Showing papers in "Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews in 2013"

TL;DR: The latest views on additional roles of the BAFF system in health and diseases are provided, as well as an update on BAFF and autoimmunity, with particular focus on current clinical trials.

TL;DR: When applied exogenously GDF-15 is a powerful factor for promoting survival of developing and lesioned neurons in vitro and in vivo and its opposing functions, which are typical for members of the TGF-β superfamily, have only partly been resolved on the molecular level.

TL;DR: The role of CCR7 in adaptive immunity is summarized and recent progress in understanding how this axis is regulated is described, and CCX-CKR is highlighted, which scavenges both C CR7 ligands, and its emerging significance in the immune system is discussed.

TL;DR: Understanding the role of angiogenic factors in the bone microenvironment may help to develop novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic biomarkers for bone and joint diseases, such as osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, osteoarthritis, and delayed fracture healing.

TL;DR: Using inducers of immunogenic cell death (ICD) that can prevent or impede tumour-promoting cytokine signalling is one of the best ways of instigating or restoring efficient anti-tumour immunity.

TL;DR: It is important to consider the interactions and crosstalk between these three chemokine receptors and their ligand mediated signaling cascades for the development of effective anti-cancer therapies.

TL;DR: This review reflects on the critical discoveries that have lead to the current understanding of how SOCS proteins function and discusses what the authors see as important questions for future research.

TL;DR: Different adipokine- and cytokine-mediated molecular signaling pathways involved in obesity-associated breast cancer, available therapeutic strategies and potential therapeutic targets for obesity- associated breast cancer are discussed.

TL;DR: Recent findings in the field of ICD research are summarized with a special focus on ER stress mechanisms and their implication for cancer therapy.

TL;DR: The role of cytokines in MF initiation and progression is discussed, the impact of current therapies is reviewed, and new combination therapies are proposed, such as JAK1/2 inhibitors with interferons, statins, and epigenetic modifiers for patients with MF and related neoplasms.

TL;DR: Here, the current literature which implicates PRRs in IBD and CAC is comprehensively reviewed.

TL;DR: An overview of the different OPG ligands regulating its biological functions is described, which can promote cell survival, cell proliferation and facilitates migration by binding TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), glycosaminoglycans or proteogly cans.

TL;DR: The activins, as members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, are pleiotrophic regulators of cell development and function, including cells of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages, and are emerging as important diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in inflammatory and fibrotic diseases.

TL;DR: Understanding how these pathways are regulated and how to measure them by biomarkers or gene signatures will enable to better understand the role of IFN pathways in the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory diseases and cancer, which will lead to improved patient stratification and disease treatment.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review on the associations between Th17 cells/cytokines and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and EAN is presented.

TL;DR: The recent progression of the involvement of IL-22 in the development and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, as well as its clinical implications and therapeutic potential are discussed.

TL;DR: The process of TGFβ secretion and activation is reviewed using evolutionary data, sequence conservation and structural information to examine the molecular mechanisms by which TGF β is secreted, sequestered and released and helps to define a potential hierarchy of activation mechanisms.

TL;DR: How responses to TGF-β change through the multiple Smad phospho-isoforms as normal epithelial cells mature from stem cells through progenitors to differentiated cells is outlined, and how constitutive Ras-activating mutants favor the Smad phosphorus-isoform pathway promoting tumor progression is reflected.

TL;DR: An updated account of why IL-6 inhibitors are shaping up to become an important class of drugs potentially useful in the treatment of ailments and in particular in inflammation and cancer is provided.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide an overview of the functional plasticity of secretory pathways and their modulation for controlling cytokines and inflammation, and summarize the prevailing knowledge about the trafficking and secretion of individual cytokines.

TL;DR: The most relevant information about IL-4,IL-10, IL-13, LIF and TGF-β focusing on their direct and indirect role in axonal outgrowth is summarized.

TL;DR: There is a significant body of emerging evidence that promoting the actions of angiopoietin-1 through Tie2 is of benefit in pathologies of vascular activation, such as sepsis, stroke, diabetic retinopathy and asthma.

TL;DR: Characterisation of the structural and dynamic requirements for the activation of the βc receptor family and the molecular definition of downstream signalling pathways are providing new insights into cytokine receptor signalling as well as new therapeutic opportunities.

TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances in PBEF research.

TL;DR: The most recent advances in adiponectin research in the context of RA are summarized, focusing primarily on its effect on RA-related cells, its regulation on pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as its validation as a biomarker for RA.

TL;DR: The key roles of FGFR in cancer are reviewed, an update on the status of clinical trials with small-molecule FGFR inhibitors is provided, and how the current structural data on FGFR kinases guide the design and characterization of new FG FR inhibitors is discussed.

TL;DR: Understanding how galectins in the tumor endothelium influence cancer progression is important for the translational development of galectin-targeting therapies.

TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding the role of chemokines and chemokine receptors in cellular recruitment of immune cells to the lung, role in granuloma formation and host defense against Mtb infection are highlighted.

TL;DR: A thorough investigation of the relevant literature is performed and a mechanism by which SNAG family members may function is proposed, based on the available information.

TL;DR: The evidence establishing CTGF/CCN2 as an important player in pancreatic physiology and pathology is reviewed, highlighting the specific cell types that are involved in each process and the importance of CTGF/, as a component of autocrine or paracrine signaling within or between these various cells.