Showing papers in "Journal of Orthopaedic Research in 1988"

TL;DR: It is suggested that compression‐induced changes in local, interstitial pH may account for the observed chondrocyte biosynthetic response to static compression.

TL;DR: It is suggested that relatively low activity levels may not stimulate optimal bone remodeling throughout life and thus may contribute to higher risk of fracture in old age.

TL;DR: The results suggest that intermittent hydrosatic (dilatational) stresses may play an important role in influencing revascularization and tissue differentiation and determining the morphological patterns of initial fracture healing.

TL;DR: An investigation of potential ligament attachment sites for surgical reconstruction of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments as well as for the lateral extraarticular iliotibial band tenodesis.

TL;DR: The energy expenditure of level walking was measured in 260 normal male and female subjects walking around a 60.5m‐circular outdoor track and normative tables for the rate of oxygen uptake throughout the range of customary walking velocities were derived.

TL;DR: It is considered that moderate running exercise locally alters the biological properties of young articular cartilage at regions bearing the highest loading surplus.

TL;DR: The results show that different patterns exist for maintaining equilibrium in single‐limb stance and that a change from an inverted pendulum model to a multisegmental chain model takes place when adjustments at the ankle joint no longer suffice to maintain postural control.

TL;DR: Clinical evidence suggests that the transverse ligament is strong enough to withstand physiologic loads, and the alar ligament, due to its lower strength and its axial direction of loading, might be prone to injury and therefore require stabilization of the appropriate vertebra more often than normally is assumed.

TL;DR: Findings are consistent with the hypothesis that tissue stress histories constitute an important influence during skeletal morphogenesis and further study and testing of the concepts introduced are appropriate.

TL;DR: The present laboratory results suggest that nominally factor‐of‐two peak local pressure elevations, provided that they occur over only small portions of the cartilage surface, are probably within the long‐term overall tolerance range of an articular joint.

TL;DR: To examine the loads imposed on the structures of the head by the performance of physical tasks, a biomechanical model of the neck was constructed and neck muscle strengths were approximately one order of magnitude lower than previously measured lumbar trunk strengths.

TL;DR: Application of dynamic EMG techniques to the study of reconstructive procedures should provide additional information that will assist the clinician in the rational choice of a surgical procedure.

TL;DR: Two‐dimensional finite element analyses of the photoelastic model used by Gebhardt and Pauwels support the theory proposed by Carter and associates that intermittently applied shear stresses promote endochondral ossification and that intermittent applied hydrostatic compression inhibits or prevents cartilage degeneration and Ossification.

TL;DR: The results suggest that in experimental diabetes certain aspects of bone mineralization are adversely affected and lead to reduced strength‐related properties, however, a compensatory increase in stiffness occurs.

TL;DR: The location of the transverse axis of elbow flexion‐extension is suggested in relation to well‐defined landmarks, the medial and lateral epicondyles, and subsequently to the line connecting their most lateral points—the transepicondylar line.

TL;DR: Although cryopreservation and short‐term storage did not appear to affect the morphological appearance or biomechanical character of the menisci, biosynthetic activity, as determined by Na2S35SO4 incorporation, was diminished to <50% of normal control values immediately following cryop Reservation and thawing.

TL;DR: It is concluded that muscle fiber swelling is a predominant feature following eccentric exercise and is directly associated with delayed muscle soreness.

TL;DR: It is concluded that this experimental biodegradable bone cement (PPF‐MMA) can be used as a carrier to achieve high sustained local levels and low serum levels of antibiotics.

TL;DR: The extraction of intact chondrons from cartilage homogenates confirms the structural validity of chondron concept and emphasizes the intrinsic mechanical strength of the capsule.

TL;DR: Surface tendon cells separated by sequential enzymatic and physical release from their substrata had all the following characteristics: distinct subpopulations of cells based on morphology; presence of cytoplasmic, lipid‐containing vesicles; decreased sensitivity to trypsin; and reduced generation time as compared with that of internal fibroblasts.

TL;DR: Patellofemoral contact areas and pressures were measured using pressure sensitive film in ten human cadaver knees exhibiting degenerative lesions of patellar cartilage and capsular reconstructive procedures did not result in consistent pressure reductions or in the creation of more uniform pressure distribution.

TL;DR: The effect of multiple-level total laminectomies followed by stabilization on the load-deformation behavior of the cervical spine is described in this paper, where a set of three infrared light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were attached rigidly to each of five vertebrae (C3-7) to record their spatial locations after each load step application, using a Selspot II system.

TL;DR: The study of rabbit tibial osteotomies fixed by plates with four different degrees of stiffness indicates that the stress‐protecting effect of very stiff plates begins early in the healing period and is pronounced even at 6 weeks and that a steel plate of lower stiffness is more appropriate for bone healing.

TL;DR: Mechanical properties of fascia lata autografts used to replace the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in the goat suggest that the remodeling tissue weakened rapidly after surgery.

TL;DR: Donor side morbidity does not appear to be caused by surgical soft‐tissue trauma exclusively, and these patients need to be studied for several more years to determine the long‐term functional effects of free vascularized fibular graft transfer.

TL;DR: The reanalysed data show that yield strain is strongly strain‐rate dependent, but that Young's modulus is rather unvarying over physiological strain rates, and the implication for hypotheses concerning fracture of bone are discussed.

TL;DR: The Hulth instability model showed that surgical intervention without surgically induced instability is followed by changes in the synovial membrane and cartilage, suggesting that the inflammatory response has an important role in the onset of cartilage damage in this model.

TL;DR: The results indicate that fatigue and shoulder pain related to elevated arm positions may be caused by muscle ischemia induced by the high intramuscular pressure present in these positions.

TL;DR: The results were used to calculate the osmotic responses of chondrocytes at low temperatures and to predict that the least damaging cooling rate for isolated chondracytes in the absence of cryoprotective compounds is 10°C/min.