Showing papers by "University of Cagliari published in 1984"
TL;DR: In unanesthetized paralyzed rats, i.v. ethanol administration increased the firing rate of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, pars compacta, but the maximum increase produced by these anesthetics was less pronounced and shorter lasting than that produced by ethanol.
212 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that handling represents a stressful stimulus for naive animals and that stress lowers GABA binding by releasing an endogenous ligand for benzodiazepine receptors possessing similar properties to beta-carbolines.
102 citations
TL;DR: The comparative study of the newborn and the adult tissue reveals that the distribution of the Substance P-like immunoreactivity changes in man during ontogeny and results in a more complete map of the substance P-containing neuron system.
79 citations
TL;DR: Pedigrees of manic‐depressive patients in treatment at the Lithium Clinic of the Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, were evaluated for linkage between major affective illness and the protan‐deulan‐glucose‐6‐phosphatc‐dehydrogenase region of the X‐chromosome, consistent with the hypothesis of X‐linkage in major Affective illness.
Abstract: – Pedigrees of manic-depressive patients in treatment at the Lithium Clinic of the Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, were evaluated for linkage between major affective illness and the protan-deulan-glucose-6-phosphatc-dehydrogenase region of the X-chromosome. Two informative pedigrees were found, investigated and analyzed for linkage using a multigenerational model and considering age-dependent penetrance. The results are consistent with the hypothesis of X-linkage in major affective illness.
69 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the molar excess enthalpies, H E, at 298.15 K, and the liquid-liquid equilibrium, LLE, of aqueous mixtures of alkanols have been measured.
61 citations
TL;DR: In the Central Mediterranean basin the feeding of Conger conger (L.) populations was mainly based on Osteichthyes, Crustacea and Cephalopoda, but the neritic population fed on a higher number of species than the epimesobathyal.
Abstract: A study on the alimentary ethology of conger eels was carried out over a period of four years. Individuals were captured at a depth ranging from 10 to 800 m. The parameters analysed lead to the following observations: (a) in the Central Mediterranean basin the feeding of Conger conger (L.) populations was mainly based on Osteichthyes, Crustacea and Cephalopoda; (b) the neritic population fed on a higher number of species than the epimesobathyal. The high percentage of empty stomachs in the bathyal population was due to the fact that the neritic females, at the end of trophic phase, set out on a reproductive migration towards the bathyal level.
60 citations
TL;DR: Wistar rats treated with lead nitrate were used in these experiments to provide evidence of the possible correlation between hyperplasia, induced cholesterol synthesis and the levels of glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) in the liver.
56 citations
TL;DR: It is concluded that DA autoreceptors regulate DA synthesis in the medial prefrontal cortex as in the caudate nucleus, suggesting that only a small fraction of cortical DA synthesis takes place in dopaminergic neurons, while the major part occurs in noradrenergic neurons.
48 citations
TL;DR: A synthetic oligomer assay was used and detected the beta 39 nonsense mutation on the delta beta 0 thalassemia chromosome, indicating at least two different mutations have occurred on this chromosome; one that increases A gamma globin synthesis and another that silences the beta globin gene.
Abstract: In Sardinia the common form of beta thalassemia is a beta 0 thalassemia due to a nonsense mutation at codon 39. delta beta 0 Thalassemia is rare in Sardinia and is associated with increased production of hemoglobin F of the A gamma type. In this study we used a synthetic oligomer assay and detected the beta 39 nonsense mutation on the delta beta 0 thalassemia chromosome. Hence at least two different mutations have occurred on this chromosome; one that increases A gamma globin synthesis and another that silences the beta globin gene.
47 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that "premature ejaculation" in rats results from inhibition of DA neurotransmission, supported by the finding that 6 hr after haloperidol, rats achieve ejaculation after fewer intromissions than normal.
Abstract: Following treatment with dopamine (DA) receptor agonists, such as apomorphine, N-n-propyl-norapomorphine, lisuride and 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-N-n-propyl-piperidine (3-PPP) (50, 2.5, 400 and 5000 micrograms/kg, respectively), male rats attain ejaculation with receptive females sooner and after fewer penile intromissions than controls. Since doses of DA agonists needed to produce "premature ejaculation" are within the low dose range needed to stimulate DA autoreceptors, it is suggested that "premature ejaculation" in rats results from inhibition of DA neurotransmission. This hypothesis is supported by the finding that 6 hr after haloperidol (1 mg/kg), rats achieve ejaculation after fewer intromissions than normal.
47 citations
TL;DR: It is found that the coinheritance of the deletion of one alpha-globin and, more obviously, two alpha- globin genes tend to normalize the thalassemia-like hematological phenotype commonly associated with the beta o-thalassemia carrier state.
