Showing papers by "Mitsubishi published in 1994"

An animated electronic meeting place

Abstract: 5n7 A network-based animated electronic meeting place is provided for business meetings, education, simulated classrooms, casual encounters, personal meetings, art auctions, parties and game playing, which includes a terminal for each participant on the network and local prestored animation graphics, with simulated participants in the form of animated characters or dolls being driven through sensing of each of the participants at their respective work stations, including their position, posture, gestures, audio content and optionally that persona which each individual wishes to be displayed at the animated electronic meeting place. In one embodiment, a user chooses how he represents himself on the screen through the use of a Persona or Character control. The animated electronic meeting place is provided with real time 3-D graphics renderings, showing the meeting with all of the participants including the individual participant as himself, a microphone to capture the use's speech, digital sound processing for voice localization, and position sensors to detect the participant's gestures and/or facial expressions as well as body movement. In one embodiment, the user is also provided with a view control in the form of a joy stick to zoom in or to alter the perspective at which he is viewing the animated meeting. In a further embodiment, through sound localization detection as well as speech recognition circuits, stereo sound at each terminal can be steered so as to localize the sound to the person who is detected as talking.

Mobility and Ionic Association of Lithium and Quaternary Ammonium Salts in Propylene Carbonate and γ‐Butyrolactone

Abstract: Propylene carbonate (PC) and [gamma]-butyrolactone (GBL) are important dipolar aprotic solvents used for nonaqueous electrolytes in high energy lithium batteries, aluminum electrolytic capacitors, and electrical double-layer capacitors. The conductivities of lithium and quaternary ammonium salts have been measured in propylene carbonate and [gamma]-butyrolactone at 25 C over the concentration range of 10[sup [minus]2] to 10[sup [minus]3] mol dm[sup [minus]3]. The limiting molar conductivities and the ionic association constants were calculated by the expanded Fuoss-Hsia equation. The mobility of anions in both solvents decreased in the following order: BF[sub 4][sup [minus]] > ClO[sub 4][sup [minus]] > PF[sub 6][sup [minus]] > CF[sub 3]SO[sub 3][sup [minus]] > (CF[sub 3]SO[sub 2])[sub 2]N[sup [minus]] > C[sub 4]F[sub 9]SO[sub 3][sup [minus]] > BPh[sub 4][sup [minus]]. The association constants increased in the following order: Li(CF[sub 3]SO[sub 2])[sub 2]N, LiAsF[sub 6] < LiAsF[sub 6] < LiClO[sub 4] < LiBF[sub 4] < LiC[sub 4]F[sub 9]SO[sub 3] < LiCF[sub 3]SO[sub 3], while those of the corresponding tetraethylammonium salts were leveled by electrostatic shielding effect of alkyl groups. These results were correlated with ionic radii obtained by MM2 calculation.

Protective effects of MCI-186 on cerebral ischemia: possible involvement of free radical scavenging and antioxidant actions.

Abstract: The anti-ischemic effects and a possible mechanism of a new antistroke agent, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-pyrazolin-5-one (MCI-186), were studied. Preischemic treatment with MCI-186 (3 mg/kg i.v.) facilitated the recovery of electrocorticographic activity and prolonged survival time in global complete ischemia of rats; MCI-186 (1 and 3 mg/kg i.v.) also mitigated dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier and energy failure in hemispheric embolization of rats. Postischemic treatment with MCI-186 (3 mg/kg i.v.) decreased cortical infarction in focal embolization of rats. MCI-186 (0.6-2.4 mM) inhibited the OH.-induced hydroxylation of salicylate (maximal inhibition, 40.2%), but at 100 microM it did not influence O2- generation. MCI-186 inhibited the formation of linoleic acid-conjugated dienes caused by OH. (IC50 = 32.0 microM). Also, concurrent administration of MCI-186 (3-100 mg/kg i.v.) ameliorated hyperglycemia, hyperlipopeoxidemia and degranulation of beta-cells in alloxan (40 mg/kg i.v.)-treated rats. In addition, MCI-186 inhibited iron-dependent peroxidation in rat brain homogenates and mitochondrial homogenates (IC50 = 15.0 and 2.3 microM, respectively) and prevented iron-dependent peroxidative disintegration of mitochondrial membranes (IC50 = 39.0 microM). These findings suggest that MCI-186 has potent anti-ischemic actions and that its mechanism may be closely associated with beneficial antioxidant activities.

