Showing papers by "Kangwon National University published in 2022"
TL;DR: This review highlights the fabrication of different surface-modified nanocellulose to deliver active molecules, such as drugs, proteins, and plasmids, and its composites in tissue engineering.
59 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the spin-orbit excitons observed at 20-28 meV in both compounds strongly support the idea that Co2+ ions of both compounds have a spin-orbital entangled Jeff=1/2 state.
Abstract: Finding new materials with antiferromagnetic (AFM) Kitaev interaction is an urgent issue for quantum magnetism research. We conclude that Na3Co2SbO6 and Na2Co2TeO6 are new honeycomb cobalt-based systems with AFM Kitaev interaction by carrying out inelastic neutron scattering experiments and subsequent analysis. The spin-orbit excitons observed at 20-28 meV in both compounds strongly support the idea that Co2+ ions of both compounds have a spin-orbital entangled Jeff=1/2 state. Furthermore, we found that a generalized Kitaev-Heisenberg Hamiltonian can describe the spin-wave excitations of both compounds with additional 3rd nearest-neighbor interaction. Our best-fit parameters show significant AFM Kitaev terms and off-diagonal symmetric anisotropy terms of a similar magnitude in both compounds. We also found a strong magnon-damping effect at the higher energy part of the spin waves, entirely consistent with observations in other Kitaev magnets. Our work suggests Na3Co2SbO6 and Na2Co2TeO6 as rare examples of the AFM Kitaev magnets based on the systematic studies of the spin waves and analysis.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative analysis of the quality of the bio-oil produced was conducted for non-catalytic and catalytic fast pyrolysis using SCW in a bubbling fluidized-bed reactor (BFR).
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors comprehensively tested prime editing in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) by generating a doxycycline-inducible prime editing platform.
Abstract: Prime editing is a versatile and precise genome editing technique that can directly copy desired genetic modifications into target DNA sites without the need for donor DNA. This technique holds great promise for the analysis of gene function, disease modeling, and the correction of pathogenic mutations in clinically relevant cells such as human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). Here, we comprehensively tested prime editing in hPSCs by generating a doxycycline-inducible prime editing platform. Prime editing successfully induced all types of nucleotide substitutions and small insertions and deletions, similar to observations in other human cell types. Moreover, we compared prime editing and base editing for correcting a disease-related mutation in induced pluripotent stem cells derived form a patient with α 1-antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency. Finally, whole-genome sequencing showed that, unlike the cytidine deaminase domain of cytosine base editors, the reverse transcriptase domain of a prime editor does not lead to guide RNA-independent off-target mutations in the genome. Our results demonstrate that prime editing in hPSCs has great potential for complementing previously developed CRISPR genome editing tools.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a graphitic carbon nitride (PCN, g-C3N4)/cerium ferrite (CeFeO3, CFO) composites were coupled to PCN via a facile single-step calcination strategy.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the capability of a state-of-the-art model developed using the group method of data handling (GMDH) to spatially model landslide susceptibility.
Abstract: Landslide susceptibility (LS) mapping is an essential tool for landslide risk assessment. This study aimed to provide a new approach with better performance for landslide mapping and adopting readily available variables. In addition, it investigates the capability of a state-of-the-art model developed using the group method of data handling (GMDH) to spatially model LS. Furthermore, hybridized models of GMDH were developed using different metaheuristic algorithms. The study area was the Bonghwa region of South Korea, for which an accurate landslide inventory dataset is available. We considered a total of 13 spatial covariates (altitude, slope, aspect, topographic wetness index, valley depth, plan curvature, profile curvature, distance from fault, distance from river, distance from road, land use, density of forest, and lithology were chosen as independent variables). Two benchmark models—random forest and boosted regression trees—were used to compare their results with the standalone GMDH and hybridized models. We compared model accuracy using the two most robust evaluation metrics, root mean square error (RMSE) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The validation results showed that hybridized models outperformed the standalone GMDH model. Moreover, the hybridized GMDH-PSO (AUC = 0.83, RMSE = 0.108), GMDH-IWO (AUC = 0.81, RMSE = 0.111), GMDH-BBO (AUC = 0.8; RMSE = 0.12), and GMDH-ICA (AUC = 0.8; RMSE = 0.117) had a better predictive performance than both RF and BRT. Therefore, the proposed approach could successfully produce landslide susceptibility maps using relatively few readily available variables and can be repeated in data-scarce regions.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors carried out a spatial and economic analysis of solar and wind energy potential at the provincial level for the first time in Nepal, which is built upon the spatial energy modeling based on technical, geographical, and economic suitability criteria, utilizing open-source geographical information system platforms.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is applied to investigate the important factors on transport and evaporation of multi-component cough droplets in the isolation room with different ventilation configurations.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced from Weissella cibaria (SY003) isolated from Korean kimchi was used for the development of antioxidant agents.