Abstract: In this study, we have correlated the hematological phenotype of 56 Sardinian beta o-thalassemia heterozygotes with their alpha-globin genotype as defined by restriction endonuclease mapping. We found that the coinheritance of the deletion of one alpha-globin and, more obviously, two alpha-globin genes tend to normalize the thalassemia-like hematological phenotype commonly associated with the beta o-thalassemia carrier state. On the other hand, the association of the deletion of three alpha-globin genes caused a more severe phenotype. By globin chain synthesis analysis, those beta o-thalassemia heterozygotes with the (-alpha/alpha alpha) alpha-globin genotype had less deficiency of beta-chain synthesis than did those with the normal alpha-globin genotype (alpha alpha/alpha alpha). In heterozygotes with the (-alpha/-alpha) and in those with the (--/-alpha) alpha-globin genotype the imbalance was actually reversed with a mild or marked alpha-chain synthesis excess respectively.
TL;DR: The results of the first systematic geochronological study of widespread volcanic sequences in the region east of the Kenya Rift Valley between the Nyambeni Hills near the equator and the Hurri Hills-Dukana area close to the Ethiopian border are presented in this article.
TL;DR: It was established that the free‐radical spectrum was not derived from the substrate, since either aromatic or aliphatic substrates gave rise to identical spectra, and the presence of copper is essential to the appearance of the freeradical ESR signal.
TL;DR: The polygraphic sleep pattern following the ingestion of an aminoacid mixture containing all essential aminoacids was compared with that following the same mixture lacking tryptophan in 12 healthy volunteers and no significant differences were found.
TL;DR: In this paper, a mathematical analysis of a model of the cardiac bioelectric sources generating the potential field in a bounded conducting volume is carried out, and a boundary integral representation of the potential is given.
Abstract: A mathematical analysis of a model of the cardiac bioelectric sources generating the potential field in a bounded conducting volume is carried out. A boundary integral representation of the potential is given, which shows that, if the anisotropy of the cardiac muscle is taken into account, the bioelectric sources are characterized by an “oblique” double layer on the excitation wavefront. Boundedness conditions for the potential and jump relationships across the front are investigated. Uniqueness results for the inverse problem (i.e. the determination of the wavefront surface, given the potential on the volume boundary) are established.
TL;DR: Mesure de la diffraction par rayons X de Cd(NO 3 ) 2 en solution aqueuse et des spectres Raman du compose en solutions and a l'etat solide et fondu hydrate. Discussion des interpretations de modele des donnees RX as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Mesure de la diffraction par rayons X de Cd(NO 3 ) 2 en solution aqueuse et des spectres Raman du compose en solutions et a l'etat solide et fondu hydrate. Discussion des interpretations de modele des donnees RX. La presence du complexe Cd(H 2 O) 5 ONO 2 + est en accord avec les resultats RX
TL;DR: Although copper is essential for the reoxidation of the reduced enzyme, a binding of oxygen to the copper-free protein has been demonstrated and the same stoichiometry has been determined on the native enzyme in the absence of oxygen.
TL;DR: K+-dependent p-nitrophenylphosphatase (pNPPase) and Ca++-stimulated adenosine triphosph atase (ATPase) activities were studied in human parotid and submandibular glands using cytochemical methods at the ultrastructural level, indicating the localization of Na+, K+-ATPases.
Abstract: K+-dependent p-nitrophenylphosphatase (pNPPase) and Ca++-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activities were studied in human parotid and submandibular glands using cytochemical methods at the ultrastructural level. In both glands, only the striated-duct epithelium showed K+-pNPPase reaction product, thereby indicating the localization of Na+, K+-ATPase. The precipitate was concentrated on the deep invaginations of the basolateral plasma membranes, in close association with their cytoplasmic surface. Ca++-ATPase activity was also found on the basolateral plasma membranes, but two striking differences from the K+-pNPPase distribution were observed: firstly, Ca++-ATPase appeared in both acinar and ductal cells, and secondly, it was localized on the outer side of the plasma membranes.
TL;DR: It is suggested that effective immunity to H. nana involves both antibody and T cell-mediated inflammatory events and was most effectively transferred with MLNC and immune serum did not enhance this effect.
Abstract: Immunity to Hymenolepis nana was adoptively transferred to recipient mice of 4 strains using mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNC), spleen cells (SC), and/or serum taken from infected donor mice. Donor cells capable of transferring immunity appeared in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen at an early stage (5 days) after infection. Immunity was most effectively transferred with MLNC and immune serum did not enhance this effect. It is suggested that effective immunity to H. nana involves both antibody and T cell-mediated inflammatory events.
TL;DR: In this article, three sodium borosilicate glasses, containing approximately 4, 8% and 12% by weight of Fe2O3, have been investigated by X-ray diffraction technique in order to determine the structural arrangement of iron ions in these glasses.
