Showing papers in "Marine Environmental Research in 2020"

TL;DR: It is found that both size and exposure time increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzyme activities were changed significantly, providing important insights into the molecular mechanisms of microplastic-induced toxicity in a marine organism.

TL;DR: It was found that adsorption of Cu2+ on microplastic and aggregation between copper nanoparticles andmicroplastic are the main reasons for attenuation of toxicity of nano-Cu with adding microplastics.

TL;DR: It is suggested that microplastics can cause a reduction of fitness in A. calycularis, and presumably also in other species characterized by suspension feeding strategy, as well as in a large number of marine species.

TL;DR: The accumulated ecotoxicological knowledge of offshore PW discharges is summarized and some key remaining knowledge needs are highlighted.

TL;DR: This study is the first report on PVC biodegradation by marine anaerobic microbes and provides insights on potential biodegrades of the plastic film introduced into the sea by native microbes.

TL;DR: Assessment of plastic ingestion by the small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) indicated that ingestion of plastic is widespread, with microplastics abundantly present in nearly all samples and macroplasticplastic in approximately 18% of the specimens collected.

TL;DR: Overall results indicate a significant small scale variability of nearshore coastal marine plastic in the Balearic Islands, and August showed almost two-fold as much plastic as the other months.

TL;DR: The results indicate that exposure to nanoplastics can impact on the microbiome of marine bivalves, and suggest that downregulation of immune defences induced by PS-NH2 may favour potentially pathogenic bacteria.

TL;DR: The results of this study confirm the need of combining chemical and biological data, the quantitative characterization of various typologies of hazard and the importance of assessing an integrated environmental WOE risk, to orientate specific and scientifically-supported management options in industrialized areas.

TL;DR: The composition and abundance of megafauna, litter, and litter-fouling communities in the soft bottoms of the NIPS of Bagnoli-Coroglio are assessed with trawl net to test the effect of stressors on local biota.

TL;DR: The need for future studies able to address the joint impact of environmental and anthropogenic factors on the long-term dynamics and virulence of V. harveyi populations at the global scale is highlighted.

TL;DR: A comprehensive assessment using the standardized methodology for putting a mitigation plan for microplastics as a potential threat detected in environmental sinks is called for in the Arabian (Persian) Gulf region.

TL;DR: The feeding behavior and life cycle of tube-dwelling polychaetes could have an important influence on the transport, distribution and food-chain dynamics of microplastics on the seafloor.

TL;DR: When continuously exposed to dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) concentrations exceeding a calculated threshold of 8 μM DIN seagrass meadows will disappear, chronic nutrient pollution from aquaculture effluents can lead to a reduction of biodiversity and ultimately to a complete loss of seagRasses along the Aquaculture-dominated coasts in E and SE Asia.

TL;DR: Monitoring of P. nobilis population from Thermaikos Gulf, an estuary of extremely high importance for bivalve production, revealed the presence of both pathogens in a few specimens in higher quantity but with no symptoms of the disease.

TL;DR: The main drivers for rhodolith occurrence were light availability and temperature at the bottom of the ocean, while abundance was explained by nitrate, temperature and current velocity, while Tropical regions showed the highest abundance.

TL;DR: The usefulness of mussels with regard to dumped munitions has clearly been documented in recent years and the further application of this important biomonitoring system is strongly recommended.

TL;DR: The cockle has the potential to become an important focus of conservation and improved sustainable management practices in coastal areas and communities, and a suitable model species to study the integration of cultural ecosystem services within the broader application of 'ecosystem services'.

TL;DR: It is indicated that even decades after the cessation of contaminant emissions, benthic biodiversity was affected in terms of both meiofaunal taxa and nematode species and the call for reducing sources of chronic pollution in marine ecosystems is strongly reinforced.

TL;DR: It is suggested that chemical contaminants, even after decades from the end of their release, can profoundly influence the richness and turnover diversity of the benthic prokaryotic assemblages, in turn promoting a high diversification of thebenthic bacterial and archaeal assemblage by selecting those lineages more adapted to specific mixtures of different contaminants.

TL;DR: The outcomes of this study show that a multiproxy procedure needs to be adopted for properly characterizing intertidal ecosystems, where human impacts and natural stresses overlap and are hard to disentangle.

TL;DR: The results highlight that anchovy mainly rely on income energy to reproduce, while sardine accumulate the energy during the resting period to be used in the reproduction period, and variability in the lipid content and ED between seasons was lower in anchovy than in sardines.

TL;DR: Results indicate that DNA metabarcoding is an efficient tool for biodiversity assessments in ecosystems with high spatial and temporal variability, where high sampling effort is required as well as fast alert systems for non-native species (NIS).

TL;DR: Polycyclic musk compounds identified in environmental matrices and in biological tissues in the last decade show that they might induce oxidative stress and genotoxicity in marine organisms.

TL;DR: It was found that CWA-related phenylarsenic chemicals (Clark I, Clark II and Adamsite) and sulfur mustard are released to the sediments and undergo environmental degradation to chemicals, of which some remain toxic.

TL;DR: Evidence for magneto- and electro-sensitivity in marine invertebrates is compiled and what is currently known about their interactions with artificial sources of magnetic and electric fields is highlighted.

TL;DR: The results suggest the potential harmfulness of cigarette butts leachate related to pH reduction and release of toxic substances, in particular nicotine, which leads to physiology alteration and in many cases cellular death.

TL;DR: This study provided the first unambiguous evidence of the widespread occurrence of pharmaceuticals in marine mussels from Italian coasts, giving novel insights on the potential ecotoxicological hazard from such compounds in marine species.

TL;DR: The results highlight the importance of climate change impacts on future invasions and the need for accurate modelling of invasion risks, which can be used as guides to develop management strategies.

TL;DR: The dominance of earlier larval stages demonstrates a preference for more protected and less turbulent seascape for nursery and offspring rearing, and highlights that mapping of these seascapes will help to establish conservation measures to protect ecological connectivity and important tropical species.