Showing papers by "University of Newcastle published in 1981"
TL;DR: The aim has been to provide a new measure that can help physicians assess the relative benefits and risks of various treatments for serious illness and of supportive programs such as palliative care or hospice service.
1,538 citations
TL;DR: Digital Control Of Dynamic Systems This well-respected, market-leading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems with an emphasis on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude.
Abstract: Digital Control Of Dynamic Systems This well-respected, market-leading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems (3rd Edition): Franklin ... This well-respected, market-leading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems: Gene F. Franklin ... Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, 2nd Edition. Gene F. Franklin, Stanford University. J. David Powell, Stanford University Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, 2nd Edition Pearson This well-respected work discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. MATLAB statements and problems are thoroughly and carefully integrated throughout the book to offer readers a complete design picture. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, 3rd Edition ... Digital control of dynamic systems | Gene F. Franklin, J. David Powell, Michael L. Workman | download | B–OK. Download books for free. Find books Digital control of dynamic systems | Gene F. Franklin, J ... Abstract This well-respected work discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic... (PDF) Digital Control of Dynamic Systems Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, Addison.pdf There is document Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, Addison.pdfavailable here for reading and downloading. Use the download button below or simple online reader. The file extension PDFand ranks to the Documentscategory. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems, Addison.pdf Download ... Automatic control is the science that develops techniques to steer, guide, control dynamic systems. These systems are built by humans and must perform a specific task. Examples of such dynamic systems are found in biology, physics, robotics, finance, etc. Digital Control means that the control laws are implemented in a digital device, such as a microcontroller or a microprocessor. Introduction to Digital Control of Dynamic Systems And ... The discussions are clear, nomenclature is not hard to follow and there are plenty of worked examples. The book covers discretization effects and design by emulation (i.e. design of continuous-time control system followed by discretization before implementation) which are not to be found on every book on digital control. Amazon.com: Customer reviews: Digital Control of Dynamic ... Find helpful customer reviews and review ratings for Digital Control of Dynamic Systems (3rd Edition) at Amazon.com. Read honest and unbiased product reviews from our users. Amazon.com: Customer reviews: Digital Control of Dynamic ... 1.1.2 Digital control Digital control systems employ a computer as a fundamental component in the controller. The computer typically receives a measurement of the controlled variable, also often receives the reference input, and produces its output using an algorithm. Introduction to Applied Digital Control From the Back Cover This well-respected, marketleading text discusses the use of digital computers in the real-time control of dynamic systems. The emphasis is on the design of digital controls that achieve good dynamic response and small errors while using signals that are sampled in time and quantized in amplitude. Digital Control of Dynamic Systems (3rd Edition) Test Bank `Among the advantages of digital logic for control are the increased flexibility `of the control programs and the decision-making or logic capability of digital `systems, which can be combined with the dynamic control function to meet `other system requirements. `The digital controls studied in this book are for closed-loop (feedback) Every day, eBookDaily adds three new free Kindle books to several different genres, such as Nonfiction, Business & Investing, Mystery & Thriller, Romance, Teens & Young Adult, Children's Books, and others.
902 citations
TL;DR: Algebraic characterizations are presented for the existence of fixed modes of a linear closed-loop system with decentralized feedback control and the class of controllers for which fixed modes are present is extended beyond that currently known.
290 citations
TL;DR: Simulations with the model reproduced both bimodality in the frequency distributions of plant size and an even spatial distribution of large or surviving plants, features which have been observed in a range of plant monocultures.
218 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the more general case in which it is not assumed that the system is either stable or stably invertible, and establish local convergence for a class of adaptive control algorithms applied to general discrete, deterministic, linear, time-invariant systems.
Abstract: Recent papers have established global convergence for a class of adaptive control algorithms for discrete time linear dynamic systems. However, in most cases studied to date it has been assumed that the system is stably invertible. This assumption plays a major role in the proofs of convergence. In this paper we consider the more general case in which it is not assumed that the system is either stable or stably invertible. We establish local convergence for a class of adaptive control algorithms applied to general discrete, deterministic, linear, time-invariant systems. By convergence in this context, we mean that the system inputs and outputs remain bounded for all time and the closed loop poles are effectively assigned in the limit for a given desired trajectory.
135 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an anthropological view of science education is presented, with a focus on the role of the anthropological viewpoint in the education process, and the curriculum design process.
Abstract: (1981). Science Education: an Anthropological Viewpoint. Studies in Science Education: Vol. 8, No. 1, pp. 1-26.