Abstract: Three sodium borosilicate glasses, containing approximately 4%, 8% and 12% by weight of Fe2O3, have been investigated by X-ray diffraction technique in order to determine the structural arrangement of iron ions in these glasses The radial distribution functions of the iron glasses have been compared to suitable distribution functions obtained from an appropriate iron-free sodium borosilicate matrix The analysis of the resulting distribution difference curves leads to the unambiguous conclusion that in 4% and 8% glasses iron ions are surrounded by four oxygen atoms at the distance expected for a tetrahedral coordination The structural arrangement of iron ions in the 12% glass is very likely to be the same, although the analysis of the data is complicated by an initial crystalline phase separation within the amorphous network In addition to the structural parameters obtained for the first iron shell, a tentative model to explain the second order interactions around iron ions is discussed
TL;DR: In this article, the π spectra due to the (12C, πX) reaction were measured at 0δ using 12C ions of 1032 MeV and 6Li, 12C, 27A1, Cd and Pb targets.
TL;DR: Hen egg-white lysozyme and three of its basic derivatives obtained by chemical modification were tested for their activity in vitro against a wild strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 and the modified lysozymes were compared with those of known antiviral agents.
Abstract: Hen egg-white lysozyme and three of its basic derivatives obtained by chemical modification were tested for their activity in vitro against a wild strain of herpes simplex virus type 1. Marked inhibition of the cytopathic effect was exhibited by the three chemical derivatives and the heat-inactivated lysozyme, whereas the native enzyme displayed only modest anticytopathic activity. Enzymatic activity did not appear to be necessary for the antiherpes activity of the lysozyme compounds. Instead, other properties such as their basic nature seemed to be relevant to their antiherpes effectiveness in vitro. At the concentrations used, all compounds but one had no significant effect on cell viability and growth. Some of the compounds tested caused formation of deposits on the surface of the cells. Some correlation between deposit formation and antiherpes cytopathic activity was found. The antiherpes efficacy in vitro and toxicity of the modified lysozymes were compared with those of known antiviral agents. The lysozymes were less toxic than the reference antiviral agents, and some of them were also more active.
TL;DR: The results suggest that both endogenous or exogenously administered estrogens induce subsensitivity of the DA receptors mediating yawning in rats.
TL;DR: Fixed chromosomes of mouse have been treated with Alu I, Eco RII, Hind III or Bam HI restriction endonucleases and subsequently stained with either Giemsa, Ethidium Bromide or Acridine Orange to discuss the results obtained.
Abstract: Fixed chromosomes of mouse have been treated with Alu I, Eco RII, Hind III or Bam HI restriction endonucleases and subsequently stained with either Giemsa, Ethidium Bromide or Acridine Orange. The results obtained have been discussed in the light of preferential or non-preferential extraction of DNA from specific chromosome areas following enzyme digestion. The possible involvement of a particular structural organization of some classes of heterochromatin has been hypothesized to account for the findings after Alu I or Eco RII treatment. The meaning of the Giemsa banding observed after Hind III or Bam HI digestion has also been considered, in comparison to the different stain responses obtained by using a DNA-specific dye such as Ethidium Bromide.
TL;DR: In this paper, the coordination behavior of these ligands toward the metal salts and the stereochemistry of the obtained complexes have been investigated, and the results showed that the ligands in these complexes have a similar coordination behavior to those obtained for 4-methylpyridine and 4methylquinoline.
TL;DR: A peroxidase has been purified to homogeneity from Euphorbia characias latex using ammonium sulfate precipitation and chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, hydroxylapatite and SP-Sephadex columns.
TL;DR: The results suggest that the proconvulsant effect elicited by beta-CCE is mediated by the decrease in the total number of binding sites for GABA, secondary to the interaction between beta- CCE and the benzodiazepine receptor coupled to the GABA receptor.
TL;DR: Two distinct types of benzodiazepines recognition sites are present in different areas of the human brain, as revealed by the Scatchard plot analysis.
TL;DR: During the involution of the liver, cell death morphologically similar to the one described as apoptosis was observed in histological sections of liver from animals sacrificed 4-7 days after lead treatment.
Abstract: The effect of a single intravenous injection of lead nitrate on liver, was investigated in male Wistar rats. Lead nitrate at 5 and 10 pmoles/100 g of body weight stimulated a 19-fold increase in the incorporation of ’H-thymidine into liver DNA and resulted in temporal changes in DNA synthesis, as determined by assays of specific activity. Thirty-six hours after lead nitrate administration, the incorporation of ’H-thyrnidine reached its maximum and returned to normal levels within 3 days. A significant increase in the number of cells entering mitosis at 36 hours indicated the capacity of lead to stimulate liver cell proliferation. Enlargement of the Kver after lead treatment was also observed in both female Wistar rats as well in male Fischer rats. This stimulatory effect of lead on liver growth was reversible; during the involution of the liver, cell death morphologically similar to the one described as apoptosis was observed in histological sections of liver from animals sacrificed 4-7 days after lead treatment.
TL;DR: The results are interpreted to indicate that the NF exerts a crossed inhibitory and a direct excitatory influence on limb postural tonus.