Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 2018"

TL;DR: The interpretation of the common fermentation end products, microbial populations, organoleptic properties, and changes in nutritive aspects of silage during storage of silages are discussed with emphasis on a North American perspective.

TL;DR: Research indicates that these products are improving aerobic stability, but feeding studies are not yet sufficient to make conclusions about effects on animal performance, so future silage additives are expected to directly inhibit clostridia and other detrimental microorganisms, mitigate high mycotoxin levels on harvested forages during ensiling.

TL;DR: This review discusses the factors affecting DM and quality losses in terms of field and pre-ensiling conditions, respiration and temperature at ensiling, fermentation patterns, methods of covering and weighting the silage cover, and management of aerobic deterioration.

TL;DR: This review evaluating the status of the dairy sheep and goat sectors in the world, with special focus on the commercially and technically developed industries in France, Greece, Italy, and Spain (FGIS) observed that most Greek and French dairy sheep farms were unprofitable, with the exception of the intensive Chios farms of Greece.

TL;DR: A comprehensive understanding of the dietary, animal, and management factors that affect eating and ruminating behavior in dairy cows is provided and an overview of the physiological importance of chewing is presented with emphasis on recent developments and practical implications for feeding and managing the modern housed dairy cow.

TL;DR: One focus of this review is the effect macrominerals have on the acid-base status of the animal, and the attributes of organic or chelated minerals that might permit diet minerals to circumvent factors that inhibit absorption of more traditional inorganic forms of these minerals are discussed.

TL;DR: It is proposed that breeding organizations and breeding companies should take an active role in ethical discussions about the use of these techniques and thereby signal to society that these questions are being responsibly addressed.

TL;DR: In summary, morbidity and mortality were both associated with birth weight and serum IgG concentration, and mortality was associated with amount of fat per day in the liquid diet and morbidity.

TL;DR: Current understanding of the microbiota within various niches of the udder is summarized and the need to view the microbiota of the teat apex, teat canal, and mammary secretions as interconnected nichels of a highly dynamic microbial ecosystem is highlighted.

TL;DR: An overview of the types, prevalence, and levels of mycotoxin contamination in ensiled forages in different countries is given, and their adverse effects on health of ruminants, and effective prevention and mitigation strategies for dairy cow diets are described.

TL;DR: This review provides an overview of the main bioactive components present or released during the ripening process of different types of cheese.

TL;DR: Dairy farmers in 2067 will meet the world's needs for essential nutrients by adopting technologies and practices that provide improved cow health and longevity, profitable dairy farms, and sustainable agriculture.

TL;DR: Investigation of pathogen-specific impacts of mastitis on milk production of dairy cows in Finland found minor pathogens should not be underestimated as a cause of milk yield reduction.

TL;DR: Results from this study have demonstrated that the profitability of pasture-based dairy systems is significantly associated with the proportion of pasture used at the farm level, being cognizant of the levels of purchased feed.

TL;DR: Challenges and obstacles to producing silages under hot and cold conditions are identified and strategies for addressing these challenges are discussed.

TL;DR: As the number of traits grows, custom selection indices can more closely match genotypes to the environments in which they will perform, and most indices include yield, fertility, health, and type traits.

TL;DR: Chemical and microbiological hazards are associated with poorly fermented silages, which can be avoided by using proper silage-making practices and creating conditions that promote a rapid and sufficient reduction of the silage pH and prevent aerobic deterioration.

TL;DR: Qualitative descriptive analysis and temporal dominance of sensations used together provided interesting insights for establishing the sensory profile of reduced-sodium probiotic prato cheese.

TL;DR: The results showed that farmers with more than 500 cows adopted between 2 and 5 times more specific precision technologies, such as automatic cup removers, automatic milk plant wash systems, electronic cow identification systems and herd management software, when compared with smaller farms.

TL;DR: Genetic correlations betweenclinical mastitis and other economically important traits indicated that selection for mastitis resistance would also improve resistance against other diseases and enhance both fertility and longevity, however, milk yield remains negatively correlated with clinical mastitis, emphasizing the importance of including health traits in the breeding objectives.

TL;DR: Results from this review indicate that optimization of harvest maturity, kernel processing, theoretical length of cut, and cutting height improve or maintain the nutritive value and milk production of lactating dairy cows.

TL;DR: Analysis of a large data set of individual dairy cattle data showed that simplified enteric CH4 prediction models based on DMI alone or DMI and limited feed- or animal-related inputs can predict average CH4 emission with a similar accuracy to more complex empirical models.

TL;DR: High blood concentrations of fatty acids or BHB can impair the intrahepatic GH-mediated JAK2-STAT5 pathway and downregulate IGF-I expression and secretion in ketotic cows.

TL;DR: Silage additives and inoculants can improve the safety of silage as well as the fermentation, nutrient recovery, quality, and shelf life.

TL;DR: This review provides practical recommendations on how to evaluate the physical effectiveness of the diet based on differences in particle size distribution, fiber content, and the type of concentrate fed, both when the latter is part of total mixed ration and when it is supplemented in partial mixed rations.

TL;DR: It is suggested that dairy cow body weight prediction can be improved by incorporating more predictive morphological traits and by improving the prediction model structure.

TL;DR: The camel milk protein hydrolysates demonstrated effective antioxidant potential in vitro as well as in real food systems and showed enhanced functional properties, which guarantees their potential applications in functional foods.

TL;DR: The role of sugar, alternative sweeteners, and sugar reduction in ice cream, yogurt, and flavored milk is addressed.

TL;DR: Evidence is conflicting from dietary intervention trials, with both rats and humans, that whey products can boost cellular antioxidant biomarkers and 1 enzyme, subtilisin, which consistently produces the most potent whey fractions is identified.

TL;DR: This study aimed to investigate in vitro anticancer activity by antiproliferative activity, antihypertensive activity by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition, antidiabetic activity by α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitions, and antioxidant activities of camel milk fermented with camel milk probiotic compared with fermented bovine milk.