Abstract: The present work isolated and identified five lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from Korean kimchi and then evaluated their exopolysaccharide (EPS) production efficiency. SY003 (Weissella cibaria) produced a high level of EPS when compared to the other isolates. Therefore, EPS from SY003 was selected for purification and characterization using column chromatography, HPLC, FTIR, and NMR. The HPLC analysis indicated that EPS was composed of glucose (38.95%) and galactose (61.04%). FTIR and NMR results confirmed that monosaccharides of EPS were linked through α-D-Glc-(1 → and →6)-β-D-Gal-(1→ linkage. SEM results displayed the nonporous and smooth surface of EPS. In the antioxidant assay, EPS (1 mg/mL) scavenged 34% of DPPH and 90% of ABTS+. Additionally, toxicological experiments (CAM assay, hemolysis assay, and cytotoxicity) established that EPS was nontoxic and biocompatible for biomedical applications. EPS (1 mg/mL) protected HEK293 cells from H2O2 induced oxidative stress shown by cellular antioxidant assay. The present work concluded that EPS produced from W. cibaria (SY003) isolated from Korean kimchi was biocompatible and merited consideration for the development of antioxidant agents.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the current theoretical and experimental progress on realizing Kitaev's honeycomb magnetic model in real materials has been presented, focusing on 3D transition metal systems with much weaker spin-orbit coupling.
Abstract: The realization of Kitaev's honeycomb magnetic model in real materials has become one of the most pursued topics in condensed matter physics and materials science. If found, it is expected to host exotic quantum phases of matter and offers potential realizations of fault-tolerant quantum computations. Over the past years, much effort has been made on 4d- or 5d-heavy transition metal compounds because of their intrinsic strong spin-orbit coupling. But more recently, there have been growing shreds of evidence that the Kitaev model could also be realized in 3d-transition metal systems with much weaker spin-orbit coupling. This review intends to serve as a guide to this fast-developing field focusing on systems withd7transition metal occupation. It overviews the current theoretical and experimental progress on realizing the Kitaev model in those systems. We examine the recent experimental observations of candidate materials with Co2+ions: e.g., CoPS3, Na3Co2SbO6, and Na2Co2TeO6, followed by a brief review of theoretical backgrounds. We conclude this article by comparing experimental observations with density functional theory calculations. We stress the importance of inter-t2ghopping channels and Hund's coupling in the realization of Kitaev interactions in Co-based compounds, which has been overlooked in previous studies. This review suggests future directions in the search for Kitaev physics in 3dcobalt compounds and beyond.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors developed folic acid conjugated chitosan (CS) encapsulated rutin (R) synthesized palladium nanoclusters (Pd NCs) for NIR triggered and folate receptor (FR) targeted triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB 231 cells) treatment.
TL;DR: In this paper, a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal smart window with a haze-free opaque state is demonstrated, which shows the lowest operating voltage among guest-host liquid crystal cells.
TL;DR: In this article, high C/N ratio food-processing wastewater was treated using two-step micro-aerobic reactors (MARs), and the average removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand during the MAR process were 84.21% and 95.43%, respectively.
TL;DR: In this paper , a seed-mediated growth method was used to synthesize SiO2 nanoparticles with high SERS sensitivity in the near-infrared (NIR) region.
Abstract: To take advantages, such as multiplex capacity, non-photobleaching property, and high sensitivity, of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based in vivo imaging, development of highly enhanced SERS nanoprobes in near-infrared (NIR) region is needed. A well-controlled morphology and biocompatibility are essential features of NIR SERS nanoprobes. Gold (Au)-assembled nanostructures with controllable nanogaps with highly enhanced SERS signals within multiple hotspots could be a breakthrough.Au-assembled silica (SiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) (SiO2@Au@Au NPs) as NIR SERS nanoprobes are synthesized using the seed-mediated growth method. SiO2@Au@Au NPs using six different sizes of Au NPs (SiO2@Au@Au50-SiO2@Au@Au500) were prepared by controlling the concentration of Au precursor in the growth step. The nanogaps between Au NPs on the SiO2 surface could be controlled from 4.16 to 0.98 nm by adjusting the concentration of Au precursor (hence increasing Au NP sizes), which resulted in the formation of effective SERS hotspots. SiO2@Au@Au500 NPs with a 0.98-nm gap showed a high SERS enhancement factor of approximately 3.8 × 106 under 785-nm photoexcitation. SiO2@Au@Au500 nanoprobes showed detectable in vivo SERS signals at a concentration of 16 μg/mL in animal tissue specimen at a depth of 7 mm. SiO2@Au@Au500 NPs with 14 different Raman label compounds exhibited distinct SERS signals upon subcutaneous injection into nude mice.SiO2@Au@Au NPs showed high potential for in vivo applications as multiplex nanoprobes with high SERS sensitivity in the NIR region.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors extracted the hydroxyapatite (HAP) from beef bone (BB) by acid/alkali treatment, and calcination process and demonstrated the characteristics of BB-HAP were demonstrated through XRD, FTIR, SEM, ICP-OES, and TGA analysis.