Parthenogenetic activation of oocytes in c-mos-deficient mice

Abstract: IN Xenopus the c-mos proto-oncogene product (Mos) is essential for the initiation of oocyte maturation1, for the progression from meiosis I to meiosis II2,3 and for the second meiotic metaphase arrest, acting as an essential component of the cytostatic factor CSF4,5. Its function in mouse oocytes is unclear6–9, however, as is the biological significance of c-mos mRNA expression in testes1,10 and several somatic tissues1,10,11. We have generated c-mos-deficient mice by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. These mice grew at the same rate as their wild-type counterparts and reproduction was normal in the males, but the fertility of the females was very low. The c-mos-deficient female mice developed ovarian teratomas at a high frequency. Oocytes from these females matured to the second meiotic metaphase both in vivo and in vitro, but were activated without fertilization. The results indicate that in mice Mos plays a role in the second meiotic metaphase arrest, but does not seem to be essential for the initiation of oocyte maturation, spermatogenesis or somatic cell cycle.

Vehicle-surroundings monitoring apparatus

Abstract: A vehicle-surroundings monitoring apparatus is free from mistakenly identifying a lane marker on a road surface or a guard rail as a vehicle traveling in the blind spot of a nearby lane. A distance detecting section detects the distance up to a vehicle which is traveling in the blind-spot of a nearby lane and which is captured by a plurality of windows as set on a display screen. A detecting range restricting section restricts a distance detecting range for each window to a predetermined range to thereby select as a nearby vehicle an object to which the distance is within the predetermined range.

Motor-driven power steering apparatus for automobiles

Abstract: A motor-driven type power steering apparatus for assisting a driver in manipulating a steering wheel of a motor vehicle includes a steering-wheel return state decision circuit for deciding whether the steering wheel is in the state to be returned to a center position, a control quantity generating and selecting circuit for generating control quantities corresponding to respective driving modes on the basis of a control quantity of the electric motor and selecting one of the control quantities in dependence on the result of the decision made as to the return state of the steering wheel, and a conversion circuit for converting the control quantities into PWM duty ratios, respectively In the normal steering operation, switching elements for energizing the motor are driven with the PWM duty ratio corresponding to a first driving mode, while upon return of the steering wheel to the center position, the switching elements are driven with the PWM duty ratio corresponding to a second driving mode A smooth steering torque control is realized with the steering-wheel return characteristic being improved

Hydrothermal synthesis of biocompatible whiskers

Abstract: The preparation of non-toxic and biocompatible fibres or whiskers is one of the most urgent tasks today, because most of the fibrous materials which have been used (including asbestos which has been used for many years) are thought to be biohazardous. Whiskers of hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2∶HAp), which is expected to be one of the best biocompatible materials, have been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal treatments of beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-Ca3(PO4)2: beta-TCP) with citric acid. These whiskers were single crystals, elongated along the c-axis, with a length of 20–30 μm and a width of 0.1–1 μm. They were slightly calcium deficient (Ca/P molar ratio = 1.63) and they contained a trace of CO 3 2− in their structure.

On the ability of establishing real-time channels in point-to-point packet-switched networks

Abstract: There are numerous applications which require packets to be delivered within pre-specified delay bounds in point-to-point packet-switched networks. To meet this requirement, we define a real-time channel as a unidirectional connection between two nodes in such a network that guarantees every packet to be delivered before a user-defined, end-to-end deadline. The goal of this paper is to lay a mathematical basis for the problem of establishing real-time channels by (i) deriving a necessary and sufficient condition for the schedulability of a set of channels over a link, and (ii) developing an efficient method for calculating the minimum delay bound over a link for each channel. Given the traffic characteristics of a channel, our results can be used to check whether or not every packet will be delivered within a pre-specified delay bound. The results are also applicable to a wide variety of real-time task scheduling problems. >

