Showing papers by "Swedish Institute published in 2020"
TL;DR: Over the last two decades, health spending on cancer has increased faster than the increase in cancer incidence, and the productivity loss from premature mortality has decreased because of reductions in mortality in the working-age population.
136 citations
TL;DR: Analyzing costs of hospital-based healthcare and work absence related to individual macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes in Sweden in 2016 found costs of absence from work were found to be greater than ofospital-based care, highlighting the need for considering treatment consequences in a societal perspective in research and policy.
Abstract: The risk of complications and medical consequences of type 2 diabetes are well known. Hospital costs have been identified as a key driver of total costs in studies of the economic burden of type 2 diabetes. Less evidence has been generated on the impact of individual diabetic complications on the overall societal burden. The objective of this study was to analyse costs of hospital-based healthcare (inpatient and outpatient care) and work absence related to individual macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes in Sweden in 2016. Data for 2016 were retrieved from a Swedish national retrospective observational database cross-linking individual-level data for 1997–2016. The database contained information from population-based health, social insurance and socioeconomic registers for 392,200 people with type 2 diabetes and matched control participants (5:1). Presence of type 2 diabetes and of diabetes complications were derived using all years, 1997–2016. Costs of hospital-based care and of absence from work due to diabetes complications were estimated for the year 2016. Regression analysis was used for comparison with control participants to attribute absence from work to individual complications, and to account for joint presence of complications. Use of hospital care for complications was higher in type 2 diabetes compared with control participants in 2016: 26% vs 12% had ≥1 hospital contact; there were 86,104 vs 24,608 outpatient visits per 100,000 people; and there were 9894 vs 2546 inpatient admissions per 100,000 people (all p < 0.001). The corresponding total costs of hospital-based care for complications were €919 vs €232 per person (p < 0.001), and 74.7% of costs were then directly attributed to diabetes (€687 per person). Regression analyses distributed the costs of days absent from work across diabetes complications per se, basic type 2 diabetes effect and unattributed causes. Diabetes complications amounted to €1317 per person in 2016, accounting for possible complex interactions (25% of total costs of days absent). Key drivers of costs were the macrovascular complications angina pectoris, heart failure and stroke; and the microvascular complications eye diseases, including retinopathy, kidney disease and neuropathy. Early mortality in working ages cost an additional €579 per person and medications used in risk-factor treatment amounted to €418 per person. The economic burden of complications in type 2 diabetes is substantial. Costs of absence from work in this study were found to be greater than of hospital-based care, highlighting the need for considering treatment consequences in a societal perspective in research and policy. Graphical abstract
36 citations
The George Institute for Global Health1, Swedish Institute2, University of Melbourne3, University of Florida4, Tulane University5, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention6, Cardiff University7, University of Michigan8, Heilbronn University9, University of Sheffield10, University of Oxford11, University of Groningen12, Menzies Research Institute13
TL;DR: The Ninth Mount Hood Diabetes Challenge demonstrated that commonly used risk equations were generally unable to capture recent CVOT treatment effects but that calibration of the risk equations can improve predictive accuracy.
28 citations
TL;DR: The societal costs of problem gambling in Sweden amounted to 1.42 billion euros in 2018, corresponding to 0.30% of the gross domestic product, and a stronger focus on prevention and treatment might help to reduce many of the very high indirect and intangible costs in the future.
Abstract: Problem gambling is a public health issue affecting both the gamblers, their families, their employers, and society as a whole. Recent law changes in Sweden oblige local and regional health authorities to invest more in prevention and treatment of problem gambling. The economic consequences of gambling, and thereby the potential economic consequences of policy changes in the area, are unknown, as the cost of problem gambling to society has remained largely unexplored in Sweden and similar settings. A prevalence-based cost-of-illness study for Sweden for the year 2018 was conducted. A societal approach was chosen in order to include direct costs (such as health care and legal costs), indirect costs (such as lost productivity due to unemployment), and intangible costs (such as reduced quality of life due to emotional distress). Costs were estimated by combining epidemiological and unit cost data. The societal costs of problem gambling amounted to 1.42 billion euros in 2018, corresponding to 0.30% of the gross domestic product. Direct costs accounted only for 13% of the total costs. Indirect costs accounted for more than half (59%) of the total costs, while intangible costs accounted for 28%. The societal costs were more than twice as high as the tax revenue from gambling in 2018. Direct and indirect costs of problem gambling combined amounted to one third of the equivalent costs of smoking and one sixth of the costs of alcohol consumption in Sweden. Problem gambling is increasingly recognized as a public health issue. The societal costs of it are not negligible, also in relation to major public health issues of an addictive nature such as smoking and alcohol consumption. Direct costs for prevention and treatment are very low. A stronger focus on prevention and treatment might help to reduce many of the very high indirect and intangible costs in the future.