Abstract: Extraction of biocompatible implantable biomaterials from bio-waste is a considerable strategy to protect environmental issues as well as human wellness. Hence, this work aimed to extract the hydroxyapatite (HAP) from beef bone (BB) by acid/alkali treatment, and calcination process. The hydrochloric acid (1 M), and sodium hydroxide (1 M) extraction followed by calcination at 600 °C for 5 h were facilitated to obtain the good quality of bovine bone-derived hydroxyapatite (BB-HAP). The characteristics of BB-HAP were demonstrated through XRD, FTIR, SEM, ICP-OES, and TGA analysis. The characteristics features of BB-HAP were compared with standard hydroxyapatite (Std-HAP). The FTIR spectrum confirmed the presence of carbonate and phosphate functional groups in BB-HAP, which is similar to Std-HAP. Further, XRD and SEM analysis confirmed the hexagonal crystalline structure of BB-HAP with size of 120 ± 12.5 nm. ICP-OES analysis evidenced the existence of Ca (40.42%), P (18.51%), Mg (0.55%), Na (0.22%), and Sr (0.05%) in BB-HAP. In vitro cytotoxicity assay confirmed that BB-HAP did not cause cytotoxicity to NIH3T3 cells, and augmented in vitro wound-healing activity. Hence, this study concluded that BB-HAP was biocompatible that would be used for the development of wound dressing and implantable material.
TL;DR: In this article , a bilayer structure of composite and diffusion-dependent electrodes is proposed to maximize the Coulombic efficiency and energy density of all-solid-state batteries, and the graphite-based hybrid electrode with a practically meaningful capacity (∼4 mA h cm−2) is demonstrated to deliver moderately high energy densities at various C-rates.
TL;DR: In this article, a bilayer structure of composite and diffusion-dependent electrodes is proposed to maximize the Coulombic efficiency and energy density of all-solid-state batteries, and the graphite-based hybrid electrode with a practically meaningful capacity (∼4 ǫh cm−2) is demonstrated to deliver moderately high energy densities at various C-rates.
TL;DR: Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were used as an optimal platform to investigate toxicity and subtle changes in differentiation caused by intracellular NPs accumulation for a long-term investigation of the impact of the NP's size and nature during bioaccumulation.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of Rh on the catalytic properties of CeO2 was examined using a series of Rh-impregnated catalysts with different Rh loadings (Rh(x)Ce, x ǫ = 1, 2, 3, 5 «).
TL;DR: In this article , the authors presented the results of an unprecedented attempt to monitor the occurrence of gully erosion across the EU and UK, integrating a soil erosion module into the 2018 LUCAS Topsoil Survey.
TL;DR: In this article, the yellow mealworm larvae (MW) were grown on piles of wheat bran to convert carbohydrates to fat through its fast metabolism, and fat from MW larvae were then converted to BD through the non-catalytic conversion (authors-invented) process.
TL;DR: In this paper , the rheological properties of concrete with natural fibers were studied, such as flow resistance and torque viscosity, measured using an ICAR rheometer, and correlated with pumpability and shootability.
TL;DR: In this paper, an aluminosilicate beta zeolite with a Si/Al ratio of 12.5 was post-functionalized with aryl diazonium derivatives to yield organic functionalized zeolites.
TL;DR: In this article , the editing efficiency of CBE was significantly lower than that of ABE in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which are associated with high expression of DNA glycosylases, the key component of the base excision repair pathway.
Abstract: Precise genome editing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) is crucial not only for basic science but also for biomedical applications such as ex vivo stem cell therapy and genetic disease modeling. However, hPSCs have unique cellular properties compared to somatic cells. For instance, hPSCs are extremely susceptible to DNA damage, and therefore Cas9-mediated DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) induce p53-dependent cell death, resulting in low Cas9 editing efficiency. Unlike Cas9 nucleases, base editors including cytosine base editor (CBE) and adenine base editor (ABE) can efficiently substitute single nucleotides without generating DSBs at target sites. Here, we found that the editing efficiency of CBE was significantly lower than that of ABE in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which are associated with high expression of DNA glycosylases, the key component of the base excision repair pathway. Sequential depletion of DNA glycosylases revealed that high expression of uracil DNA glycosylase (UNG) not only resulted in low editing efficiency but also affected CBE product purity (i.e., C to T) in hESCs. Therefore, additional suppression of UNG via transient knockdown would also improve C to T base substitutions in hESCs. These data suggest that the unique cellular characteristics of hPSCs could determine the efficiency of precise genome editing.
