Leicester General Hospital

About: Leicester General Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Leicester, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Transplantation. The organization has 2481 authors who have published 3034 publications receiving 107437 citations.

Segmental nature of the porcine liver and its potential as a model for experimental partial hepatectomy

Abstract: Background: In-depth knowledge of pig liver anatomy allows potential research into segmental liver resections and hepatic regeneration, as well as liver transplantation techniques. The segmental anatomy, however, remains largely unknown. This study aimed to delineate the segmental anatomy of the porcine liver in comparison with that of the human. Methods: The segmental anatomy of the porcine liver was determined using acrylic injection casting of ex vivo pig livers, allowing the arterial, venous and biliary supply to be visualized directly. This was correlated using multi-slice computed tomography (CT) and three-dimensional reconstructions. Results: Although the external morphology of the porcine liver differs from that of the human, the segmental anatomy is remarkably similar in term of its vascularity and biliary tree. Conclusion: Acrylic casting of the porcine liver accurately delineates the vascular and biliary anatomy, and is a useful tool for performing experimental liver surgery. The similarities between porcine and human segmental anatomy allow domestic swine to be used as a comparable model. Three-dimensional CT reconstructions can also accurately visualize the anatomy and may be used to perform virtual surgery, or to assess segmental volumes. Copyright © 2003 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Sedentary time and markers of chronic low-grade inflammation in a high risk population.

Abstract: Background Sedentary behaviour has been identified as a distinct risk factor for several health outcomes. Nevertheless, little research has been conducted into the underlying mechanisms driving these observations. This study aimed to investigate the association of objectively measured sedentary time and breaks in sedentary time with markers of chronic low-grade inflammation and adiposity in a population at a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Temporal trends in the long term risk of progression of mild cognitive impairment: a pooled analysis

Abstract: Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition that carries a substantial risk of dementia. The exact magnitude of that risk is uncertain because of the variations in the definition of MCI, the setting (such as memory clinic versus community) and, equally importantly, the duration of follow-up. Recently, a number of long term studies have been published with observation periods of 5 years of longer. Methods: In this quantitative review, 15 long term studies were examined and compared with the results from studies using shorter periods of observation, focusing on the annual conversion rate (ACR) of MCI to dementia. Results: The report identified six long term clinical studies conducted in specialist settings and nine long term population studies conducted in the community. Across all cohort studies with completed follow-up, the mean ACR to dementia was 4.2% (95% CI 3.9% to 4.6%). This was lower than the rate reported in studies of less than 5 years’ duration. The cumulative conversion rate averaged 31.4% in this sample. The proportion converting to dementia (and Alzheimer’s disease) declined with longer observation periods, suggesting that risk of progression diminishes with time. Conclusion: A 10–15% ACR only appears to hold true in clinical samples monitored over a short observation period. Recruitment of older individuals from specialist centres, particularly involving those who complain of cognitive difficulties (subjective memory complaints) will tend to favour high conversion rates. In the first few years of follow-up, many of those with the most adverse risk profile will tend to progress, dropout or die, leaving a cohort of less vulnerable sufferers. However, an inverse temporal relationship was also manifest in those who completed long term follow-up, suggesting other factors are involved such as sampling issues or heterogeneity in MCI itself.