Showing papers in "Experimental Gerontology in 2004"

TL;DR: It is possible that inflammatory mediators constitute a link between life style factors, infections and physiological changes in the process of ageing on the one hand and risk factors for age-associated diseases on the other.

TL;DR: A significant reduction of the regenerative potential of muscle fibres is due to a reduced pool of satellite cells that are usually recruited to replace damaged fibres and promote their regeneration.

TL;DR: This study documents that the yolk precursor vitellogenin is likely to be involved in a regulatory pathway that controls the observed decline in somatic maintenance function of honeybee foragers.

TL;DR: There is a need for extensive studies on the use of melatonin in order to improve the quality of life in advanced age, and currently available data do not allow us to conclude that melatonin may have a role in extending normal longevity.

TL;DR: Healthy aging is associated with oxidative damage to proteins and DNA, a compensatory up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes, and aberrations of mtDNA, with no reduction in electron transport chain maximal enzyme activity.

TL;DR: High-density oligonucleotide arrays were used to probe the patterns of gene expression in skeletal muscle of seven young women and eight healthy older women and support previous observations on the differences in gene expression profiles between younger and older men.

TL;DR: The data indicated a bias towards a more anti-inflammatory response in the elderly and the accumulation of dysfunctional CMV-specific cells might fill the 'immunological space' and decrease the available repertoire of T cells for novel antigens.

TL;DR: The extreme longevity index (ELI), defined as the percentage of persons born in Sardinia between 1880 and 1900, who became centenarians, is calculated and the so-called 'Blue Zone', where longevity is concentrated in the central-eastern part of the island and covers all the mountainous areas of central Sardinia, is identified.

TL;DR: Drug dosage in the elderly requires an understanding of the age-dependent changes in drug disposition and sensitivity, and the most important pharmacokinetic alteration is a decline in renal function, the elderly should therefore be treated as renally insufficient patients.

TL;DR: It is shown that cellular aging of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome fibroblasts is characterised by a period of hyperproliferation and terminates with a large increase in the rate of apoptosis, supporting the view that cellular senescence and tissue homeostasis are important factors in the normal aging process.

TL;DR: Assessing pituitary gonadotropins and free testosterone levels in a larger cohort of men with Alzheimer's disease and age-matched controls and in non-demented participants found subclinical hyperthyroid disease (a risk factor for AD) was associated with low free testosterone, and lowering SHBG and screening for subclinical thyroid disease may prevent cognitive decline and/or wasting in men at risk for AD.

TL;DR: Interestingly, concentrations of plasma adiponectin in long-term CR rats were associated with increased expression of the transcription factor mRNAs for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)alpha, gamma and delta, but decreased expression for SREBP-1c, resulting in a concerted modulation in the expression of key transcription target genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and energy combustion in liver.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the decrease in PON1 activity may be related to the development of oxidative stress conditions with aging and the increased HDL susceptibility to oxidation in elderly subjects.

TL;DR: Investigation in Drosophila melanogaster found that individual variation in lifespan in wild-type flies, and life extension by dietary-restriction and reduced insulin/IGF-1 signalling is not attributable to differences in metabolic rate.

TL;DR: The mammalian INK4a/ARF locus encodes two linked tumor suppressor proteins, p16INK4a and ARF, which respectively regulate the retinoblastoma (RB) and p53 pathways as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The results suggest that CR induces a higher capacity to oxidize NAD(P)H in the PM of old rat livers and as a result, a higher resistance to oxidative stress-induced damage.

TL;DR: Preliminary findings carry implication for XH1 being a BBB-permeable lead compound for AD therapeutics targeting Alzheimer's amyloidogenesis, although further studies are needed.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the effectiveness of antioxidants in attenuating age-dependent cognitive decline is dependent on behavioral and environmental experience.

TL;DR: It is suggested that fibroblasts show the deregulation of various cellular processes, such as inflammatory response, mitosis, cell adhesion, transport, signal transduction, and metabolism during replicative senescence.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of exogenous ceramide on senescence in fibroblasts and endothelial cells were investigated. And they showed that senescent cells are more resistant to apoptosis induction when compared to their young counterparts.

TL;DR: It is suggested that CMV, but not EBV, can sustain chronic activation of the HLA-class I restricted effector arm in elderly that might have detrimental effects on age-associated diseases.

TL;DR: It is concluded that a malfunctioning innate immune response predicts frailty in old age and is under specific (immuno-) genetic control.

TL;DR: The results suggest that GT-catechin intake partially improves the morphologic and functional alterations that occur naturally in the brains of aged SAMP10 mice.

TL;DR: A novel, plasma membrane-associated, putative ER that is neither ER-α nor ER-β, which is designated ‘ER-X’ and appears to mediate 17α- and 17β-estradiol activation of the MAPK cascade, while ER- α, in contrast, is inhibitory to its activation.

TL;DR: One INSR haplotype, which was comprised of 2 SNPs in linkage disequilibrium, was more frequent in semisupercentenarians than in younger controls, and the possible association of each gene locus and longevity by haplotype-based association analyses was investigated.

TL;DR: Interestingly, CD8 T cells with markers of replicative senescence are correlated with increased osteoporotic fractures in the elderly, suggesting that these cells may exert pleiotropic negative effects on both immune and non-immune organ systems during ageing.

TL;DR: Investigation of the response of hepatocytes derived from young and aged rats to two agents, thapsigargin (TG) and tunicamycin (TM), which act via different mechanisms to induce ER stress finds greater cell death than young cells following treatment with TG or TM.

TL;DR: GH treatment up regulates the level of IGF-I gene expression in older people and when combined with resistance exercise more is spliced towards MGF and hence should improve the ability of muscle to respond to physical activity.

TL;DR: Results indicate either that reduced reproduction is not necessary for lifespan extension by DR in Drosophila females, or that the relevant aspects of reproduction act upstream of the authors' interventions and were therefore not blocked in their experiments.