Showing papers by "Universidade Estadual de Londrina published in 2000"
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of veratryl alcohol and yeast extract concentration, time of cultivation and agitation speed were evaluated by factorial analysis to select variables for optimizing the production of laccases.
141 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the potential use of corn bran as a component for manufacturing snacks through thermoplastic extrusion was investigated, and the results showed that the best combination of general acceptability, palatability, expansion and higher level of fibre was reached on snacks prepared with 250 g/kg corn brans, higher temperature, lower moisture content and medium level of glycerol monostearate.
Abstract: The potential use of corn bran as a component for manufacturing snacks through thermoplastic extrusion was investigated. Corn bran (180, 250 and 320 g/kg) was blended with corn meal according to incomplete three level factorial design. Moisture (160, 190 and 220 g/kg), extrusion temperature (150, 170 and 190 °C) and glycerol monostearate content (0, 4 and 8 g/kg) were also studied. Dependent variables assessed were radial expansion ratio, longitudinal expansion, specific volume, hardness and fracturability. The snacks were also evaluated by an acceptance test of individual characteristics using a nontrained panel. The attributes evaluated were appearance, palatability and general acceptability. Analysis of variance showed that the best combination of general acceptability, expansion and higher level of fibre was reached on snacks prepared with 250 g/kg corn bran, higher temperature, lower moisture content and medium level of glycerol monostearate. The corn bran content significantly affected the radial expansion ratio, appearance and general acceptability of the product. All of them showed decreased values with increasing corn bran content.
128 citations
TL;DR: The results show that the initial growth of the woody species which take part in the initial phases of succession may be more dependent on the AM fungi, in soils poor in minerals, while those that make up the final succession phases may be less dependent.
Abstract: Seedlings from 43 native woody species belonging to different successional groups from the Tibagi River Basin, Parana State, South Brazil were studied to obtain information on the importance of colonization by native arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse for 15 to 45 wk, with soil-mix treatments and four successional groups. The mycorrhizal dependency was 90, 48, 12 and 14% of the pioneer, early secondary, late secondary and climax species, respectively. The content of P, Ca and K was 20, 17 and 23 times greater, respectively, in the leaves of the pioneer species than in the other successional groups. The colonization by AM fungi in field was studied in seedlings of 36 native woody species collected in the interior of the forest of the Mata dos Godoy State Park, and in open area at the beginning of arboreal succession. The mycorrhizal colonization in the field was 55.5, 26.9, 6.1 and 2.2% for the pioneer, early secondary, late secondary and climax species, respectively. To assess the mycorrhizal inoculum potential, rhizosphere soil was collected in the interior of the forest and a gap in the same forest and in a cleared area abandoned for natural regeneration. The inoculum potentials and the spore number in the area at the beginning of succession were 5.6 and 53.4 times greater than in the interior of the forest. The results show that the initial growth of the woody species which take part in the initial phases of succession may be more dependent on the AM fungi, in soils poor in minerals, while those that make up the final succession phases may be less dependent. The potential of the AM fungi inoculum decreases throughout the successional process and there is a relation between the inoculum potential found in the field and the occurrence for the different habitats of the species of adult plants belonging to different successional groups.
119 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a study of 3.643 vitimas of acidentes de transporte terrestre ocorridos em Londrina, Parana, no primeiro semestre de 1996, abrangendo as registradas pela Policia Militar, as que morreram no local do evento ou no trajeto para o hospital, alem das atendidas em servicos de pronto-socorro or internadas pelo Sistema Unico de Saude.
Abstract: OBJETIVO: Avaliar a magnitude da morbimortalidade por acidentes de transporte terrestre e as caracteristicas das vitimas. METODOS: Foram estudadas 3.643 vitimas de acidentes de transporte terrestre ocorridos em Londrina, Parana, no primeiro semestre de 1996, abrangendo as registradas pela Policia Militar, as que morreram no local do evento ou no trajeto para o hospital, alem das atendidas em servicos de pronto-socorro ou internadas pelo Sistema Unico de Saude. Foi observado um prazo de 180 dias para verificar ocorrencia de obito. RESULTADOS: Os coeficientes de incidencia de agravos e de mortalidade medios por acidentes de transporte terrestre foram de 1582,2 e 29,0 por 100.000 habitantes, respectivamente. Esses coeficientes, entretanto, mostraram grande variabilidade em relacao a diversas caracteristicas (local de residencia, sexo, idade e categoria da vitima). Motociclistas representaram o principal tipo de vitima, seguidos por ciclistas e pedestres, perfazendo, juntos, 76,9% do total de vitimas e 81,5% das que morreram. CONCLUSOES: Os resultados revelam que os acidentes de transporte terrestre constituem-se importante causa de morbimortalidade e sugerem a necessidade de estrategias especificas de prevencao com vistas a reduzir esses eventos, principalmente os que envolvem os usuarios mais vulneraveis da via publica.
