NaYF4:Yb3+ (20%)/Tm3+ (1.5%) microcrystals. In comparison with the strong emissions from 1D2 and 1I6, the emissions from 1G4 and 3H4 almost vanished due to the efficient cross-relaxation of 1G4 + 3H4-->3F4 + 1D2(Tm3+). Double logarithmic plots of the upconversion emission intensity versus the excitation power are neither straight lines nor typical saturation curves. Theoretical analysis indicated that the complicated dependent relationships were mainly caused by phonon-assisted energy transfers and nonradiative relaxation.
TL;DR: A novel magnetically recyclable Ag-based catalyst has been synthesized in one pot and it is found that this catalyst is highly efficient in selectively catalyzing styrene conversion to styrene oxide.
TL;DR: In this article, a density functional theory for carbon nanoribbons with zigzag edges containing one substitutional nitrogen atom per 154 carbon atoms has been proposed, and it has been shown that the formation energies depend on the nitrogen doping site, as do the electrical properties.