Showing papers in "Autoimmunity Reviews in 2014"

TL;DR: This review focuses on the biology of Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells and their role in inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and suggests that the Th17/Treg balance plays a major role in the development and the disease outcomes of animal model and human autoimmune/inflammatory diseases.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the role of the adaptive immune response in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) and found that an abnormal immune response against the microorganisms of the intestinal flora is responsible for the disease in genetically susceptible individuals.

TL;DR: Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT), now considered the most common autoimmune disease, was described over a century ago as a pronounced lymphoid goiter affecting predominantly women, and several other clinico-pathologic entities are now included under the term HT.

TL;DR: Obesity appears to be a major environmental factor contributing to the onset and progression of autoimmune diseases.

TL;DR: Determination of high level of CXCL10 in peripheral fluids is therefore a marker of host immune response, especially T helper (Th)1 orientated T-cells, therefore creating an amplification feedback loop, and perpetuating the autoimmune process.

TL;DR: Non-induction of anti-TNF in patients with stable deep clinico-biologic and mucosal remission may be a viable option, as in these carefully selected patients the majority may enjoy long-term remission without the need for continued anti- TNF treatment.

TL;DR: Adult-onset Still's disease cases benefit now from recent insights into autoinflammatory disorders: anakinra seems to be an efficient, well tolerated, steroid-sparing treatment in systemic patterns; tocilizumab seems efficient in AOSD with active arthritis and systemic symptoms while TNFα-blockers could be interesting in chronic polyarticular refractory AOSd.

TL;DR: The task force chose as future clinical research directions the necessity for controlled clinical trials in venous thromboembolism with the new oral direct thrombin or anti-factor Xa inhibitors pending the results of the ongoing rivaroxaban in APS (RAPS) trial.

TL;DR: Over the years, several sets of criteria have been proposed for the diagnosis of MS, based on the principles of dissemination in space (DIS) and dissemination in time (DIT) of CNS lesions, and the exclusion of other diseases with similar characteristics.

TL;DR: In most cases the diagnosis of psoriasis is dependent primarily on pattern recognition that is morphologic evaluation of skin lesions and joints, and histopathological examination and blood tests are generally not valuable tools in making the diagnosis.

TL;DR: Autoantibodies, mainly antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and anti-goblet cell antibodies (GAB) may be helpful in the early diagnosis of UC and in differentiating it from CrD.

TL;DR: Presenting features of IgG4-RD vary substantially according to the specialty to which patients present first; in addition, the disease can be diagnosed unexpectedly in pathological specimens or identified incidentally on radiology studies.

TL;DR: Routine testing for anti-ARS autoantibodies (other than anti-Jo-1/histidyl-tRNA synthetase) is not widely available, sometimes leading to delays in diagnosis and poor disease outcomes.

TL;DR: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis, which affects small- and medium-sized blood vessels and is often associated with cytoplasmic ANCA.

TL;DR: This report summarizes the findings, conclusions and recommendations of the "APS Task Force 3-Laboratory Diagnostics and Trends" meeting that took place during the 14th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies (APLA 2013, September 18-21, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil).

TL;DR: The presence of anti-ARS autoantibodies delimits a heterogeneous subset of patients with a high prevalence of myositis, MH, arthralgia in anti-Jo1 patients, and RPh and fever in non-anti-Jo 1 patients, challenging the clinical delimitation of the antisynthetase syndrome.

TL;DR: Clinically, GD is characterized by the manifestations of thyrotoxicosis as well as by its extrathyroidal features when present, the latter making the diagnosis almost unmistakable.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided for the role of Th17 cells in immune-mediated diseases and several drugs that impact the IL-17 pathway are already in clinical trials for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

TL;DR: A detailed critical overview of not only the history of CRPS, but also the epidemiology, the clinical features, the pathophysiological studies, the proposed criteria, the therapy and an emphasis that future research should apply more rigorous standards to allow a better understanding ofCRPS are provided.

TL;DR: The studies analyzed by the Task Force were to assess the current knowledge on pathogenesis, clinical and laboratory features, diagnosis and classification, precipitating factors and treatment of this condition, and recommendations for future research.

TL;DR: Overall, the risk of a demyelinating CNS disease following vaccination, although non-negligible, is relatively low and the benefits of vaccinations surpass the potential risks of CNS inflammation.

TL;DR: In CrD, an inappropriate response of the innate and/or adaptive immune system to the intestinal microbiota in genetically predisposed individuals is seen, leading to a stricturing or even fistulising phenotype in up to 50% of patients finally.

TL;DR: There are limitations in the quality of the data supporting the association of aPL with obstetric complications included in the current APS classification criteria and recommended treatments for all pregnancy morbidity associated to APS also lack well-designed studies to confirm its efficacy.

TL;DR: The implication of TNFα in multiple sclerosis is dealt with and the possible relationship of T NFα antagonist and demyelinating diseases is discussed.

TL;DR: This meta-analysis shows that the risk of first thrombotic event is significantly decreased by low dose aspirin among asymptomatic aPL individuals, patients with SLE or obstetrical APS.

TL;DR: The diagnosis of Henoch-Schönlein purpura is reviewed including the aspects of classification criteria, differential diagnosis, and some laboratory findings as the biomarkers with diagnostic potential.

TL;DR: The presence of large joint oligoarthritis, urogenital tract infection, and uveitis characterizes Reiter's syndrome as a clinical subtype and diagnostic criteria are based on the ACR guidelines and include rheumatological signs along with a proof of infection.

TL;DR: Eosinophilic fasciitis is a rare scleroderma-like syndrome with an unknown etiology and pathogenesis that should be considered an immune-allergic disorder, although some patients may improve spontaneously.

TL;DR: LA and aCL were significantly associated with an increased risk of thrombosis, especially arterial, in patients without SLE, and the presence of low-quality studies may have led to overestimation of the magnitude of the associations.

TL;DR: Reports of autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis- and dermatitis-like skin reactions with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), are increasing, likely a reflection of the growing use of these agents.