117 citations
TL;DR: The molecular characterization of 78 rhizobial isolates from soybean root nodules collected under field conditions in 16 sites located in the two main producing states revealed a high level of genetic diversity, indicating that the Paraguayan isolates might represent native bradyrhizobia.
Abstract: The soybean is an exotic plant introduced in Paraguay in this century; commercial cropping expanded after the 1970s. Inoculation is practiced in just 15 to 20% of the cropping areas, but root nodulation occurs in most sites where soybeans grow. Little is known about rhizobial diversity in South America, and no study has been performed in Paraguay until this time. Therefore, in this study, the molecular characterization of 78 rhizobial isolates from soybean root nodules, collected under field conditions in 16 sites located in the two main producing states, Alto Parana and Itapua, was undertaken. A high level of genetic diversity was detected by an ERIC-REP-PCR analysis, with the majority of the isolates representing unique strains. Most of the 58 isolates characterized by slow growth and alkaline reactions in a medium containing mannitol as a carbon source were clustered with strains representative of the Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Bradyrhizobium elkanii species, and the 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of 5 of those isolates confirmed the species identities. However, slow growers were highly polymorphic in relation to the reference strains, including five carried in commercial inoculants in neighboring countries, thus indicating that the Paraguayan isolates might represent native bradyrhizobia. Twenty isolates highly polymorphic in the ERIC-REP-PCR profiles were characterized by fast growth and acid reactions in vitro, and two of them showed high 16S rDNA identities with Rhizobium genomic species Q. However, two other fast growers showed high 16S rDNA identity with Agrobacterium spp., and both of these strains established efficient symbioses with soybean plants.
95 citations
TL;DR: The presence of cyanogenic glycosides was determined in 70 plant species from the campus of the State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil, and a further 45 plantspecies from the Forestry Reserve on the Doralice Farm in Ibipora, Brazil.
Abstract: The presence of cyanogenic glycosides was determined in 70 plant species from the campus of the State University of Londrina, PR, Brazil, and a further 45 plant species from the Forestry Reserve on the Doralice Farm in Ibipora, PR, Brazil. Of the vegetative species from the State University of Londrina, 7.1% showed cyanogenic glycosides: Manihot esculenta (Euphorbiaceae), Passiflora edulis (Passifloraceae), Macadamia ternifolia (Proteaceae), Prunus persica (Rosaceae) and Beloperone sp (Acanthaceae).The first four species were considered to be potentially cyanogenic in the field. From the Forestry Reserve on the Doralice Farm, the plant species with cyanogenic glycosides were: Holocalix balanseae (Caesalpinaceae), Nectranda megapotamica (Lauraceae), Trichilia casareti (Meliaceae), Trichilia elegans (Meliaceae) and Rapanea umbellata (Myrsinaceae), making 11.1% of the total species analyzed. Only Holocalix balanseae was considered to be potentially cyanogenic in the field.
84 citations
TL;DR: In this article, U-Pb monazite data from the basal metavolcanic (mafic) rocks of the Sao Roque Group indicate a crystallization age of 628 Ma and the upper sequence is cut by a 605 Ma rhyolite intrusion.
Abstract: The Ribeira Belt (RB) of southeastern Brazil represents an important manifestation of the Brasiliano Orogeny formed during the assembly of West Gondwana. Contemporaneous sedimentation and volcanism within the RB provide a basis for helping understand its tectonic evolution and paleogeography. U-Pb monazite data from the basal metavolcanic rocks of the Sao Roque Group indicate a crystallization age of 628 Ma and the upper sequence is cut by a 605 Ma (U-Pb zircon) rhyolite intrusion. Zircon and monazite analyses of metavolcanic (mafic) rocks and from metagabbros of the lower Acungui Supergroup yield crystallization ages of 614 and 617 Ma, respectively. This supergroup is intruded by a 607 Ma granite. Geochemical signatures of basal mafic units in both sequences are characteristic of E-MORB subalkaline tholeitic basaltic rocks. Nd isotopic signatures of the metamafic rocks indicate that they were derived in part from the asthenospheric mantle (consistent with emplacement in an extensional setting), whereas the felsic bodies appear to have come from the melting of Paleoproterozoic lithosphere. The paleogeographic reconstruction of part of the RB suggests that the Sao Roque/Acungui groups represent extensional sequences, with features of backarc basins, which evolved during the syn-collisional phase of the Brasiliano Orogeny. These data support the hypothesis that we have a rapid evolution (10-20 Ma) between extensional and compressional tectonics during the geological history of the Sao Roque/Acungui Backarc.
