Showing papers in "Consciousness and Cognition in 2016"

TL;DR: Evidence for mindfulness meditation-related benefits to executive functioning, processes important for much of human volitional behaviour, and recommendations surrounding application of mindfulness practice and future research are discussed are discussed.

TL;DR: It is argued that direct gaze first captures the beholder's attention and then triggers self-referential processing, which leads to the Watching Eyes effects, which are classified into four main categories: the enhancement of self-awareness, memory effects, the activation of pro-social behavior, and positive appraisals of others.

TL;DR: Overall studies did not support attention or executive function improvements and call into question the theoretical underpinnings of mindfulness, further highlighting the need for a comprehensive theoretical framework.

TL;DR: Structural analogies between key features of mysticism and major clinical-phenomenological aspects of the schizophrenia spectrum disorders are explored-i.e. attitudes, the nature of experience, and the 'other', mystical or psychotic reality.

TL;DR: It is suggested that music chills can be visible in the moment-to-moment changes in the size of pupillary responses and that a neuromodulatory role of the central norepinephrine system is thereby implicated in this phenomenon.

TL;DR: It is suggested that Maladaptive Daydreaming represents an under-acknowledged clinical phenomenon that causes distress, hinders life functioning and requires more scientific and clinical attention.

TL;DR: The Maladaptive Daydreaming Scale (MDS), a 14-item self-report instrument designed to gauge abnormal fantasizing, demonstrated good validity, sound internal consistency and temporal stability and discriminated well between self-identified individuals with and without maladaptive daydreaming.

TL;DR: A quality effects meta-analysis on studies from the period 1966-2016 measuring either lucid dreaming prevalence or frequent lucid dreaming measuring either one or more lucid dreams in a lifetime is reported, consistent with earlier estimates but based on more robust evidence.

TL;DR: This work argues that an array of general biological features that are found in all living things, combined with a suite of special neurobiological features unique to animals with consciousness, evolved to create subjective experience.

TL;DR: Investigating how repeated retrieval affects the availability of visual information, and whether it could explain the observed shift in perspective with time, found that first-person visual details from the event were retained better and the shift in Perspective was slowed.

TL;DR: Mediation analyses suggest that selflessness elicits happiness via dissolution of perceived body boundaries, which suggests that happiness increased when the salience of body boundaries decreased.

TL;DR: Results showed correspondence between trait-level reports of spontaneous and deliberate mind wandering and their state-level counterparts, indicating that people's reports on the intentionality of their mind wandering in the laboratory correspond to their reports of the intendality of mind wanderingIn everyday life.

TL;DR: This study examines the relation between SART performance and attention lapses while controlling for motor decoupling and suggests that both accounts are correct and that the SART is a valid measure of attention lapse.

TL;DR: The results of the experiment reveal that robust RPs occured in the absence of movement and that motor-related processes did not significantly modulate the RP, suggesting that the RP measured here is unlikely to reflect preconscious motor planning or preparation of an ensuing movement, and instead may reflect decision-related or anticipatory processes that are non-motoric in nature.

TL;DR: It was found that children with ASD showed diminished accuracy in their judgments of confidence, indicating metacognitive monitoring impairments in ASD.

TL;DR: A new, non-monolithic view of MRs is presented, according to which, contrarily to the received view, when looking at in between (visual) perceptual processes and motor processes, the authors find not only a single representational mechanism with different functions, but an ensemble of different sub-representational phenomena, each of which with a different function.

TL;DR: It is suggested that consciousness and mindfulness meditation can be integrated within a neuroscientific perspective, by identifying the brain areas which seem to play an essential role in both, namely the anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulates cortex, insula and thalamus.

TL;DR: It is proposed that level-2 perspectives (containing aspectual information) can also be computed spontaneously if participants have reason to assume that the partner is indeed aware of the objects' aspectual properties.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that engaging in particular kinds of meditation creates particular cognitive-control states that bias the individual processing style toward either goal-persistence or cognitive flexibility.

TL;DR: In patients, poorer neurocognitive function and higher degree of negative symptoms were related to less causal coherence and lower self-continuity in relation to chapters, but few differences were found between the patients and the controls.

TL;DR: Results showed that both the consideration of future consequences and episodic future thinking were associated with Procrastination, and in particular with procrastination-related decision making abilities and procrastinated-related motivational dispositions, respectively.

TL;DR: This research attempts to model specific forms of intelligence through brute-force search heuristics and also reproduce features of human perception and cognition, including emotions, to believe that phenomenal consciousness cannot be implemented in machines.

TL;DR: Mental body representations retain homuncular shape distortions that characterize early stages of somatosensory processing, and the forearm was significantly more distorted than the hand lengthwise but not widthwise.

TL;DR: Mental chronometry was used to measure a retrospective component of sense of agency (SoA), triggered by the occurrence of the action outcome, and a prospective component, driven by the expectation that the outcome will occur, which was absent for positive and negative expected outcomes.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the higher cognitive load, associated with an increase in task complexity, increased the likelihood of attention lapses, while a reduction intask complexity increased the chances of microsleeps.

TL;DR: This review will discuss the studies that examined the effects on pain perception of the vision of the own body, with or without body ownership illusions.

TL;DR: People felt stronger joint agency when they produced sequences that required mutual coordination compared to sequences in which only one partner had to coordinate with the other, and were better coordinated with their partner.

TL;DR: The experiments reported extend the findings of the earlier paper and allow us to reject Bachmann and Aru's critique of the authors' conclusion (2015) that IM requires attention and are consistent with the view that iconic memory demands attention and that conscious perception does as well.

TL;DR: Two experiments studying the relationship among explicit judgments about what people see, know, and should assert support the claim that inhabiting a misleading environment intuitively decreases the authors' willingness to attribute perception and knowledge and provide new evidence that knowledge is the norm of assertion.

TL;DR: The primary concern of participants was receiving social support which can facilitate caregiving and coping with difficulties, but there are many shortcomings in supporting these caregivers.