Method for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid

Abstract: A method for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid, which comprises subjecting an alkane to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst containing a mixed metal oxide comprising, as essential components, Mo, V, Te, O and X wherein X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of niobium, tantalum, tungsten, titanium, aluminum, zirconium, chromium, manganese, iron, ruthenium, cobalt, rhodium, nickel, palladium, platinum, antimony, bismuth, boron, indium and cerium, wherein the proportions of the respective essential components, based on the total amount of the essential components exclusive of oxygen, satisfy the following formulas: 0.25

Method for removing carbon dioxide from combustion exhaust gas

Abstract: A method for removing carbon dioxide from a combustion exhaust gas under atmospheric pressure by the use of a mixed solution of a specific amine compound X having an alcoholic hydroxyl group and a primary amino group which is bonded to a tertiary carbon atom having two unsubstituted alkyl groups and another amine compound Y being a diaminotoluene (DAT) selected from the group consisting of 2,3-DAT, 2,4-DAT, 2,5-DAT, 2,6-DAT, 3,4-DAT and 3,5-DAT.

Rotary motor and production method thereof, and laminated core and production method thereof

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a low cost, high performance, thin structure rotary motor for driving medium used in magnetic disk drive unit, optical disk drive unit or the like, in order to improve the productivity of terminating processing and the reliability of the coils. Magnetic materials which are divided to a plurality of blocks or divided corresponding to respective magnetic pole teeth are connected by means of thin portions. The respective magnetic pole teeth are wound continuously with wire without cutting the wire at the positions in which the thin portions are connected. When a stator is assembled, a plurality of blocks or magnetic pole teeth are disposed on a substrate by separating or bending the thin portions.

Method of producing thin-film solar cell

Abstract: In a method for fabricating a thin film solar cell, a thin semiconductor film serving as a power generating layer is formed on a substrate via an intermediate layer, a plurality of holes are formed penetrating through the thin semiconductor film and reaching the intermediate layer, and the intermediate layer is etched away through the through-holes, separating the thin semiconductor film from the substrate with high-efficiency. Since stress is hardly applied to the thin semiconductor film during the separation process, cracking and breaking of the semiconductor film is avoided. Further, since the surface of the substrate is maintained in good condition, the substrate can be reused, resulting in a reduction in the production cost.

Distance measuring apparatus

Abstract: A distance measuring apparatus comprises projection means, light receiving means, computation means and scanning means. The projection means projects plural laser beams in different directions. The light receiving means receives the light reflected from each of objects in respective beam directions. The computation means computes the distances to the objects on the basis of the reflected light. And the scanning means sequentially changes the projecting directions of said plural laser beams.

Solid oxide electrolyte fuel cell

Abstract: A solid oxide electrolyte fuel cell comprises a power generation film consisting of a solid oxide electrolyte film dimpled on almost whole area on both sides thereof, an oxygen electrode formed on one side thereof, and a fuel electrode formed on the other side of thereof, and comprises a pair of interconnectors located on both sides of the power generation film. Furthermore, this invention adopts a seal structure for sealing each side of the power generation film and each of the corresponding interconnector to achieve the above-described object. The peripheral area on the power generation film to form a seal face with the interconnector is formed to have an almost the same plane with that of the dimpled pattern formed on the power generation film, and the provided seal section has almost the same thermal expansion coefficient with the solid oxide electrolyte film which forms the power generation film.

An SOI-DRAM with wide operating voltage range by CMOS/SIMOX technology

Abstract: For future ULSI DRAMs beyond the 256 Mb generation, several circuit techniques and memory cell structures have been proposed to meet the requirement of high performance at low voltage. These solutions frequently involve complicated processing steps and/or the ultimate limitations of current Si-MOS devices. DRAM on silicon on insulator (SOI) substrate is a more simple solution to the problem. Thin-film SOI structures with isolation by implanted oxygen (SIMOX) process are under investigation for SRAM and logic. A SOI-DRAM test device with 100 nm thick SOI film has been fabricated in 0.5 /spl mu/m CMOS/SIMOX technology. With this 64 kb SOI-DRAM the bit-line to memory cell capacitance ratio Cb/Cs is reduced by 25% compared with the reference bulk-Si DRAM, because of the decreased junction capacitance. RAS access time tRAC is 70 ns at 2.7 VVcc, as fast as the equivalent bulk-Si device at 4 VVcc. The clock timing in this DRAM is not optimized, so access time should improve with well-tuned clocks. The boosted-level generator with body-contact structure enhances the upper Vcc margin and the reduced body-effect of sense-amplifier transistors improves the lower Vcc margin. The SOI-DRAM has an operating Vcc range from 2.3 V to 4.0 V. >