67 citations
TL;DR: The use of asporogenic strains may significantly reduce any potential risk (gene transfer, soil and plant contamination) due to the dissemination of B. thuringiensis-based biopesticides in the environment.
66 citations
TL;DR: Treatment with sulfasalazine is superior to treatment with omega-3 fatty acids in patients with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis.
65 citations
TL;DR: A total of 919 Escherichia coli isolates from 125 children with diarrhoea and 98 controls were assayed for adherence to HEp-2 cells, and Diffuse, aggregative (AA), chain-like adherence (CLA) and variants of the AA pattern were found in both cases and controls.
Abstract: A total of 919 Escherichia coli isolates from 125 children with diarrhoea (cases) and 98 controls were assayed for adherence to HEp-2 cells. Localised adherence was found only in isolates from cases. Diffuse, aggregative (AA), chain-like adherence (CLA) and variants of the AA pattern were found in both cases and controls. The AA isolates were tested for gene sequences associated with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC). Only 25% of the isolates hybridised with the EAEC probe, and the aafA, astA and pet gene sequences were found in 7.9%, 44.7% and 7.9% of the isolates, respectively. The aggA gene was not found, although 7.9% were positive for aggC. The CLA isolates reacted with the EAEC probe (55.6%), and the aggC, astA and pet gene sequences were found in 66.7%, 33.3% and 11.1%, respectively. The aggR (55.6%), aspU (55.6%), shf (33.3%) and she (22.2%) genes were also found in CLA isolates.
62 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a retrospective study of the serologic results performed in the prenatal routine during the period of June 1996 to June 1998 was carried out to evaluate the seroprevalence of the american trypanosomiasis, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, Rubella, hepatitis B infection, hepatitis C infection and human immunodeficiency virus infection among pregnant women attended at the Hospital Universitario Regional Norte do Parana, Londrina State University, Parana.
Abstract: In order to evaluate the seroprevalence of the american trypanosomiasis, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, hepatitis B infection, hepatitis C infection and human immunodeficiency virus infection among pregnant women attended at the Hospital Universitario Regional Norte do Parana, Londrina State University, Parana, a retrospective study of the serologic results performed in the prenatal routine during the period of June 1996 to June 1998 was carried out. The rates of seropositivity were as follows: american trypanosomiasis = 0.9%, syphilis = 1.6%, toxoplasmosis = 67% (IgG) and 1.8% (IgM), rubella = 89% (IgG) and 1.2% (IgM), hepatitis B surface antigen = 0.8%, hepatitis C virus = 0.8% and human immunodeficiency virus infection = 0.6%. An association between the increase in the seroprevalence of Chagas' disease and patient age was detected (p=0.006). The results underscore the importance of the serological tests in perinatal care, to prevent both the congenital and perinatally transmitted forms of theses infectious diseases.
TL;DR: Using primers specifically designed for both ribosomal DNA regions, this molecular marker could be important for paracoccidiodomycosis diagnosis and ecological and molecular epidemiological studies of P. brasiliensis in Latin America.
Abstract: We have amplified and sequenced the 5.8S and 28S ribosomal DNA genes and intergenic regions of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, strain Pb01. Using primers specifically designed for both ribosomal DNA regions, we were able to discriminate between P. brasiliensis and other human pathogenic fungi by PCR. The use of this molecular marker could be important for paracoccidiodomycosis diagnosis and ecological and molecular epidemiological studies of P. brasiliensis in Latin America.
TL;DR: The composition of the Cr(VI) equilibria was estimated from the UV-vis spectra of dilute potassium dichromate solutions, without any prior knowledge of the quantities of pure components, with the aid of Imbrie Q-mode factor analysis (Q-mode FA) followed by Varimax rotation and Imbries oblique projection.