115 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present two new structures for adaptive filters based on the idea of frequency sampling filters and gradient based estimation algorithms, which operate in real time with no batch processing of signals as is the case when using the discrete Fourier transform.
Abstract: We present two new structures for adaptive filters based on the idea of frequency sampling filters and gradient based estimation algorithms. These filters have a finite impulse response (FIR) and can be thought of as attempting to approximate a desired frequency response at given points on the unit circle. The filters operate in real time with no batch processing of signals as is the case when using the discrete Fourier transform. They result in a marked reduction in dimension of the timedomain problem of fitting an Nth-order FIR transversal filter to a collection of length 2 transversal filters and further to a collection of N scalar filters. The advantages of this are then discussed.
108 citations
TL;DR: In a slightly heated turbulent boundary layer, this paper showed that the extent of these regions, as a proportion of the boundary layer thickness, is approximately constant, independent of the momentum thickness Reynolds number when R m ⪞ 3100.
103 citations
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94 citations
94 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the closed-loop representation of a jointly stationary vector (y, u)-proccss was studied and conditions were derived on the closed loop models for the joint process model to be stable and minimum phase.
Abstract: Stable constant linear closed-loop systems relating an input vector u to an output vector u and vice versa produce a jointly stationary (y, u)-procoss. On the other hand it is often natural to split up a stationary vector random process z into component vectors yand u, and to examine the closed-loop relations between y and u. This paper presents a number of new results on the spectral factorization and the closed-loop representation of a jointly stationary vector (y, u)-proccss. Conditions are derived on the closed-loop models for the joint process model to bo oE minimal degree, stable and minimum-phase. Relations between different joint process models producing the same spectrum φyu(z)are established.
TL;DR: Analysis of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in Australia shows that IHD has become the more frequent cause of death in the older age groups and more recently this change in relative frequency has occurred in younger women.
Abstract: Analysis of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cerebrovascular disease mortality rates in Australia shows that: first, deaths from IHD increased from 1950 to the mid-1960s with successive cohorts experiencing higher mortality rates. Around 1967 this trend stopped simultaneously in men over 35 years and women over 45 years and mortality rates from IHD began to decline at similar rates throughout the population. Second, deaths from cerebrovascular disease have declined in both sexes and all age groups over 35 years throughout the period 1950-1978. This change has been more pronounced for women than men. Third, the relative frequency of IHD and cerebrovascular disease as the cause of death has changed in women. IHD has become the more frequent cause of death in the older age groups. More recently this change in relative frequency has occurred in younger women as well.
TL;DR: Comparison of dichroic IR and UV spectra revealed that the photolysis proceeds via an excited A(l) state of the diazo compound.
Abstract: Diazocyclopentadiene (1) was photolyzed in N(2), CO, and other low-temperature matrices. The resulting carbene, cyclopentadienylidene (2), was characterized by its UV and IR spectra, and its thermal dimerization and reaction with CO were observed. Photolysis of 1 with plane-polarized light gave matrices exhibiting linear dichroism. Comparison of dichroic IR and UV spectra revealed that the photolysis proceeds via an excited A(l) state of the diazo compound. Plane-polarized irradiation of the corresponding ketene (4) in CO matrices resulted in photoreorientation of the molecules of 4 without significant loss.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present two new structures for adaptive filters based on the idea of frequency sampling filters and gradient-based estimation algorithms, which operate in real time with no batch processing of signals as is the case when using the discrete Fourier transform.
Abstract: We present two new structures for adaptive filters based on the idea of frequency sampling filters and gradient based estimation algorithms. These filters have a finite impulse response (FIR) and can be thought of as attempting to approximate a desired frequency response at given points on the unit circle. The filters operate in real time with no batch processing of signals as is the case when using the discrete Fourier transform. They result in a marked reduction in dimension of the time-domain problem of fitting an Nth-order FIR transversal filter to a collection of length 2 transversal filters and further to a collection of N scalar filters. The advantages of this are then discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the relation between the turbulence Reynolds number and the Taylor microscale λ and the Kolmogorov length scale η was established using direct measurements of the r.m.s. longitudinal velocity and turbulent energy dissipation in the atmospheric surface layer.
Abstract: The relation between the turbulence Reynolds numberR
λ
and a Reynolds numberz* based on the friction velocity and height from the ground is established using direct measurements of the r.m.s. longitudinal velocity and turbulent energy dissipation in the atmospheric surface layer. Measurements of the relative magnitude of components of the turbulent kinetic energy budget in the stability range 0 >z/L ≥ 0.4 indicate that local balance between production and dissipation is maintained. Approximate expressions, in terms of readily measured micrometeorological quantities, are proposed for the Taylor microscale λ and the Kolmogorov length scale η.