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the empirical relationship between prejudicial attitudes toward homosexuality and the wages of gay men in the United States was estimated, and the relationship was shown to be a function of discrimination.
Abstract: This article estimates the empirical relationship between prejudicial attitudes toward homosexuality and the wages of gay men in the United States. It combines data on prejudicial attitudes toward ...
21 citations
11 Oct 2020
TL;DR: The use of cost-benefit analysis and saved young life equivalents were proposed as alternatives to QALYs for the valuations of outcomes of GRT as they can incorporate broader elements of value and avoid problems of eliciting utilities for paediatric diseases.
Abstract: Objective: To provide recommendations for addressing previously identified key challenges in health economic evaluations of Gene Replacement Therapies (GRTs), including: 1) the assessment of clinical effectiveness; 2) the valuation of health outcomes; 3) the time horizon and extrapolation of effects beyond trial duration; 4) the estimation of costs; 5) the selection of appropriate discount rates; 6) the incorporation of broader elements of value; and 7) affordability. Methods: A literature review on economic evaluations of GRT was performed. Interviews were conducted with 8 European and US health economic experts with experience in evaluations of GRT. Targeted literature reviews were conducted to investigate further potential solutions to specific challenges. Recommendations: Experts agreed on factors to be considered to ensure the acceptability of historical cohorts by HTA bodies. Existing prospective registries or, if not available, retrospective registries, may be used to analyse different disease trajectories and inform extrapolations. The importance of expert opinion due to limited data was acknowledged. Expert opinion should be obtained using structured elicitation techniques. Broader elements of value, beyond health gains directly related to treatment, can be considered through the application of a factor to inflate the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) or a higher cost-effectiveness threshold. Additionally, the use of cost-benefit analysis and saved young life equivalents (SAVE) were proposed as alternatives to QALYs for the valuations of outcomes of GRT as they can incorporate broader elements of value and avoid problems of eliciting utilities for paediatric diseases. Conclusions: While some of the limitations of economic evaluations of GRT are inherent to limited clinical data and lack of experience with these treatments, others may be addressed by methodological research to be conducted by health economists.
19 citations
TL;DR: The PIONEER project is introduced and its aims and plans for ultimately improving prostate cancer care through the use of big data are described, including a detailed prioritization exercise including all key stakeholders.
Abstract: Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Enhancement Through the Power of Big Data in Europe (PIONEER) is a European network of excellence for big data in prostate cancer, consisting of 32 private and public stakeholders from 9 countries across Europe. Launched by the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 and part of the Big Data for Better Outcomes Programme (BD4BO), the overarching goal of PIONEER is to provide high-quality evidence on prostate cancer management by unlocking the potential of big data. The project has identified critical evidence gaps in prostate cancer care, via a detailed prioritization exercise including all key stakeholders. By standardizing and integrating existing high-quality and multidisciplinary data sources from patients with prostate cancer across different stages of the disease, the resulting big data will be assembled into a single innovative data platform for research. Based on a unique set of methodologies, PIONEER aims to advance the field of prostate cancer care with a particular focus on improving prostate-cancer-related outcomes, health system efficiency by streamlining patient management, and the quality of health and social care delivered to all men with prostate cancer and their families worldwide.
19 citations
TL;DR: The main driver behind risk sharing in Sweden so far have seem to be affordability rather than managing uncertainty, and incentives created using the literature on performance-based reimbursement schemes in Sweden are analyzed.
18 citations
TL;DR: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 90 is suggested to be the new standard endpoint for randomized controlled trials of biologics for psoriasis, whereas treatment guidelines often still refer to PASI 75.
Abstract: Background: Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 90 is suggested to be the new standard endpoint for randomized controlled trials of biologics for psoriasis, whereas treatment guidelines often ...
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors highlight themes that have been identified as vital and important for research projects, and highlight the issues that need to be addressed in QM. But they do not discuss how to address these issues.