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors developed a proximity photo-crosslinking method (Spotlight) with a 4-azido-N-ethyl-1,8-naphthalimide (AzNP) moiety that can be converted to reactive aryl nitrene species using ambient blue light-emitting diode light.
Abstract: We developed a proximity photo-crosslinking method (Spotlight) with a 4-azido-N-ethyl-1,8-naphthalimide (AzNP) moiety that can be converted to reactive aryl nitrene species using ambient blue light-emitting diode light. Using an AzNP-conjugated HaloTag ligand (VL1), blue light-induced photo-crosslinked products of various HaloTag-conjugated proteins of interest were detected in subcellular spaces in live cells. Chemical or heat stress-induced dynamic changes in the proteome were also detected, and photo-crosslinking in the mouse brain tissue was enabled. Using Spotlight, we further identified the host interactome of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, which is essential for viral genome assembly. Mass analysis of the VL1-crosslinked product of N-HaloTag in HEK293T cells showed that RNA-binding proteins in stress granules were exclusively enriched in the cross-linked samples. These results tell that our method can reveal the interactome of protein of interest within a short distance in live cells.
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple, cost-effective method is developed for the interfacial single-component passivation of Al2O3 with NH3 or H2O2, and co-passivation with NH 3 and H 2O2 together.
University of Valencia1, University of Bristol2, Karolinska Institutet3, Hokkaido University4, Université Paris-Saclay5, Kangwon National University6, Harvard University7, University of Michigan8, Norwegian Institute of Public Health9, UPRRP College of Natural Sciences10, Pompeu Fabra University11, University of Montpellier12, Johns Hopkins University13, University of Crete14
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined associations between prenatal MeHg exposure and levels of cord blood DNA methylation (DNAm) by meta-analysis in up to seven independent studies (n = 1462) as well as persistence of those relationships in blood from 7 to 8 year-old children.
TL;DR: In this article, experimental and simulation studies are used to understand the kinetic characteristics of the thermal decomposition of α-cellulose, mainly occurring at 270-420°C, induced an apparent activation energy ranging from 175.42-42-kJ/mol to 197.73-kj/mol at a conversion of 10-90%.
TL;DR: In this paper , experimental and simulation studies are used to understand the kinetic characteristics of the thermal decomposition of α-cellulose, mainly occurring at 270-420 °C, induced an apparent activation energy ranging from 175.42kJ/mol to 197.73kj/mol at a conversion of 10-90%.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors analyzed the correlation longitudinal changes in pulmonary vascular parameters with clinical parameters in COPD patients and found that the small pulmonary vascular cross-section (CSA), quantitatively extracted from volumetric CT, is a reliable indicator for predicting pulmonary vascular changes.
Abstract: Chest computed tomography (CT) is a widely used method to assess morphological and dynamic abnormalities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The small pulmonary vascular cross-section (CSA), quantitatively extracted from volumetric CT, is a reliable indicator for predicting pulmonary vascular changes. CSA is associated with the severity of symptoms, pulmonary function tests (PFT) and emphysema and in COPD patients the severity increases over time. We analyzed the correlation longitudinal changes in pulmonary vascular parameters with clinical parameters in COPD patients.A total of 288 subjects with COPD were investigated during follow up period up to 6 years. CT images were classified into five subtypes from normal to severe emphysema according to percentage of low-attenuation areas less than -950 and -856 Hounsfield units (HU) on inspiratory and expiratory CT (LAA-950, LAA-856exp). Total number of vessels (Ntotal) and total number of vessels with area less than 5 mm2 (N<5 mm) per 1 cm2 of lung surface area (LSA) were measured at 6 mm from the pleural surface.Ntotal/LSA and N<5 mm/LSA changed from 1.16 ± 0.27 to 0.87 ± 0.2 and from 1.02 ± 0.22 to 0.78 ± 0.22, respectively, during Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage progression. Both parameters changed from normal to severe emphysema according to CT subtype from 1.39 ± 0.21 to 0.74 ± 0.17 and from 1.18 ± 0.19 to 0.67 ± 0.15, respectively. LAA-950 and LAA-856exp were negatively correlated with Ntotal/LSA (r = - 0.738, - 0.529) and N<5 mm /LSA (r = - 0.729, -- .497). On the other hand, pulmonary function test (PFT) results showed a weak correlation with Ntotal/LSA and N<5 mm/LSA (r = 0.205, 0.210). The depth in CT subtypes for longitudinal change both Ntotal/LSA and N<5 mm/LSA was (- 0.032, - 0.023) and (- 0.027) in normal and SAD, respectively.Quantitative computed tomography features faithfully reflected pulmonary vessel alterations, showing in particular that pulmonary vascular alteration started.