Showing papers in "Bone in 2014"

TL;DR: The results suggest that TZD treatment is associated with an increased risk of fractures in women, effects of rosig litazone and pioglitazone are similar, fracture risk is independent of age and fracture risk has no clear association with duration of TZDs exposure.

TL;DR: It is concluded that human lamellar bone is comprised of two distinct materials, an ordered material and a disordered material, and contains an additional hierarchical level of organization composed of arrays of ordered collagen fibrils, referred to as rods.

TL;DR: Clinical studies in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis showed that long-term use of bisphosphonates resulted in persistent antifracture and bone mineral density (BMD) increasing effects beyond 3 years of treatment.

TL;DR: As more information is gathered regarding osteosarcoma initiating cells and how they may relate to the cell of origin the authors will derive a better understanding of the development of this disease which may ultimately lead to clinical improvements through more personalized therapeutic approaches.

TL;DR: This paper reviews the main concepts, methods, and applications of SSM and SAM as applied to bone and describes the main modes of variations of shape and density distribution from their mean values.

TL;DR: Both, osteoblasts and osteoclasts were found to have direct cell-cell contact with lymphocytes, strongly suggesting a regulatory role of the immune cells specifically in the later stages of fracture healing.

TL;DR: Denosumab reduced remodeling more rapidly and completely than alendronate, reduced porosity of the three cortical regions at 6months, more so by 12months relative to baseline and controls, and 1.5- to 2-fold more so than alendedronate.

TL;DR: The results provide the first evidence that repeated exposure to sitting (SB), measured objectively in daily life, is deleteriously associated with BMD of the total femur and of all hip sub-regions in men and women.

TL;DR: The latest advances in GSD research are reviewed and strategies to address basic and clinical research questions related to GSD are presented.

TL;DR: In postmenopausal women who were suboptimally adherent to alendronate therapy, transitioning to denosumab was well tolerated and more effective than risedronate in increasing BMD and reducing bone turnover.

TL;DR: Mortality rates post hip fracture were higher in men compared to women in all age groups studied and the largest proportion of the potential life-years lost was in the relatively young-old, i.e. less than 80 years.

TL;DR: It is found that dependence on apoptosis for neighboring non-apoptotic cells to produce signals that promote tissue remodeling also occurs in response to focal ischemic injury in the brain and heart, indicating that osteoclastic bone remodeling follows a common paradigm for localized tissue repair.

TL;DR: HFD caused significant accumulation of MAT; importantly running exercise limited MAT acquisition while promoting bone formation during both diets, relevant for an aging and sedentary population.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the local administration of serum-free conditioned medium from human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CM) accelerated callus formation in the mouse H-DO model, suggesting that MSCs produce a broad repertoire of trophic factors with tissue-regenerative activities that accelerate healing in the DO process.

TL;DR: It is foreseen that with the use of genomics and proteomics, new markers will be developed to ultimately improve the management of patients with osteoporosis, and recent studies suggest that the measurements of circulating microRNAs may represent a novel class of early biological markers in osteopsorosis.

TL;DR: A computationally efficient and validated automated image analysis method to quantify the 3D shape descriptors of osteocyte lacunae and their distribution in human femurs is proposed and is expected to provide reliable biological information for better understanding the bone quality and diseases at cellular level.

TL;DR: Data show that while young-adult C57BL/6 mice had greater periosteal bone formation following loading than middle-aged or old mice, aging did not eliminate the ability of the tibia to accrue cortical bone.

TL;DR: It is proposed that based on their morphogenetic activity on bone-forming cells in vitro and the results of the animal experiments presented here, silica/biosilica-based scaffolds are promising materials for bone repair/regeneration.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that RANKL produced by osteocytes contributes to the increased bone resorption and the bone loss caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism, strengthening the evidence that osteocytes are an important target cell for hormonal control of bone remodeling.

TL;DR: Characteristic large-sized osteoclasts were uniquely found in patients treated with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates, thus being clearly distinguishable from giant-osteoclasts in other bone disorders such as Paget disease, secondary hyperparathyroidism or osteopetrosis.

TL;DR: Calcifediol given daily, weekly, or as a single bolus is about 2-3 times more potent in increasing plasma 25(OH)D3 concentrations than vitamin D3.

TL;DR: Results suggest that the osteogenic effect of icariin involves the PI3K-AKT-eNOS-NO-cGMP-PKG signal pathway and dosage response studies showed that icari in at 10(-6)M (a physiologically achievable concentration in vivo) also activated this signal pathway.

TL;DR: QPCR analyses in needle bone biopsies from young versus old women indicate that despite increases in circulating sclerostin levels, bone sclerOSTin mRNA levels do not increase in elderly women, and identified mRNA levels of SFRP1 as being increased in aging bone in humans, suggesting that this may also represent a viable target for the development of anabolic therapies for age-related bone loss and osteoporosis.

TL;DR: It is concluded that vitamin D has a role in fracture healing, but the available data are too inconsistent to elucidate how and in what manner.

TL;DR: The results would suggest that physical exercise in old individuals can positively influence only the formation side of (re) modeling, and a therapy against age-related bone loss combining physical exercise and pharmaceuticals is most efficient if they each act on different parameters of the ( re)modeling process.

TL;DR: The ability to maintain the bone marrow microenvironment would hinder much of the trabecular bone loss caused by radiation exposure, ultimately decreasing some comorbidities in patients exposed to radiation.

TL;DR: Bone formation parameters and hindlimb suspension experiments suggest that ERα in osteocytes has osteoprotective functions in trabecular bone formation through regulating expression of Wnt antagonists, but conversely plays a negative role in cortical bone loss due to unloading.

TL;DR: Women with anorexia nervosa have higher total femoral marrow fat but similar composition compared to normal-weight controls, and the degree of marrow FA saturation correlates inversely with BMD, suggesting that saturated lipids may have negative effects on BMD.

TL;DR: The data suggest that Sost-ab is less effective in a more severely affected OI mouse model, and previous studies had found marked improvements of Sst-ab on bone mass and strength in an OI mice model with a milder phenotype.

TL;DR: A regulatory network with a central role for the miR-218 in hASCs osteogenic differentiation is established and a feed-forward regulatory circuit provides additional insight into how miRNAs acting as a signal amplifier interact with signal molecules during hASC osteogenic differentiate.