Abstract: Quality management (QM) has shown an impressive ability to update and evolve. The purpose of this paper is to highlight themes that have been identified as vital and important for research projects...
17 citations
TL;DR: Investigation of the direction and magnitude of bias of IHE-DCM cost-effectiveness estimates found that can be attributed to the cohort modeling approach found little evidence that estimated cost- effectiveness metrics, the outcomes that matter most to stakeholders, differed systematically.
Abstract: Economic modeling is widely used in estimating cost-effectiveness in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Because type 2 diabetes is complex and patients are heterogenous, the cohort modeling approach may generate biased estimates of costeffectiveness. The IHE Diabetes Cohort Model (IHE-DCM) was constructed using the cohort approach as an alternative for stakeholders with limited resources, some of whom have voiced reasonable concerns about a lack of transparency with type 2 diabetes micro-simulation models and long run times. The objective of this study was to inform decision makers by investigating the direction and magnitude of bias of IHE-DCM cost-effectiveness estimates that can be attributed to the cohort modeling approach. Simulation scenarios inspired by the 9th Mount Hood Diabetes Challenge were simulated with IHE-DCM and with a micro-simulation model, the Economic and Health Outcomes Model of T2DM (ECHO-T2DM), and key metrics (absolute and incremental costs and quality-adjusted life-years, event rates, and cost-effectiveness) were compared for evidence of systematic differences. The models were harmonized to the extent possible to ensure that differences were driven primarily by the unit of observation and not by other model differences. IHE-DCM run times were faster and IHE-DCM produced uniformly larger estimates of absolute life-years, quality-adjusted life-years, and costs than ECHO-T2DM but smaller between-arm (incremental) differences. Estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and net monetary benefits varied similarly and predictably across the scenarios. On average, IHE-DCM estimates of incremental cost-effectiveness ratios and net monetary benefits were CAN$269 (3%) and CAN$2935 (10%) smaller, respectively, than ECHO-T2DM. There was little evidence that estimated cost-effectiveness metrics, the outcomes that matter most to stakeholders, differed systematically.
TL;DR: Evidence on the persisting impact on productivity from complications that supports continued efforts to reduce risk factors in T2D is provided and new set of complication-specific estimates are explored to improve understanding of the value of reducing complications.
Abstract: Aims: To analyse days absent from work related to individual microvascular, macrovascular and other complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to identify key drivers of absence. Materials and methods: National health and socio-economic individual-level data were analysed for the years 1997 to 2016 for people with T2D, and age-, sex- and residential region-matched controls (5:1) using linkage to Swedish national administrative registers, based on personal identity numbers. Regression analyses accounting for individual-level clustering and education were estimated to obtain days absent by individual complications. Alternative analyses, for example, workforce indicator and age subgroups, were explored for robustness and comparison purposes. Results: A total of 413 000 people with T2D aged <66 years, comprising 4.9 million person-years, was included. The crude proportion with any absence was higher among those with T2D compared to controls (47% vs. 26%) in the index year, and the median (IQR) number of days was higher (223 [77;359] vs. 196 [59;352]) if any absence. Regression analyses showed that complications per se were a key driver of days absent: stroke (+102 days); end-stage renal disease (+70 days); severe vision loss (+56 days); and angina pectoris, heart failure, and osteoarthritis (+53 days each). The alternative analyses showed similar levels of days absent and age subgroups differed in expected directions. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the persisting impact on productivity from complications that supports continued efforts to reduce risk factors in T2D. Future studies on burden of disease and economic evaluations of new therapies and disease management may use this new set of complication-specific estimates to improve understanding of the value of reducing complications. (Less)
TL;DR: The importance of intangible assets has increased the need for non-financial performance measurements, and there is a need to measure non-bankruptcy risk as discussed by the authors, which is the most frequently used measurement metric.
Abstract: Trends like servitisation and globalisation have increased the importance of intangible assets, and, accordingly, a need for non-financial performance measurements, the most frequently used being ‘...
TL;DR: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibition with evolocumab added to maximum tolerated dose of statin and ezetimibe may be considered cost-effective at its list price for minimum LDL-C levels, with ICERs below the accepted willingness-to-pay threshold in Sweden.