TL;DR: A 3',3'-di-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallyl)-2',4'-di-oxo-enolchalcone (tunicatachalcone) and five known C-prenylflavonoids were isolated and/or identified from the roots of Tephrosia tunicata.
TL;DR: In this article, a compound central design was used with variables (X1) NaCl concentration (0.000, 0.025, 0,075 and 0.100M); (X2) pH (2.5, 4.0, 5.0; 5.5; 7.0 and 8.5); and (X3) liquid:solid ratio (5:1, 10:1; 15: 1; 20: 1, and 25:1) v/w).
TL;DR: Using the same effort of capture in the three places, it was stated that the "Floresta Nacional do Irati" with low vegetation diversity, showed nine species of bats, while the "Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy", although it's five times smaller, fifteen species.
Abstract: The bay of the Tibagi river, a place which goes through quick environmental alterations, has three forest fragments: the "Floresta Nacional do Irati" (3.572 ha), the "Reserva Biologica da Klabin" (11.116 ha) and the "Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy" (680 ha). Here, Myotis ruber (E. Geoffroy, 1806) and Chiroderma doriae Thomas, 1891 can be found, these are threatened bats, and three species, Pygoderma bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843), Myotis levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824) and Rogheessa tumida H. Allen, 1866, which are presumably threatened. Using the same effort of capture in the three places, it was stated that the "Floresta Nacional do Irati" with low vegetation diversity, showed nine species of bats. The "Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy", although it's five times smaller, fifteen species. We came to the conclusion that a big reserve, without good conditions would house a lower number of species. A small reserve with adequate resources and great vegetation diversity presents a higher number of niches, housing a higher number of species.
TL;DR: Cyclo phospha-mide was the most mutagenic of the two drugs and is recommended for use as a positive control in A. bimaculatus.
Abstract: Duas drogas reconhecidas como mutagenicas, ciclofosfamida e vimblastina sulfato, foram avaliadas usando o teste do micronucleo em uma especie de peixe nativa, Astyanax bimaculatus, para detectar que droga e quais doses sao as mais adequadas para serem usadas como controles positivos para esta especie. Esta especie de peixe brasileira foi escolhida devido a escassez de estudos toxicologicos com especies de peixes nativos e tambem porque ela e amplamente consumida em algumas regioes do Brasil. Um total de 3000 eritrocitos por especimen foram contados. As doses de 16 e 8 mg/kg de peso corporal de ciclofosfamida e de vimblastina sulfato, respectivamente, foram as mais efetivas na inducao de micronucleos. A ciclofosfamida mostrou ser o melhor agente mutagenico para ser usado como um controle positivo para Astyanax bimaculatus.
TL;DR: In this article, the chemical constituents isolated from roots of Pyrostegia venusta were described and the structures of these natural products were identified on the basis of spectral data, including 2D NMR of the peracetyl derivative of hesperidin.
Abstract: This paper describes the chemical constituents isolated from roots of Pyrostegia venusta. From ethanol extract of the roots allantoin, b-sitosterol, 3b-O-b-D-glupyranosylsitosterol and hesperedin were isolated. The structures of these natural products were identified on the basis of spectral data, including 2D NMR of the peracetyl derivative of hesperidin.
TL;DR: Evaluating the chromosomal aberration frequencies in temporary cultures of lymphocytes from periferic blood of 23 workers professionally exposed to a mixture of pesticides found a significant increase in chromosomal Aberration frequencies was observed in exposed individuals when compared to the control group.
Abstract: In spite of being harmful, pesticides are widely used in Brazil. Their genotoxic effects might be studied through population monitoring by means of the analysis of chromosomal aberrations in occupationally exposed individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chromosomal aberration frequencies in temporary cultures of lymphocytes from periferic blood of 23 workers professionally exposed to a mixture of pesticides. The workers were employed by the Agronomic Institute of Parana (Brazil) and used all of the prevention measures provided. A detailed history of pesticide use, as well as personal data, smoking habits, and history of recent illnesses and medical treatment were collected through a standardized questionnaire administered to each subject. Nonexposed subjects, matched for age, sex, and smoking habits, served as the negative control. A total of 100 cells were analyzed from each individual. A significant increase in chromosomal aberration frequencies was observed in exposed individuals when compared to the control group. Some individual characteristics such as age, sex, time of exposure to the pesticides, and smoking habits showed no correlation with chromosomal aberrations. Therefore, the positive results may be considered true effects of pesticides on human somatic cells.
