SRM University

About: SRM University is a education organization based out in Chennai, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Population. The organization has 10787 authors who have published 11704 publications receiving 103767 citations. The organization is also known as: Sri Ramaswamy Memorial University.

Experimental investigation to reduce emissions of CI (compression ignition) engine fuelled with methyl ester of cottonseed oil using antioxidant

Abstract: Biodiesel offers cleaner combustion over conventional diesel fuel, including reduced particulate matter, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. However, several studies point to increase in NOx emissions (about 13%) for biodiesel fuel compared with conventional diesel fuel. In this paper, the experimental investigation on the effect of antioxidant additive (l-ascorbic acid) on NOx emissions in a methyl ester of cottonseed oil- (MECSO) fuelled direct injection diesel engine has been reported. The antioxidant additive is mixed in various proportions (100–400 mg) with MECSO and was tested in computerised four-stroke water-cooled single-cylinder diesel engine of 3.5 kW rated power. Results show that the antioxidant additive is effective in controlling the NOx and HC emissions of MECSO-fuelled diesel engines.

High-Temperature Hydrogen Gas Sensor Based on Three-Dimensional Hierarchical-Nanostructured Nickel–Cobalt Oxide

Abstract: The design of hierarchical metal oxide nanostructured systems has emerged as an effective strategy for improving the performance of hydrogen (H2) gas sensing to facilitate a H2 economy. H2 gas sensors that can operate at elevated temperatures (≥500 °C) are necessary for advanced combustion monitoring and emission control in the automotive industry. Here we report on a hierarchical three-dimensional nickel and cobalt oxide nanomaterial as an efficient high-temperature gas sensor for H2 detection. Our study reveals that the response of the nickel–cobalt oxides strongly depends on the morphology and ratio of Ni/Co. The flower-like NiO nanomaterial demonstrates a p-type response to H2 at 300–500 °C and an n-type response to H2 gas at 600 °C. The developed nickel–cobalt oxide sensor exhibits a unique performance and superior sensitivity at elevated temperatures of ∼500 °C but a negligible response at 300–400 °C. A high surface area with small nanopores and a sensitive change in the crystalline nature at >500 °...

Treatment With Naringenin Elevates the Activity of Transcription Factor Nrf2 to Protect Pancreatic β-Cells From Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: Chronic hyperglycemia and unusually high oxidative stress are the key contributors for diabetes in humans. Since nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) controls the expression of antioxidant- and detoxification genes, it is hypothesized that targeted activation of Nrf2 using phytochemicals is likely to protect pancreatic β-cells, from oxidative damage, thereby mitigates the complications of diabetes. Naringenin is one such activator of Nrf2. However, it is currently not known whether the protective effect of naringenin against streptozotocin (STZ) induced damage is mediated by Nrf2 activation. Hence, the potential of naringenin to activate Nrf2 and protect pancreatic β-cells from STZ-induced damage in MIN6 cells is studied. In MIN6 cells, naringenin could activate Nrf2 and its target genes GST and NQO1, thereby inhibit cellular apoptosis. In animals, administration of 50 mg/kg body weight naringenin, for 45 days, significantly decreased STZ-induced blood glucose levels, normalized the lipid profile, and augmented the levels of antioxidants in pancreatic tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis measuring the number of insulin-positive cells in pancreas showed restoration of insulin expression similar to control animals. Furthermore, naringenin promoted glycolysis while inhibiting gluconeogenesis. In conclusion, naringenin could be a good anti-diabetic agent, which works by promoting Nrf2 levels and by decreasing cellular oxidative stress.

Effect of fins and silicon dioxide nanoparticle black paint on the absorber plate for augmenting yield from tubular solar still

Abstract: The present study aims at enhancing the yield of tubular solar still (TSS) by employing fins and coating the absorber plate. We doped the SiO2 nanoparticles into black paint at the weight concentration ranging from 10 to 40%. The solar still was tested in a bright sunny climatic condition of Chennai, Indian (lat. 13° 08′ N and long. 80° 27′ E). Under transient heat flux conditions, water, basin, and TSS glass temperatures with and without fin were measured. The rate of heat transfer by convection between the water and absorber plate was increased. Results revealed that the basin and water temperatures were improved by 10.49% and 10.88%, respectively when using black paint with SiO2 nanoparticle in the concentration of 20%, coated on the absorber plate compared to that when using the ordinary black paint, while using the fins on the absorber plate enhanced the potable water produced by 55.18% when using 20% SiO2 nanoparticle compared to that of conventional TSS. The cost per liter of water produced using the flat and finned absorber coated using 20% SiO2 nanoparticle in black paint is found as 0.0187 and 0.012 $/L respectively.