Abstract: AIMS To assess the cost-effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibition with evolocumab added to standard-of-care lipid-lowering treatment (maximum tolerated dose [MTD] of statin and ezetimibe) in Swedish patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS AND RESULTS Cost-effectiveness was evaluated using a Markov model based on Swedish observational data on cardiovascular event rates and efficacy from the FOURIER trial. Three risk profiles were considered: recent MI in the previous year; history of MI with a risk factor; and history of MI with a second event within 2 years. For each population, three minimum baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were considered: 2.5 mmol/L (≈100 mg/dL), based on the current reimbursement recommendation in Sweden); 1.8 mmol/L (≈70 mg/dL), based on 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines; and 1.4 mmol/L (≈55 mg/dL), or 1.0 mmol/L (≈40 mg/dL) for MI with a second event, based on 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines. PCSK9 inhibition with evolocumab was associated with increased quality-adjusted life-years and costs versus standard-of-care therapy. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were below SEK700,000 (∼€66,500), the generally accepted willingness-to-pay threshold in Sweden, for minimum LDL-C levels of 2.3 (recent MI), 1.7 (MI with a risk factor) and 1.7 mmol/L (MI with a second event). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that base-case results were robust to changes in model parameters. CONCLUSION PCSK9 inhibition with evolocumab added to MTD of statin and ezetimibe may be considered cost-effective at its list price for minimum LDL-C levels of 1.7-2.3 mmol/L, depending on risk profile, with ICERs below the accepted willingness-to-pay threshold in Sweden.
TL;DR: The appropriate level and timing of clinical evidence throughout the lifecycle of high-risk implantable medical devices and how the clinical evidence generation ecosystem could be adapted to optimize patient access are addressed.
Abstract: Introduction: The new European Union (EU) Regulations on medical devices and on in vitro diagnostics
provide manufacturers and Notified Bodies with new tools to improve pre-market and post-market
clinical evidence generation especially for high-risk products but fail to indicate what type of clinical
evidence is appropriate at each stage of the whole lifecycle of medical devices. In this paper we
address: i) the appropriate level and timing of clinical evidence throughout the lifecycle of high-risk
implantable medical devices; and ii) how the clinical evidence generation ecosystem could be adapted
to optimize patient access.
Areas covered: The European regulatory and health technology assessment (HTA) contexts are
reviewed, in relation to the lifecycle of high-risk medical devices and clinical evidence generation
recommended by international network or endorsed by regulatory and HTA agencies in different
jurisdictions.
Expert opinion: Four stages are relevant for clinical evidence generation: i) pre-clinical, pre-market; ii)
clinical, pre-market; iii) diffusion, post-market; and iv) obsolescence & replacement, post-market. Each
stage has its own evaluation needs and specific studies are recommended to generate the appropriate
evidence. Effective lifecycle planning requires anticipation of what evidence will be needed at each
stage
TL;DR: Participation in a CVD prevention programme in primary healthcare focusing on promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle was associated with lower risk of CV events, CV deaths and all-cause deaths after two decades.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate long-term risk of first cardiovascular (CV) events, CV deaths and all-cause deaths in community-dwelling participants of a cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention programme delivered in a primary care setting. Methods Individuals who visited a primary healthcare service in Sollentuna (Sweden) and agreed to participate in the programme between 1988 and 1993 were followed. They had at least one CV risk factor but no prior myocardial infarction and received support to increase physical activity using the programme Physical Activity on Prescription and to adopt health-promoting behaviours including cooking classes, weight reduction, smoking cessation and stress management. Participants (n=5761) were compared with a randomly selected, propensity score-matched reference group from the general population in Stockholm County (n=34 556). All individuals were followed in Swedish registers until December 2011. Results In the intervention group and the reference group there were 698 (12.1%) and 4647 (13.4%) first CV events, 308 (5.3%) and 2261 (6.5%) CV deaths, and 919 (16.5%) and 6405 (18.5%) all-cause deaths, respectively, during a mean follow-up of 22 years. The HR (95% CI) in the intervention group compared with the reference group was 0.88 (0.81 to 0.95) for first CV events, 0.79 (0.70 to 0.89) for CV deaths and 0.83 (0.78 to 0.89) for all-cause deaths. Conclusions Participation in a CVD prevention programme in primary healthcare focusing on promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle was associated with lower risk of CV events (12%), CV deaths (21%) and all-cause deaths (17%) after two decades. Promoting physical activity and healthy living in the primary healthcare setting may prevent CVD.
