Leicester General Hospital

About: Leicester General Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Leicester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 2481 authors who have published 3034 publications receiving 107437 citations.

Prevalence of urinary and faecal incontinence in hospitals and residential and nursing homes for older people.

Abstract: Studies of older people in long term care have shown that urinary and faecal incontinence are more prevalent in this group than among older people in the community.1 2 3 However, data describing the size of the problem in all types of long term care are lacking. We determined the prevalence of incontinence to assess the use of aids among older people in long term care. In November 1990 a census of all people aged 65 years and over in long term care was carried out in Leicestershire.4 Data were collected on health, dependency, and the use of continence aids. Residents experiencing at least one incontinent episode weekly were defined as being incontinent …

Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy in people with multimorbidity in the UK Biobank: A longitudinal cohort study.

Abstract: Background Whether a healthy lifestyle impacts longevity in the presence of multimorbidity is unclear. We investigated the associations between healthy lifestyle and life expectancy in people with and without multimorbidity. Methods and findings A total of 480,940 middle-aged adults (median age of 58 years [range 38–73], 46% male, 95% white) were analysed in the UK Biobank; this longitudinal study collected data between 2006 and 2010, and participants were followed up until 2016. We extracted 36 chronic conditions and defined multimorbidity as 2 or more conditions. Four lifestyle factors, based on national guidelines, were used: leisure-time physical activity, smoking, diet, and alcohol consumption. A combined weighted score was developed and grouped participants into 4 categories: very unhealthy, unhealthy, healthy, and very healthy. Survival models were applied to predict life expectancy, adjusting for ethnicity, working status, deprivation, body mass index, and sedentary time. A total of 93,746 (19.5%) participants had multimorbidity. During a mean follow-up of 7 (range 2–9) years, 11,006 deaths occurred. At 45 years, in men with multimorbidity an unhealthy score was associated with a gain of 1.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.3 to 3.3; P = 0.102) additional life years compared to very unhealthy score, though the association was not significant, whilst a healthy score was significantly associated with a gain of 4.5 (3.3 to 5.7; P < 0.001) life years and a very healthy score with 6.3 (5.0 to 7.7; P < 0.001) years. Corresponding estimates in women were 3.5 (95% CI 0.7 to 6.3; P = 0.016), 6.4 (4.8 to 7.9; P < 0.001), and 7.6 (6.0 to 9.2; P < 0.001) years. Results were consistent in those without multimorbidity and in several sensitivity analyses. For individual lifestyle factors, no current smoking was associated with the largest survival benefit. The main limitations were that we could not explore the consistency of our results using a more restrictive definition of multimorbidity including only cardiometabolic conditions, and participants were not representative of the UK as a whole. Conclusions In this analysis of data from the UK Biobank, we found that regardless of the presence of multimorbidity, engaging in a healthier lifestyle was associated with up to 6.3 years longer life for men and 7.6 years for women; however, not all lifestyle risk factors equally correlated with life expectancy, with smoking being significantly worse than others.

A 15-year follow-up study of 4606 primary total knee replacements

Abstract: This is a 15-year follow-up observational study of 4390 patients with 4606 primary total knee replacements (TKRs) implanted in the Trent health region between 1990 and 1992. The operations were performed in 21 hospitals, including both district general and teaching hospitals, with 77 different surgeons as named consultant. The main objective was to analyse the survival of the patients and of the prostheses, and to evaluate what impact different variables have on survival. In addition, the 1480 patients (33.7%) (1556 TKRs) alive at 15 years following operation were sent a self-administered questionnaire which examined their level of satisfaction, of pain, and their quality of life at 15 years. Completed responses were received from 912 TKRs (58.6%). Three survival curves were constructed: a best-case scenario based on the patients entered into the life tables, another included failures not reported in the revision database, and a third worst-case scenario based on all patients lost to follow-up presumed to have had a failed primary TKR. In the best-case scenario survival at 15 years was 92.2%, and in the worst-case scenario was 81.1%. Survival was significantly increased in women and older patients (Mantel-Cox log-rank test, p < 0.005 and p < 0.001, respectively). Revision as a result of infection was required in 40 TKRs (18.8%) representing 0.87% of the original cohort. The limited information available from the questionnaire indicated that satisfaction was less frequent among men, patients with osteoarthritis and those who required revision (chi-squared test, p < 0.05, p < 0.05 and p < 0.0001, respectively). With regard to pain, older patients, females and patients who still had their primary replacement in place at 15 years, reported the least pain (chi-squared test for trends, p < 0.0005, p < 0.005 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The reported quality of life was not affected by any variable.

A dialectical behavior therapy program for people with an eating disorder and borderline personality disorder—description and outcome

Abstract: Objective To describe and evaluate a full dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) program for people with comorbid eating disorder and borderline personality disorder. The program included a novel skills training module written especially for eating-disordered patients. Method The program was run for 18 months. Days in hospital and major acts of self-harm were counted for the 18 months before and after DBT. Results There were no dropouts from the program. The patients seemed to benefit. Most patients were neither eating disordered nor self-harming at follow-up. Discussion Full DBT is an expensive and demanding treatment but deserves consideration for patients with an eating disorder and co-morbid borderline personality disorder and self-harm. There is a need for a more systematic and thorough evaluation. © 2003 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 33: 281–286, 2003.