TL;DR: The prevalence of congenital heart diseases in Londrina is in accordance with that of other regions of the globe, and may reflect the reality in the southern region of Brazil, because population characteristics are very similar in the 3 southernmost Brazilian states.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and other epidemiological characteristics of congenital heart diseases. METHODS: A retrospective population based study of children who were born in Londrina, from January '89 to December '98 (80,262 live births). Diagnoses were confirmed through autopsy, surgery, catheterization, or echocardiography. RESULTS: A total of 441 patients was as certained what corresponds to a prevalence of 5.494:1,000 live births. Ventricular septal defect was the commonest lesion. A small number of transpositions of the great vessels and of left ventricular hypoplasia was observed. A high propation of ventricular septal defect (28.3%) and atrioventricular septal defects (8.1%) occurred. Fifty-one (11.35%) affected children had syndromic diseases and 52 (12.01%) children had nonsyndromic anomalies. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of congenital heart diseases in Londrina is in accordance with that of other regions of the globe. This prevalence also may reflect the reality in the southern region of Brazil, because population characteristics are very similar in the 3 southernmost Brazilian states.
TL;DR: Cytogenetic monitoring was carried out on a group of 20 male workers occupationally exposed to a mixture of pesticides in the town of São Jerônimo da Serra, PR (Brazil) and found that there was no significant difference between the chromosome aberration frequencies between the exposed and control groups and between the paired individuals.
Abstract: The use of agricultural chemicals without correct protection may lead to alterations in the genetic material of cells and the possible development of several types of tumors. The individual genetic variability in the enzymes which metabolize agricultural chemicals is also involved in this process, such as when the enzymes are not efficient in the detoxifying process of the organism, the metabolic subproducts accumulate, contributing to the tumorigenic process. Cytogenetic monitoring was carried out on a group of 20 male workers occupationally exposed to a mixture of pesticides in the town of Sao Jeronimo da Serra, PR (Brazil). Student's t = test and Wilcoxon's test showed, respectively, that there was no significant difference between the chromosome aberration frequencies between the exposed and control groups and between the paired individuals. However, there was a significant difference in the two analyses regarding the mitotic index of the sampled individuals. Smoking and time of exposure to agricultural chemicals did not influence the cytogenetic responses obtained, but the mitotic index of the control individuals was higher than that of the exposed individuals from the different age groups. The GSTM1 gene polymorphism was 33% null. When statistical tests were carried out to assess the relationship of the GSTM1 genotypes with the chromosome aberrations and mitotic indexes, there was no significant difference. The CA frequencies found in this study were low, making it difficult to associate it with the GSTM1 gene polymorphism. Teratogenesis Carcinog. Mutagen. 20:161-170, 2000.
TL;DR: In this article, 15 descritores reprodutivos, 22 vegetativos and 21 agronomicos were avaliados, with the goal of selecionar the melhores descritors botânico-agronomic for caracterizar acessos das especies Paspalum guenoarum and plicatulum.
Abstract: Foram avaliados 15 descritores reprodutivos, 22 vegetativos e 21 agronomicos, em que os agronomicos compreenderam sete descritores para a avaliacao anual, sete descritores para a avaliacao de inverno e sete descritores para a avaliacao de verao, com o objetivo de selecionar os melhores descritores botânico-agronomicos para caracterizar acessos das especies Paspalum guenoarum e Paspalum plicatulum Utilizou-se a analise de componentes principais para descartar os descritores considerados redundantes ou nao-discriminantes Este metodo permitiu reducao de 53, 68 e 43% dos descritores reprodutivos, vegetativos e agronomicos, respectivamente, do conjunto inicialmente considerado Foi possivel selecionar, por intermedio desta tecnica, oito descritores, considerados mais importantes na descricao da variabilidade presente na colecao de acessos do germoplasma estudado
TL;DR: Genotypes toward the identification of superior West Indian Cherry parents that produce high-performing progenies are evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replications and each plot consisted of three plants.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate genotypes toward the identification of superior West Indian Cherry (Malpighia emarginata L.) parents that produce high-performing progenies. Parents clones were evaluated in a completely randomized design with three replications and each plot consisted of three plants. Fourteen genotypes of West Indian Cherry were characterized in Londrina, PR, Brazil. Nine quantitative characters of bigger agronomic interest were used for determination of genetic distance and identification of similar groups among the genotypes. The grouping by the method, based on Mahalanobis generalized distance, made it possible to organize the 14 genotypes in three groups. The genetic divergence based on a key agronomic character (level of vitamin C) allowed to recommend the cross as of the following genotypes: amarela mole (group III) with genotypes PR AM, N° 18, PR 17, PR 16, Eclipse, AM 22 and Dominga all of them group I.