TL;DR: The importance of basing and tailoring the intervention to patients’ needs and thus being person-centered was confirmed and the importance of confirming reminders and the possible role of habit-forming was demonstrated.
Abstract: The aim of this study is to increase evidence-based interventions by investigating the feasibility of an intervention using an interactive digital calendar with mobile phone reminders (RemindMe) as support in everyday life. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected from participating patients (n = 8) and occupational therapists (n = 7) from three rehabilitation clinics in Sweden. The intervention consisted of delivering the interactive digital calendar RemindMe, receiving an individualized introduction, a written manual, and individual weekly conversations for two months with follow-up assessments after two and four months. Feasibility areas of acceptability, demand, implementation, practicality, and integration were examined. Patients expressed their interest and intention to use RemindMe and reported a need for reminders and individualized support. By using reminders in activities in everyday life their autonomy was supported. The study also demonstrated the importance of confirming reminders and the possible role of habit-forming. Occupational therapists perceived the intervention to be useful at the rehabilitation clinics and the weekly support conversations enabled successful implementation. This study confirmed the importance of basing and tailoring the intervention to patients’ needs and thus being person-centered.
TL;DR: The authors examined the nature of literature reviews published in Australian Social Work between 2007 and 2017, and an audit was conducted to determine the number of reviews; types of reviews (systemat...
Abstract: This study examined the nature of literature reviews published in Australian Social Work between 2007 and 2017. An audit was conducted to determine the number of reviews; types of reviews (systemat...
TL;DR: Deaf gamers may have better visuospatial attentional control than deaf non-gamers, probably because they are less susceptible to parafoveal distractions, and future work should examine the robustness of this potential gaming benefit and whether it is associated with neural plasticity in early deaf signers, as well as whether gaming intervention can improve visUospatial cognition in deaf people.
Abstract: Auditory cortex in congenitally deaf early sign language users reorganizes to support cognitive processing in the visual domain. However, evidence suggests that the potential benefits of this reorganization are largely unrealized. At the same time, there is growing evidence that experience of playing computer and console games improves visual cognition, in particular visuospatial attentional processes. In the present study, we investigated in a group of deaf early signers whether those who reported recently playing computer or console games (deaf gamers) had better visuospatial attentional control than those who reported not playing such games (deaf non-gamers), and whether any such effect was related to cognitive processing in the visual domain. Using a classic test of attentional control, the Eriksen Flanker task, we found that deaf gamers performed on a par with hearing controls, while the performance of deaf non-gamers was poorer. Among hearing controls there was no effect of gaming. This suggests that deaf gamers may have better visuospatial attentional control than deaf non-gamers, probably because they are less susceptible to parafoveal distractions. Future work should examine the robustness of this potential gaming benefit and whether it is associated with neural plasticity in early deaf signers, as well as whether gaming intervention can improve visuospatial cognition in deaf people.
TL;DR: The quality concept has developed over many generations as discussed by the authors, and the purpose of this article is to review and describe how the quality movement developed through four sequential generations and how a fifth generation developed it.
Abstract: The quality concept has developed over many generations. The purpose of this article is to review and describe how the quality movement developed through four sequential generations and how a fifth...
TL;DR: A simulation model that can be used to estimate the long-term health and economic consequences of DKD treatment interventions for patients matching the CREDENCE study population is developed and is an important new tool in the evaluation of treatment interventions in the DKD population.
Abstract: The Canagliflozin and Renal Endpoints in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation (CREDENCE) study showed that compared with placebo, canagliflozin 100 mg significantly reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events and adverse renal outcomes in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). We developed a simulation model that can be used to estimate the long-term health and economic consequences of DKD treatment interventions for patients matching the CREDENCE study population. The CREDENCE Economic Model of DKD (CREDEM-DKD) was developed using patient-level data from CREDENCE (which recruited patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate 30 to 300–5000 mg/g, and taking the maximum tolerated dose of a renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitor). Risk prediction equations were fit for start of maintenance dialysis, doubling of serum creatinine, hospitalization for heart failure, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and all-cause mortality. A micro-simulation model was constructed using these risk equations combined with user-definable kidney transplant event risks. Internal validation was performed by loading the model to replicate the CREDENCE study and comparing predictions with trial Kaplan–Meier estimate curves. External validation was performed by loading the model to replicate a subgroup of the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study (CANVAS) Program with patient characteristics that would have qualified for inclusion in CREDENCE. Risk prediction equations generally fit well and exhibited good concordance, especially for the placebo arm. In the canagliflozin arm, modest underprediction was observed for myocardial infarction, along with overprediction of dialysis, doubling of serum creatinine, and all-cause mortality. Discrimination was strong (0.85) for the renal outcomes, but weaker for the macrovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality (0.60–0.68). The model performed well in internal and external validation exercises. CREDEM-DKD is an important new tool in the evaluation of treatment interventions in the DKD population. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT02065791.
