University of Akron

About: University of Akron is a education organization based out in Akron, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Polymer & Polymerization. The organization has 17401 authors who have published 29127 publications receiving 702386 citations. The organization is also known as: The University of Akron.

Current concepts on the virulence mechanisms of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Abstract: Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are prevalent bacterial pathogens that cause both health care and community-associated infections. Increasing resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics has made MRSA a serious threat to public health throughout the world. The USA300 strain of MRSA has been responsible for an epidemic of community-associated infections in the US, mostly involving skin and soft tissue but also more serious invasive syndromes such as pneumonia, severe sepsis and endocarditis. MRSA strains are particularly serious and potentially lethal pathogens that possess virulence mechanisms including toxins, adhesins, enzymes and immunomodulators. One of these is Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a toxin associated with abscess formation and severe necrotizing pneumonia. Earlier studies suggested that PVL was a major virulence factor in community-associated MRSA infections. However, some recent data have not supported this association while others have, leading to controversy. Therefore, investigators continue to search for additional mechanisms of pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the biological basis of MRSA virulence and explore future directions for research, including potential vaccines and antivirulence therapies under development that might allow clinicians to more successfully treat and prevent MRSA infections.

Living carbocationic polymerization. XXX. One-pot synthesis of allyl-terminated linear and tri-arm star polyisobutylenes, and epoxy- and hydroxy-telechelics therefrom

Abstract: Preparation de PIB lineaires et en etoiles termines par des groupes allyls par polymerisation vivante amorcee par les systemes TiCl 4 /ether ou ester, suivie d'une fonctionnalisation electrophile des sites vivants par l'allyltrimethylsilane. L'hydroboration ou l'oxydation par le mCPBA de ces polymeres donne des PIB a groupes terminaux hydroxy et epoxy. Des elastomeres sont obtenus par reaction des PIB a groupes terminaux hydroxy avec le MDI et par durcissement des PIB a groupes epoxy avec la triethylene tetraamine

Media and public perceptions of the police: examining the impact of race and personal experience

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of crime-related media consumption on individuals' opinions of the police. Using a statewide survey of 4245 California residents, three aspects of police performance – confidence in the police, police fairness and police use of excessive force – were regressed on multiple forms of media. The results suggest that viewing television news and crime-based reality programmes significantly increases confidence in the police. Interactions with arrest, crime victimisation and race were also examined. Victims and those with an arrest experience were not affected by crime-related media consumption, suggesting that first-hand experiences with crime were more important than the media in shaping individual's opinions of the police. Consumption of crime-related media increased confidence in the police among White respondents, but had no effect on Latinos or African-Americans.