Test analysis apparatus and analysis method for semiconductor wafer using OBIC analysis

Abstract: A test analysis apparatus for OBIC analysis and luminous analysis from a rear surface of a semiconductor wafer. According to the present invention, a semiconductor wafer is mounted on a wafer chuck and a probe card which has metallic needles and which is movable along the X, Y, and Z axes supplies a test pulse signal to respective electrode pads on the front surface of the semiconductor wafer. Then, current generated in the semiconductor wafer is detected at the electrode pads. Optical analysis, such as irradiation with a light beam, detection of reflected light, detection of light generated in the semiconductor wafer and the like, is performed from the rear side of the semiconductor wafer, thereby enabling analysis of a failure or a defect of a defective portion while the semiconductor wafer is in actual operating conditions.

Refrigerant circulating system

Abstract: The system uses a non-azeotropic mixture as refrigerant and comprises: a main refrigerant circuit connected by a compressor (1), a four-way valve (2), an outdoor heat-exchanger (3), a first throttling device (4a-c), a plurality of indoor heat-exchangers (5a-c), and a low-pressure receiver (6); a bypass circuit diverging from the discharge portion of the compressor (1) and extending through a composition detecting heat-exchanger (9) and a second throttling device (8) to the low-pressure side; an outdoor fan (7) associated with the outdoor heat-exchanger (3); a first temperature detector (103) to detect refrigerant temperature upstream of the second throttling device (9); a second temperature detector (104) to detect refrigerant temperature downstream of the second throttling device (8); a first pressure detector (102) to detect pressure downstream of the second throttling device (8); a third temperature detector (105a-c) to detect temperature in the main circuit between the first throttling device (4a-c) and the indoor heat-exchangers (5a-c); a fourth temperature detector (106a-c) to detect temperature at the low-pressure side; a second pressure detector (101) to detect the pressure at the high-pressure sides a device (21) for calculating the composition of the mixture refrigerant, a main controller (22) for controlling the speed of the compressor (1) ) and the speed of the fan (7) on the basis of the refrigerant composition and pressure; and a controller (23) for controlling the opening of the first throttling device (4a-c).

GaN single crystal

Abstract: A GaN single crystal having a full width at half-maximum of the double-crystal X-ray rocking curve of 5-250 sec and a thickness of not less than 80 μm, a method for producing the GaN single crystal having superior quality and sufficient thickness permitting its use as a substrate and a semiconductor light emitting element having high luminance and high reliability, comprising, as a substrate, the GaN single crystal having superior quality and/or sufficient thickness permitting its use as a substrate.

Hydrophobic interaction at the subunit interface contributes to the thermostability of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from an extreme thermophile, Thermus thermophilus.

Abstract: We cloned and sequenced the leuB gene encoding 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli K-12 (JM103). Errors (33 residues) were found and corrected in the sequence previously reported for the leuB gene of Thermus thermophilus. The three-dimensional structure of the thermophile enzyme and the amino acid sequence comparison suggested that a part of the high stability of the T. thermophilus enzyme is conferred by increased hydrophobic interaction at the subunit-subunit interface. Two residues at the interface of the T. thermophilus enzyme, Leu246 and Val249, are substituted with less hydrophobic residues, Glu and Met, respectively, in the E. coli enzyme, whereas other residues in this region are highly conserved. The mutated T. thermophilus enzyme [L246E, V249M]IPMDH had reduced stability to heat. Two residues of the E. coli dehydrogenase, Glu256 and Met259, were replaced with the corresponding residues from the thermophile sequence. The resulted mutant enzyme was more resistant to heat than the wild-type enzyme.