TL;DR: Differential white blood cell counts from Schizodon intermedius infested by Lernaea cyprinacea were carried out and compared using the Wilcoxon matched pairs test and the highest values for immature leucocytes counts were recorded from infested fish specimens.
Abstract: Differential white blood cell counts from Schizodon intermedius infested by Lernaea cyprinacea were carried out and compared using the Wilcoxon matched pairs test. The observations were performed in fish infested by 16-77 adult Lernaea, fish with parasitic lesions but without attached crustaceans, and non parasitized fish (control group). The specimens of Schizodon intermedius were obtained from the University of Londrina fish farming facilities. The following leucocytes were observed: lymphocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, basophils, eosinophils and immature leucocytes. Intense lymphocytopenia and neutrophilia were observed in the infested hosts. Consistent increasing of monocyte percentage values occurred in the infested fish. The highest values for immature leucocytes counts were recorded from infested fish specimens.
TL;DR: In this article, the interactions of several organisms and Ficus eximia figs, a monoecious species, were studied in plants located in Campinas/SP and Londrina/PR (Brazil).
Abstract: Pollination and other biotic interactions in figs of Ficus eximia Schott (Moraceae)). During the period from 1992 to 1997, interactions of several organisms and Ficus eximia figs, a monoecious species, were studied in plants located in Campinas/SP and Londrina/PR (Brazil). Ficus eximia is pollinated by a single fig wasp species, Pegoscapus sp. (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae, Agaoninae), but also visited by other 14 non-pollinating wasps (Agaonidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae). Mites (Tarsonemidae), nematodes (Diplogasteridae) and fungi which use the body of the pollinating fig wasp to disperse themselves were also observed. RESUMO - (Polinizacao e outras interacoes bioticas em siconios de Ficus eximia Schott (Moraceae)). Durante o periodo de 1992 a 1997, as interacoes de varios organismos e figos de Ficus eximia, uma especie monoica, foram estudadas em plantas localizadas em Campinas/SP e Londrina/PR (Brasil). Ficus eximia ep olinizada por uma unica especie de vespa de figo,Pegoscapus sp. (Hymenoptera: Agaonidae, Agaoninae), e associada a outras 14 especies de vespas nao-polinizadoras (Agaonidae, Eurytomidae, Torymidae). Acaros (Tarsonemidae), nematoides (Diplogasteridae) e fungos, os quais utilizam o corpo da vespa polinizadora para se dispersarem, foram tambem observados.
TL;DR: Inside of the parasitoses context in fish, the study was successful to us verified the lerniose was present in the north area of the State and had reached the native fish in the basin of the river Tibagi.
Abstract: Inside of the parasitoses context in fish, the study was successful to us verified the lerniose was present in the north area of the State. It had reached the native fish in the basin of the river Tibagi. For the study, visits were made to the aquaculture and samples collected in the area of Sertanopolis on the river Tibagi. We verified that the lerniose was growing in the area and had already reached several species of native fish of the river Tibagi. This concein for ali the researchers of the area, as well as the producers of fish.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: No major differences were found in the teaching philosophy of posterior RBC restorations by comparing the Brazilian data to the data from similar surveys done in North America, Japan, and Europe.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the teaching program of Class I and Class II resin-based composite (RBC) restorations in Brazilian dental schools and to observe if any differences were found from similar surveys conducted in North American, European, and Japanese dental schools METHOD AND MATERIALS A questionnaire containing 15 questions was distributed to 92 Brazilian dental schools, and 64 (70%) schools returned the questionnaire The questions inquired the amount of time the curriculum dedicated to teaching of posterior RBC restorations, future expectation regarding the teaching time, limitation in extension of the occlusal width and the proximal box in Class II, contraindications for placing posterior RBC restorations, protocol for using bases and liners, brand of bonding agents and RBC used, instruments and techniques employed for finishing, cost relative to amalgam restorations, and biologic reactions related to the use of posterior RBC The responses were calculated as percentages based on the number of schools that responded to the questionnaire Where appropriate, the Chi-squared test and the Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis RESULTS Of the dental schools that responded, 88% dedicated 10% to 50% of the teaching time in operative dentistry to posterior RBC restorations A significant correlation (P = 0041) was found between the percentage of time dedicated to the teaching of posterior RBC restorations and the higher cost of posterior RBC compared to amalgam restorations Resin-based composite restorations cost 30% to 70% more than amalgam restorations in the 40% of dental schools that charged a fee Posterior composites for large restorations in molars were used by 14% of the dental schools Base and liner were not placed by 10% of dental schools in deep Class I or Class II RBC restorations One school did not recommend acid etching of the dentin CONCLUSION No major differences were found in the teaching philosophy of posterior RBC restorations by comparing the Brazilian data to the data from similar surveys done in North America, Japan, and Europe
TL;DR: Atraves do presente trabalho, demostrou-se uma ocorrencia elevada da resposta sorologica ao T. gondii em aves domesticas oriundas de propriedades rurais neste municipio, consequentemente esses animais podem representar risco de infeccao para o homem e para outros animais quando consumidos crus ou mal cozidos.
