Showing papers in "Current Opinion in Plant Biology in 2010"

TL;DR: Network analysis has revealed that synergistic relationships among the signaling sectors are evident in PTI, which may amplify the signal, whereas compensatory relationships amongthe sectors dominate in ETI, explaining the robustness of ETI against genetic and pathogenic perturbations.

TL;DR: The growth promoting functions of the hexokinase (HXK) glucose sensor, the trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) signal and the Target of Rapamycin (TOR) kinase pathway, and the growth inhibitory function of the SNF1-related Protein Kinase1 (SnRK1) and the C/S1 bZIP transcription factor network are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reveal complex regulatory networks that control global gene expression, protein modification, and metabolite composition, including changes in nucleosome distribution, histone modification, DNA methylation, and npcRNAs.

TL;DR: The most significant findings in TALE research are reviewed, with a focus on recent advances, and future prospects including pressing questions yet to be answered are discussed.

TL;DR: A review of key light signaling components that link light signals to the signaling of phytohormones, such as gibberellin, abscisic acid, auxin and cytokinin, in regulating seedling photomorphogenesis and seed germination and illustrates how light and hormone interact.

TL;DR: Increased availability of high throughput genotyping technology together with advances in DNA sequencing and in the development of statistical methodology appropriate for genome-wide association scan mapping in presence of considerable population structure contributed to the increased interest association mapping in plants.

TL;DR: Except for several sucrose facilitators from seed coats of some leguminous plants all sucrose transporters cloned to date, including recently identified vacuolar sucroseTransporters, have been characterised as sucrose/H(+) symporters.

TL;DR: There is an urgent need to vigorously pursue and develop biotechnological opportunities for adaptation at a time when the procedures that have delivered increased yields over the past 50 years may have reached their ceiling.

TL;DR: In plants, many of the innate immune receptors or disease resistance (R) proteins contain a NB-LRR (Nucleotide-binding site, Leucine-rich repeat) structure, and recent results delineate the NB- LRR protein fragments that are sufficient to initiate defense signaling.

TL;DR: The genes involved in nitrate regulation and how they influence nitrate transport and assimilation are described and the role of systems biology approaches in elucidating the gene networks involved in NO(3)(-) signaling adaptation to fluctuating environments is discussed.

TL;DR: Progress is being made in understanding the molecular basis of these natural variations in wall composition of biomass, which will be a valuable resource that can be used during efforts to generate designer biofuel crops using either selected breeding methods or recombinant DNA techniques.

TL;DR: Common features of uniparental gene regulation and nonadditive gene expression in regulatory pathways responsive to growth, development, and stresses in many polyploids have led to the conclusion that epigenetic mechanisms including chromatin modifications and small RNAs play central roles in shaping molecular and phenotypic novelty that may be selected and domesticated in manypolyploids.

TL;DR: Emerging knowledge will help in identifying genes involved in quantitative broad-spectrum resistance and durable resistance leading to formulation of efficient ways for using these genetic resources for crop improvement via biotechnological approaches.

TL;DR: A new approach has emerged that dissects yield and integrative traits that influence stress tolerance into heritable traits (e.g. sensitivity parameters or architectural traits) by using phenotyping platforms with model-assisted methods.

TL;DR: The logic in models that simulate land-atmosphere interactions is used to illustrate the central role played by stomatal conductance in the Earth System and introduces uncertainty in modeling studies being used to predict weather and climate change and ultimately to inform policy decisions.

TL;DR: There is a growing body of work that has demonstrated several genetic engineering strategies that, when coupled with an integrated approach to conversion, hold significant promise for the development of tailored feedstocks designed for biofuel production.

TL;DR: The discovery and characterization of these mutants is an important first step toward understanding the mechanisms of strigolactone biosynthesis and signaling and their importance in regulating shoot branching.

TL;DR: These advances have shown in atomic resolution that the ABA receptors PYR1, PYL1 and PYL2 function as allosteric switches that inhibit type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) in response to ABA.

TL;DR: How environmental cues might modulate this pathway such that gas exchange is optimized to suit the prevailing environmental conditions is discussed.

TL;DR: Synthetic detours, reminiscent of secondary photorespiratory pathways naturally occurring in cyanobacteria, were installed in Arabidopsis thaliana to bypass photorespiration and raised the question why these pathways have been lost from higher plants.

TL;DR: In plants, cyanogenic glucosides have gained additional functionalities as transporters of nitrogen and operation of an endogenous turnover pathway may enable plants to withdraw the nitrogen and glucose deposited in cyanogenic glucose for use in primary metabolism.

TL;DR: This work suggests broadening the use of 'core reference sets' so as to facilitate material sharing within the scientific community and to finely characterize all the facets of plant behavior in carefully chosen materials.

TL;DR: Increased resolution of the flooding signaling network will require more precise investigation of the interactions between oxygen tension and cellular energy status in regulation of anaerobic metabolism and ethylene-driven growth, both essential to survival in variable flooding environments.

TL;DR: Recent molecular and genetic studies have identified a number of factors that regulate processes such as vegetative meristem activities, cell elongation, photosynthetic efficiency, and secondary wall biosynthesis, all of which are crucial for plant biomass production.

TL;DR: This review summarises briefly the known steps in starch metabolism, highlighting recent discoveries and focuses on evidence for potential regulatory mechanisms of the enzymes involved.

TL;DR: These findings indicate that the makeup of circadian clock(s) within a plant is quite variable, and it is emerging that both CO and FT expression are intricately controlled by groups of transcription factors with overlapping functions.

TL;DR: This paper reviews recent developments in necrotrophic fungal pathogenicity throughout a critical period that arguably saw this field come of age.

TL;DR: Through virtual platforms aided by the information and communication technology revolution, breeders now have better access to genomic resources, advanced laboratory services, and robust analytical and data management tools, which are bound to have impact crop improvement in developing countries.

TL;DR: This work has shown that the antagonistic interaction between cytokinins and auxin seems to also occur in other developmental processes, such as lateral root emergence and leaf initiation.