TL;DR: In this article, the lognormal model satisfactorily represents the experimental variation with Reynolds number of the measured moments, and when moments of order n are plotted against those of ordern + 1, the scatter in the data is reduced considerably and the adequacy of the LNO model vis-a-vis other models is more convincingly established.
Abstract: Moments, up to order six, of the velocity derivative have been measured in both the atmospheric surface layer and in turbulent jet flows in the laboratory. The exponent μ which characterises the behaviour of dissipation fluctuations was determined from the autocorrelation of these fluctuations and found to be constant (≃0.20), independent of Reynolds number. Using this value of μ, the lognormal model satisfactorily represents the experimental variation with Reynolds number of the measured moments. When moments of ordern are plotted against those of ordern + 1, the scatter in the data is reduced considerably and the adequacy of the lognormal model vis-a-vis other models is more convincingly established.
TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown that a simple adaptive control algorithm based on input matching is globally convergent in the sense that the system inputs and outputs remain bounded for all time and the input converges to the one-step-ahead optimal input.
Abstract: This paper establishes global convergence for adaptive one-step-ahead optimal controllers applied to a class of linear discrete time single-input single-output systems. The class of systems includes all stable systems whether they are minimum phase or not, all minimum phase systems whether they are stable or not, and some unstable nonminimum phase systems. The key substantive assumption is that the one-step-ahead optimal controller designed using the true system parameters leads to a stable closed-loop system. Subject to this natural restriction, it is shown that a simple adaptive control algorithm based on input matching is globally convergent in the sense that the system inputs and outputs remain bounded for all time and the input converges to the one-step-ahead optimal input. Both deterministic and stochastic cases are treated.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the production, transport and dissipation terms in the temperature variance equation in the atmospheric surface layer and found that for moderately unstable conditions, the ratio of production to dissipation is 1.4.
Abstract: Production, transport and dissipation terms in the temperature variance equation have been measured in the atmospheric surface layer. The transport term is, within the experimental uncertainty, negligible. The dissipation term, determined by assuming local isotropy, is approximately equal to production under near-neutral conditions. For moderately unstable conditions, the ratio of production to dissipation is 1.4. The resulting imbalance in the budget is attributed to the inequality between the three components of the dissipation term. The Kolmogorov constant for temperature is found to be about 0.8.
TL;DR: It was concluded that substance P produced a depressor response by action on its own specific receptors and tachycardia by catecholamine release whereas neurotensin and bombesin produced cardiovascular actions which were mediated entirely by amine release.
TL;DR: In this article, it is suggested that there will be no unique mental state/neural state association that can be set up, because, e.g., many different parts of the nervous system are all capable of taking over "control" of the one mental function.
Abstract: Any theory of reduction that goes only so far as carried in Parts I and II ([165], [166]) does only half the job. Prima facie at least, there are cases of would-be reduction which seem torn between two conflicting intuitions. On the one side there is a strong intuition that reduction is involved, and a strongly retentive reduction at that. On the other side it seems that the concepts at one level cross-classify those at the other level, so that there is no way to identify properties at one level with those at the other. There is evidence to suggest that there will be no unique mental state/neural state association that can be set up, because, e.g., many different parts of the nervous system are all capable of taking over ‘control’ of the one mental function. And it is alleged that infinitely many, worse: indefinitely many, different bio-chemo-physical states could correspond to the economic property ‘has a monetary system of economic exchange’; and similarly for the property ‘has just won a game of tennis’. Yet one doesn't want an economic system or a game of tennis to be some ghostly addition to the actual bio-chemo-physical processes and events involved (cf. Rudner [188]). Similarly one hopes that neurophysiology allied with the rest of natural science will render human experience and behaviour explicable.
01 Dec 1981-Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B-process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science
TL;DR: The rate of dissociation of CO2 on liquid iron between about 1540 and 1740 °C and at CO/CO2 ratios of 6.7 to 100 has been studied by means of the 14CO2-CO exchange reaction.
