Showing papers in "Experimental Cell Research in 2000"

TL;DR: The two prototypic death pathways are described, current understanding of the role of the two pathways in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis is summarized, and the implications of these studies for mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapeutic agents are discussed.

TL;DR: The molecular mechanism of and the physiological roles played by apoptotic DNA fragmentation will be discussed.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that high-frequency capacitance measurements are most suited to follow the increasing surface coverage of the electrode due to cell spreading, and the excellent time resolution of the ECIS technique allowed an in-depth analysis of cell spreading kinetics under various experimental conditions.

TL;DR: This minireview will focus on the role of protein kinases in apoptosis, which has been implicated both in the upstream induction phase of apoptosis and in the downstream execution stage, as the direct targets for caspases.

TL;DR: Computer simulations based on dynamic Boolean networks are used to show that the different cell fates that a particular cell can exhibit may represent a preprogrammed set of common end programs or "attractors" which self-organize within the cell's regulatory networks.

TL;DR: Evidence for participation of Rho GTPases in migration and invasion is addressed in this review with emphasis on epithelial cells and the contribution of RHo GTPase toward tumor invasion.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the regulation and cellular functions of Rho-associated kinase, which appears to mediate a large proportion of the signals from Rho and regulate dynamic reorganization of cytoskeletal proteins, such as stress fiber and focal adhesion formation.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that TGF-beta1 promoted a dose-dependent increase in the generation of contractile force in myofibroblasts and a concomitant increased in the expression of alpha-sm actin, and that this enhancement occurred prior to, and independent of, alpha-Sm actin expression.

TL;DR: It is shown that different nuclear export signals can vary profoundly in activity and therefore conclude that the nuclear export rate of a specific shuttling protein largely depends on both the strength and the accessibility of its NES.

TL;DR: It is elusive whether opening of the PTPC is the only physiological mechanism leading to mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, and the functional hierarchy among these proteins and their actual impact on the decision between death and life is elusive.

TL;DR: There is now evidence that posttranslational modifications based on phosphorylation by cdc2 kinase and PKC accompany the remarkable redistribution of the Ki-67 protein from the interior of the nucleus to the perichromosomal layer during mitosis and vice versa.

TL;DR: Caspases-8 and -9 appear to be the apical caspases activated in death receptor- and mitochondrial stress-induced apoptosis, respectively, and the role of large protein complexes in mediating these pathways is discussed.

TL;DR: It is clearly demonstrate that SA beta-gal staining in cells is increased under a variety of different conditions, but the interpretation of increased staining remains unclear, as does the question of whether the same mechanisms are responsible for the increased SA Beta-Gal staining observed in senescent cells and changes observed in cells under other conditions.

TL;DR: The immunohistochemical study revealed that, as odontoblasts, pulp cells contributing to the nodule formation express type I collagen, osteonectin, and nestin, which show that both the molecular and the mineral characteristics of the human dentin matrix are respected in the in vitro culture conditions.

TL;DR: A strong overall correlation between the cytometric assays of the apoptotic index based on the detection of caspase activation by the FLICA and the TUNEL assay was observed and indicates that FLICA offers a rapid and convenient method of assessing caspases activation in individual cells and can also be used to estimate the frequency of apoptosis.

TL;DR: In the fibroblast clones, the onset of replicative senescence was significantly correlated with the mean telomere fluorescence but, strikingly, not with chromosomes with the shortest telomeres, which is compatible with selection of cells on the basis of telomer length and limited recombination prior to senescences.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided that the protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) expressed on keratinocytes, but not on melanocytes, is involved in melanosome transfer and therefore may regulate pigmentation.

TL;DR: By targeting MITF for proteasome degradation, hUBC9 is a critical regulator of melanocyte differentiation, and the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in MITF degradation is indicated.

TL;DR: Packaging RNA and DNA into separate apoptotic bodies suggests that the phagosomes of the cells that ingest these particles are specialized: some of them are responsible for DNA degradation, others for degradation of RNA, which may facilitate heterophagic degradation of nucleic acids during apoptosis.

TL;DR: It is pointed out that nucleolin should also be considered a component of the cell surface where it could be functional as a cell surface receptor for various ligands reported before.

TL;DR: It is shown that the p18 form of Bax displays a more potent ability to induce cell death and may serve to increase the intrinsic cytotoxic properties of this proapoptotic molecule and enhance its cell death function at the mitochondria.

TL;DR: It is suggested that stretch-induced matrix deformation regulates chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation via two signal transduction pathways, with stretch-activated channels involved in transducing the proliferative signals and calcium channels involvedIn transduced the signals for both proliferation and differentiate.

TL;DR: A systematic and quantitative study of adult differentiated tissues has shown that gems always colocalize with coiled bodies, and shows that assembly of distinct nuclear bodies is not essential for RNA splicing and supports the view that they may be storage sites for reserves of essential proteins and snRNPs.

TL;DR: Early apoptotic events, such as mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c release, and increased intracellular calcium, were demonstrated to be common to both caspase-dependent and -independent H2O2-induced apoptosis, suggesting that hsp70 may be an important anti-apoptotic regulator, functioning at a very early stage in the apoptotic pathway.

TL;DR: Data indicate that there is an overexpression of CTGF in the systemic sclerosis cells, probably due to increased gene transcription, and suggest that the dysregulation ofCTGF production is an important factor in fibroblast activation and the excessive deposition of collagen in systemic sclerosis.