Abstract: O Toxoplasma gondii e um protozoario que pode infectar todos os animais homeotermicos. No presente trabalho, verificou-se a ocorrencia de anticorpos anti-T. gondii em galinhas de criacoes domesticas (fundo de quintal), oriundas de propriedades rurais localizadas no municipio de Jaguapita, Estado do Parana, Brasil. Estudos previos demostraram que o parasita esta amplamente disseminado nas diferentes especies de animais domesticos, de companhia e no homem nessas mesmas propriedades. Os soros foram submetidos a reacao de Imunofluorescencia Indireta, sendo a positividade considerada para aqueles titulos maiores ou iguais a 16. Foram estudados 155 soros , sendo que 16 (10,3%) foram reagentes a toxoplasmose, e 139 (89,7%) nao reagentes. Os titulos mais frequentes foram de 64 (5/31,2%), 16 e 1024 (ambos com 4/25%) e o maior titulo encontrado foi de 1024 (4/25%). A soroprevalencia do T. gondii nao foi influenciada pelo sexo da ave (Exato de Fisher p = 0,12), pela finalidade da criacao (corte ou postura, Exato de Fisher p = 0,39), pela percentagem de felinos sororeagentes na propriedade (r = -0,19 p = 0,27), nem pelo numero de felinos sororeagentes (r = -0,09 p = 0,60). Atraves do presente trabalho, demostrou-se uma ocorrencia elevada da resposta sorologica ao T. gondii em aves domesticas oriundas de propriedades rurais neste municipio, consequentemente esses animais podem representar risco de infeccao para o homem e para outros animais quando consumidos crus ou mal cozidos.
TL;DR: This review raised the major pathophysiologycal mechanisms related to the protein-energy malnutrition in chronic liver patients and recommended proper dietary interventions toward reduced morbi-mortality of those patients.
Abstract: A doenca hepatica cronica cursa, frequentemente, com anormalidades metabolicas de macronutrientes que propiciam o desenvolvimento ou agravamento da desnutricao proteico-energetica. O papel central do figado no metabolismo dos substratos energeticos e de proteinas e aminoacidos e revisto, de modo relacionado a desnutricao proteico-energetica, em pacientes com hepatopatia cronica. Aceita-se que a reducao da ingestao dietetica seja um dos principais componentes etiologicos da desnutricao, particularmente em pacientes alcoolistas. Acresce-se a iatrogenia pela indicacao de dietas restritas e jejum prolongado aos pacientes hospitalizados. Como fatores agravantes, ha ma absorcao intestinal de gorduras e o hipermetabolismo associado ao alcoolismo agudo. Hipoglicemia, resistencia insulinica, esteatose e hipertrigliceridemia constituem achados comuns, assim como niveis elevados de alguns aminoacidos com consequencias neurologicas. O entendimento desses mecanismos fisiopatologicos permite a intervencao nutricional apropriada reduzindo a morbidade e mortalidade desses pacientes.
TL;DR: In this article, a one-dimensional scavenging numerical model and surface data from the local atmospheric conditions were used to investigate below cloud scavenging from rainwater chemistry measurements using a one dimensional scavenging method.