Abstract: The rate of dissociation of CO2 on liquid iron between about 1540 and 1740 °C and at CO/CO2 ratios of 6.7 to 100 has been studied by means of the14CO2-CO exchange reaction. It is shown that for essentially pure iron the rate constant at low oxygen potential is consistent with that for the decarburization of liquid iron by CO2, indicating a common rate determining step. The influence of the gas composition on the rate is found to be consistent with surface blockage by adsorbed oxygen which obeys an ideal Langmuir adsorption isotherm over the experimentally accessible conditions. The adsorption coefficient for oxygen with respect to the infinitely dilute solution with 1 wt pct as standard state is deduced to be given by: logK′o = 11270/T – 4.09 The value of K′o at 1550 °C is found to be in good accord with the available data for the depression of the surface tension of liquid iron by oxygen.
TL;DR: These studies appear to provide information on the sites of action for the reported effects of these and related steroids on spermatozoal motility, migration and metabolism.
Abstract: The locations of steroid binding sites with specificities for 17 beta-oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone have been examined on human spermatozoa by autoradiography. The binding sites were not evenly distributed over the entire surface of human spermatozoa. They were more densely located on the midpiece of the tail, less on the head and neck, and least on the principal- and end pieces of the tail. The binding sites for 17 beta-oestradiol were specific, with 3H-17 beta-oestradiol being displayed by unlabelled 17 beta-oestradiol, but less readily displaced by either progesterone or testosterone. The binding sites for testosterone were less specific than those for 17 beta-oestradiol or those for progesterone. Both 17 beta-oestradiol and progesterone were good competitors for testosterone binding sites, while the binding of 3H-progesterone was easily displaced by 17 beta-oestradiol, but less readily displayed by testosterone. Since there was preferential binding of these steroids to the mid-piece, and strong competition for binding between 17 beta-oestradiol and progesterone, these studies appear to provide information on the sites of action for the reported effects of these and related steroids on spermatozoal motility, migration and metabolism.
TL;DR: In this article, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering for pyridine was proposed, which explains the enhancement, the anodizalion activation, the significance of silver, and the photographitization of coordinated Pyridine and formate.
TL;DR: A comprehensive analysis of the psychometric features of a recently‐introduced questionnaire designed to measure students' global perceptions of the medical school as a learning environment is aimed at.
Abstract: Summary
Growing concern over the stresses imposed on medical students by their undergraduate educational programme has led to a proliferation of surveys designed to measure students' global perceptions of the medical school as a learning environment. The present study aimed at a comprehensive analysis of the psychometric features of a recently-introduced questionnaire.
Students at four Australian medical schools completed the Medical School Learning Environment Survey (Marshall, 1978). Data on the retest reliability, internal consistency and factorial validity of the MSLES are presented. Its potential usefulness for future evaluations within and between medical schools is discussed.
TL;DR: Key features of the algorithm are a priori residuals are used in the regression vector, and the input signal need not be persistently exciting to establish global convergence for an adaptive prediction algorithm.
TL;DR: The detection limit of iron, expressed as wt.% FeCO 3 component in the dolomite structure, is of the order of 1%. The presence of Fe in the mineral siderite may be clearly distinguished from the Fe present as ferroan dolomerite/ankerite.
TL;DR: This review aims to crystallize the current research findings and to identify significant areas for further investigation and application of an immunosuppressive early pregnancy factor associated with mammalian reproduction.
TL;DR: Rats treated intraperitoneally with 1 mg/kg of melatonin displayed less postural freezing and increased activity within the central area of the open field, and total ambulation, defecation, rearing and initial latency to move were unaffected by melatonin treatment.
Abstract: Open field behavior was studied in rats which had been treated intraperitoneally with 1 mg/kg of melatonin one hour prior to testing. Compared to controls, those rats which had been administered melatonin displayed less postural freezing and increased activity within the central area of the open field. Total ambulation, defecation, rearing and initial latency to move were unaffected by melatonin treatment.
TL;DR: In this article, the properties of a fly ash cloud which determine its radiative influence in furnaces are its dust burden, projected surface area and its mean absorption and scattering efficiency.
Abstract: The properties of a fly ash cloud which determine its radiative influence in furnaces are its dust burden, projected surface area and its mean absorption and scattering efficiency. The first property can be estimated by stoichiometry, the second by laboratory sizing of the ash and the radiative efficiencies should be related to its chemical character. Previous measurements of the absorption and scattering coefficients of ash in several power stations are interpreted in terms of these properties. The resulting estimates of the absorption index of the fly ashes are an order of magnitude higher than the dominant oxides in the ash. Ash is shown to be significant as an emitter and scatterer of radiation, with the present uncertainty in its optical properties leading to unacceptable errors in the calculation of radiative heat transfer.