An adaptive maximum-likelihood sequence estimator for fast time-varying intersymbol interference channels

Abstract: This paper proposes an adaptive maximum-likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE), which is a suboptimum approximation to the adaptive maximum-likelihood detector and is capable of tracking fast time-varying intersymbol interference (ISI) channels. The adaptive MLSE consists of a channel estimator and an MLSE implemented by the Viterbi algorithm (VA). The novel feature of the proposed adaptive MLSE is a channel estimation scheme, where the channel estimation is accomplished for each state in the VA along the surviving path connected to each state. This MLSE makes it possible to estimate a channel impulse response without an influence of a decision delay inherent in the VA, and the performance and complexity of the proposed procedure is controlled by the memory length of the VA. The bit error rate performance of the proposed MLSE is confirmed by experimental results. It is shown that the proposed MLSE has a capability of excellent tracking performance in a severe environment caused by fast time-varying ISI, for example frequency selective multipath fading in digital mobile radio communications. >

Factors affecting party size and composition of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) Bossou, Guinea

Abstract: I studied the party sizes of western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus)and factors assumed to affect them at Bossou, Republic of Guinea, West Africa. Party size is negatively correlated with feeding ratio, and larger parties tend to be formed in more dangerous situations (i.e. crossing roads with much traffic). When parties included estrous females, young (i.e., late juvenile and adolescent) males tended to forage with them, independently from their mothers. Lactating females with infants tended to spend more time alone, but the trend was not as apparent as it is in P. t. schweinfurthiat Gombe, Tanzania. These facts suggest that several factors, in addition to food availability, affect party formation, or fission-fusion, of chimpanzees. I also briefly discuss comparatively the pattern of party formation in P. paniscus.

Fuel feeding system for internal combustion engine

Abstract: A fuel feeding system is provided for an internal combustion engine to permit appropriate feeding of fuel in accordance with the state of operation of the engine. A fuel line (3) is arranged as a recirculation circuit between a fuel injector (1) and a fuel tank (2). A low-pressure fuel pump (4) is arranged in an upstream part of the fuel line (3). A high-pressure fuel pump (5) is arranged between the fuel pump (4) and the injector (1). A high-pressure regulator (10) is arranged in a fuel line portion on a downstream side of the regulator (10) to control the pressure of fuel delivered from the pump (5). A bypass line (13) connects another fuel line portion on an upstream side of the regulator (10) and the fuel line portion each other. A switching valve (14) is arranged in the bypass line (13) to open or close the same. A low-pressure regulator (9) controls the pressure of fuel in the fuel line portion at a pressure lower than a control pressure set by the regulator (10) while the switching valve (14) is open. ECU (30) is arranged to perform open/close control of the switching valve (14) so that the switching valve (14) is closed in an ordinary operation state of the engine but is opened in a specific operation state of the engine.

Semiconductor device having trench structure

Abstract: A trench is formed on a main surface of a p+ type monocrystalline silicon substrate. A silicon oxide film is formed extending from the inner surface of trench onto the main surface of p+ type monocrystalline silicon substrate. The thickness of a corner portion positioned on the upper end corner portion of the sidewall of trench in silicon oxide film is larger than the thickness of silicon oxide film positioned on the sidewall of trench. An n type polycrystalline silicon layer extending from the inside of trench onto the main surface of p+ type monocrystalline silicon substrate is formed on silicon oxide film. Thus, a semiconductor device having a trench structure with an improved breakdown voltage for an insulating layer positioned on an upper end corner portion of the sidewall of a trench is obtained.

Semiconductor memory device

Abstract: An improved semiconductor memory device which can increase the capacitor capacitance and improve the processing accuracy of a storage node can be obtained. The device includes a plurality of first field regions which are formed at a predetermined pitch in the running direction of bit line. A plurality of second field regions are formed adjacent to and parallel to the rows formed by the plurality of first field regions, and formed at the same pitch as above. The first field regions and the second field regions are formed shifted from each other by 1/4 pitch in the running direction of bit line. A stacked-type capacitor having bit line buried under cell plate electrode is provided in the first field regions and the second field regions.