TL;DR: The concept of sustainable development has become widely accepted among nations, organisations and individuals as mentioned in this paper.According to the Bruntland Commission, sustainable development is defined as a develo...
Abstract: The concept of sustainable development has become widely accepted among nations, organisations and individuals. According to the Bruntland Commission, Sustainable Development is defined as a develo...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors adapted and validated the school engagement questionnaire (Engagement Versus Disaffection with Learning: Teacher Report, EDL) in the Swedish educational context, and investigated if it assesses the same construct as a measure of engagement used for children of preschool age.
Abstract: To follow the trajectories of children’s engagement in learning, validated measures of engagement appropriate for different ages and educational contexts are needed. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the school engagement questionnaire (Engagement Versus Disaffection with Learning: Teacher Report, EDL) in the Swedish educational context, and to investigate if it assesses the same construct as a measure of engagement used for children of preschool age. After translating the questionnaire to Swedish, cognitive interviews were conducted with six teachers to check for interpretability and relevance of the items. For psychometric validation, teachers of 110 six to seven-year-old children filled out EDL on two occasions two weeks apart. On the first occasion, they also filled out the Child Engagement Questionnaire, a measure of global engagement intended for children of preschool age. Dimensional structure, convergent validity, test-retest reliability, and internal consistency of EDL were investigated. Factor analysis provided support for differentiating between behavioral and emotional components of school engagement. Measures of school and preschool engagement used in this study correlated highly, which provides support for using them to study the engagement of children as they develop, and their educational contexts change. The subscales of behavioral and emotional engagement showed good test-retest reliability and internal consistency.
TL;DR: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
13 May 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, an international comparison of the role of reading L.M Montgomery in the lives of adult leisure readers in Sweden and Canada is presented. But their analysis of open-ended qualitative interviews with Canadian readers and written accounts submitted by Swedish readers focuses on ten themes, all linked by the powerful current of emotion evoked in avid Montgomery readers.
Abstract: This article provides an international comparison of the role of reading L.M Montgomery in the lives of adult leisure readers in Sweden and Canada. Our analysis of open-ended qualitative interviews with Canadian readers and written accounts submitted by Swedish readers focuses on ten themes, all linked by the powerful current of emotion evoked in avid Montgomery readers.
TL;DR: According to parents, ATC supported cognitive functions in all groups, but it became evident that the parents were responsible for planning by setting up the ATC, whilst the children merely executed the plans.
Abstract: Assistive Technology for Cognition (ATC) is employed by children with and without disabilities. However, how the ATC is used in everyday life has not been studied. The current study investigated AT ...
TL;DR: The results support the difference model of ID, and participants with ID could not utilise their life experience when solving the planning task, contrary to the MA group.
Abstract: Background The literature on planning ability in individuals with intellectual disability (ID) provides no clarity on whether their ability matches their mental age (MA) or not. Perhaps can plannin ...
TL;DR: This paper analyzes a two-person, two-stage model of sequential exploration where both information and payoff externalities exist and tests the derived hypotheses in the laboratory.
Abstract: This paper analyzes a two-person, two-stage model of sequential exploration where both information and payoff externalities exist and tests the derived hypotheses in the laboratory. We theoreticall...
TL;DR: Based on the psychology of work model, it is demonstrated that work is associated with social connectedness, self-determination and a source of improved health outcomes in actively working people with USH2.
Abstract: Purpose: This study aimed to explore lived experiences with working life from the perspective of people with deafblindness due to Usher syndrome type 2 (USH2). Background: A limited number of studi...
TL;DR: This study estimates the cost of cancer care is evolving rapidly, and costs and value of new treatments are often causing headlines without being discussed in a larger context.
Abstract: e19051Background: Cancer care is evolving rapidly, and costs and value of new treatments are often causing headlines without being discussed in a larger context. This study estimates the cost of ca...