Texas Medical Center

About: Texas Medical Center is a healthcare organization based out in Houston, Texas, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 2845 authors who have published 2394 publications receiving 79426 citations.

Inhibition of experimental ascending urinary tract infection by an epithelial cell-surface receptor analogue

Abstract: It has been shown that the establishment of urinary tract infection by Escherichia coli is dependent on attachment of the bacteria to epithelial cells. The attachment involves specific epithelial cell receptors, which have been characterized as glycolipids. Reversible binding to cell-surface mannosides may also be important. This suggests an approach to the treatment of infections--that of blocking bacterial attachment with cell membrane receptor analogues. Using E. coli mutants lacking one or other of the two binding specificities (glycolipid and mannose), we show here that glycolipid analogues can block in vitro adhesion and in vivo urinary tract infection.

Prognosis in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma.

Abstract: Survival data on 78 children with rhabdomyosarcoma indicated that age, histology, primary site, extent of disease, and treatment each had a significant influence on prognosis. The best survival occurred in patients with sarcoma botryoides, the poorest with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and the intermediate with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. Tumors of the orbit had the best prognosis and tumors of other structures of the head and neck had the worst prognosis. Children under 7 years of age had better survival curves than those older than 7 years. The median duration of survival for the entire group was 19.2 months (5-year survival rate of 35%). The median duration of survival among 54 children with localized disease was 53.3 months; none of the 24 children with extensive or metastatic disease at diagnosis survived as long as 30 months.

The role of essential fatty acids in development

Abstract: The presence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) in human milk but not in infant formula, coupled with lower plasma and brain lipid contents of DHA in formula-fed than in breast-fed infants and reports of higher IQ in individuals who were breast-fed versus formula-fed as infants, suggest that exogenous DHA (and ARA) may be essential for optimal development. Thus, since 1990, several studies have examined the impact of formulas containing DHA or DHA plus ARA on visual function and neurodevelopmental outcome. Some of these studies have shown benefits but others have not. These results leave largely unanswered the question of whether these fatty acids are beneficial for either the term or preterm infant. However, evidence that preterm infants might benefit is somewhat more convincing than that for term infants. Despite the limited evidence for efficacy, formulas supplemented with DHA and ARA are now available and appear to be safe.

Adaptation to invisible gratings and the site of binocular rivalry suppression

Abstract: THE visual system can be described usefully as a hierarchical series of functional stages, the initial stage being physical impingement of the stimulus and the terminal stage being visual perception. Psychophysical investigations typically provide rigorous specification of the first and last stages in the sequence, but a more complete explanation clearly must include information about intermediate stages as well. At present, however, very few techniques are available for analysing inferentially the intermediate stages1. By incorporating two separate phenomena, binocular rivalry and visual aftereffects, into one paradigm, we describe here another technique for inferential analysis of the stages leading to vision. This technique indicates the sequence of stages underlying both phenomena.