Showing papers in "Consciousness and Cognition in 2010"

TL;DR: It is suggested that 4days of meditation training can enhance the ability to sustain attention; benefits that have previously been reported with long-term meditators.

TL;DR: A third meditation-category--automatic self-transcending--is proposed to extend the dichotomy of focused attention and open monitoring proposed by Lutz, and shed light on the common mistake of averaging meditations together to determine mechanisms or clinical effects.

TL;DR: PAS seems to be the most exhaustive measure of awareness, and support for above-chance performance in the absence of subjective awareness is found, but such unconscious knowledge only contributes to performance when the authors observe conscious knowledge as well.

TL;DR: Recent research has now provided compelling psychophysical and electrophysiological evidence to support the claim that attending to a sensory modality, spatial location, or stimulus feature/attribute can all give rise to a relative speeding-up of the time of arrival of attended, as compared to relatively less attended (or unattended) stimuli.

TL;DR: The phenomenology of two blind users of a sensory substitution device - "The vOICe" - that converts visual images to auditory signals is described and may constitute an example of acquired synaesthesia.

TL;DR: It is proposed that color-flavor interactions in flavor perception cannot be understood solely in terms of the principles of multisensory integration but that the role of higher-level cognitive factors, such as expectations, must also be considered.

TL;DR: Results show that regular meditation is associated with more accurate, efficient, and flexible visual attentional processing across diverse tasks that have high face validity outside of the laboratory.

TL;DR: Results showed that action-event consistency enhanced both binding and self-reported authorship, supporting the hypothesis that binding arises from an inference of authorship and evidence for a dissociation emerged.

TL;DR: The collected evidence on the somatotopic activation of motor areas, abstract and concrete word processing, as well as from reported patient and timing studies emphasizes the important role of sensorimotor areas in language processing and supports the hypothesis that the motor system is activated during language comprehension.

TL;DR: The authors examined narrative identity in a group of 81 patients with schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls through the recall of self-defining memories and found that patients' narratives were less coherent and elaborate than those of controls.

TL;DR: It is shown that when people are just as ready to bet on a genuine random process as their own classification decisions, their classifications are still above baseline, indicating knowledge participants are not aware of having.

TL;DR: This work investigates whether galvanic vestibular stimulation interferes with the mechanisms underlying ownership, touch, and the localization of one's own hand in healthy participants by using the "rubber hand illusion" paradigm, and shows that left anodal GVS increases illusory ownership of the fake hand and illusORY location of touch.

TL;DR: This study introduces a new signal detection measure termed subjective discriminability of invisibility (SDI) that allows one to distinguish between subjective blindness due to reduction of sensory signals or to lack of attentional access to sensory signals.

TL;DR: Libet's results do not provide evidence that voluntary movements are initiated unconsciously, and electrophysiological signs recorded by Libet, Gleason, Wright, and Pearl (1983) are associated only with preparation for movement.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined explicit and implicit components of visually cued dual adaptation in younger and older adults and found that only young adults, but not old adults, produced appropriate adaptive shifts of hand-movement direction to compensate for the visuomotor rotations.

TL;DR: The observed changes associated with long-term meditation appear in structures that underlie the attention network and also those that relate to emotion and autonomic function.

TL;DR: 'automatic self-transcending' is added to the previously proposed categories of 'focused attention' and 'open monitoring', and characteristic EEG bands are suggested as the defining criteria for each of the three categories.

TL;DR: This paper investigated the relationship between metacognition and mindreading by comparing the monitoring of one's own learning (Self) and another person's learning (Other) and found that self-paced study judgments of learning (JOLs) for oneself are inversely related to the amount of study time (ST) invested in each item.

TL;DR: A signal detection model is proposed which predicts that advantageous wagers placed on the identity of preceding stimuli are affected by loss aversion, despite stimulus visibility remaining constant.

TL;DR: Memory related to current concerns were rated as more central to the person's identity, life story and expectations for the future than non-concerned memories, irrespective of mode of recall.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented for the opposite; where the transfer of knowledge is achieved only in the absence of conscious awareness, where the unconscious may outperform the conscious in knowledge transfer.

TL;DR: Support for dissociative typological models of high hypnotic suggestibility is provided and results indicate that highly suggestible individuals do not display a uniform response to a hypnotic induction.

TL;DR: The results, overall, support the view that the SART is a better measure of response strategy than lapses in sustained attention or mindlessness.

TL;DR: It is suggested that visual processing of target stimuli in the metacontrast masking task is based on neural levels with sufficient plasticity to enable the development of two types of observers, which do not contribute to processing of targets in the priming task.

TL;DR: A self-focus provoking situation can enhance online action-control mechanisms, needed to resist unintentional motor contagion tendencies and thereby enables a modulation of automatic mirroring responses.

TL;DR: The conscious status of both the knowledge that an item is legal and the knowledge of why it is legal in sequence learning are investigated in order to be clear over whether judgment or structural knowledge is claimed to be unconscious as the two dissociate in sequencelearning.

TL;DR: Results showed that invisible upright faces could break suppression faster than invisible inverted faces, and suggested that face processing without awareness is still specific, while no difference was found for invisible upright houses and invisible inverted houses.

TL;DR: It is found that IB and subjective agency are not mutually predictive when an action can be attributed to only one of two 'co-intending' agents.

TL;DR: Criteria is developed which set paradigmatic self-deception apart from related phenomena of auto-manipulation such as pretense and motivational bias and who hopes to put forward a promising candidate.

TL;DR: The results showed that attention and stimulus strength significantly modulated priming effects: either receiving top-down attention or possessing sufficient bottom-up strength was a prerequisite for a stimulus to elicit priming.