Showing papers in "Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution in 2011"

TL;DR: This study provides further evidence that the supermatrix approach provides an effective strategy for inferring large-scale phylogenies using the combined results of previous studies, despite many taxa having extensive missing data.

TL;DR: This current literature that challenges the oft-stated view of the SJFR as a glacial sanctuary for temperate plants, instead revealing profound effects of Quaternary changes in climate, topography, and/or sea level on the current genetic structure of such organisms is reviewed.

TL;DR: This study provides the most comprehensive phylogeny of Colubroidea to date, and suggests that SHL values may provide a useful complement to bootstrapping for estimating support on likelihood-based trees.

TL;DR: The goal is to provide the reader with an introduction to the variety of available tools and their potential application to typical questions in phylogeography with the hope that integrative methods will be more broadly and commonly applied to other biological systems and data sets.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic results suggest a non-traditional biogeographic scenario in which pleurodonts originated in the Northern Hemisphere and subsequently spread southward into South America.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic results suggest that the evolutionary success of Coccinellidae is in large part attributable to the exploitation of ant-tended sternorrhynchan insects as a food source, enabled by the key innovation of unusual defense mechanisms in larvae.

TL;DR: The results support earlier hypotheses, primarily based on morphology, for a basal grade of phytophagous families giving rise to a single clade of parasitic Hymenoptera, the Vespina, from which predatory, pollen-feeding, gall-forming and eusocial forms evolved.

TL;DR: The results offer the most detailed species-level phylogeny of sharks to date and a tool for comparative analyses and suggest that the genus Echinorhinus is not a squaliform, but rather related to the saw sharks, a hypothesis that might be supported by both groups sharing 'spiny' snouts.

TL;DR: The interordinal relationships within Holometabola are well resolved and strongly supported that the order Hymenoptera is the sister lineage to all other holometabolous insects.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic relationships among higher clades of pulmonate gastropods are reconstructed based on a data set including one nuclear marker and two mitochondrial markers for a total of 96 species, with a special emphasis on sampling the Ellobiidae, Onchidiidae, and Veronicellidae.

TL;DR: The test for the effect of optimization schemes on the resolution and relationships within the Lepidoptera have demonstrated that the majority of analyses did not substantially alter the relevant topology and node support, possibly as the result of relatively strong signal in mitogenomes for intraordinal relationships in Lepidptera.

TL;DR: The power of matK for fern phylogenetic reconstruction is demonstrated as well as primers that successfully amplify matK across all fern families and extensive sequence data that will greatly facilitate future evolutionary studies of ferns are provided.

TL;DR: New markers from nuclear protein-coding genes for RNA polymerase II second largest subunit, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (pepck) and DNA polymerase delta (pold) are established and Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses of the concatenated gene sequences allowed us to reconstruct phylogenetic trees for taeniid parasites.

TL;DR: An important role for mountain glaciers in driving (incipient) allopatric speciation across the MSD in the HHM region by causing vicariant lineage divergence and acting as barriers to post-divergence gene flow is indicated.

TL;DR: A Precambrian origin of arthropods and other metazoan phyla is still supported and the applicability of large datasets of random nuclear sequences for approximating the timing of multicellular animal evolution is demonstrated.

TL;DR: The potential of genome-wide genotyping with DArT markers to differentiate species, to identify interspecific hybrids and to resolve biogeographic disjunctions within species is demonstrated.

TL;DR: Character state reconstruction indicates that two morphological traits claimed to characterize groups in the Tremellomycetes are highly homoplastic, and basidium septation is likely to have evolved under a graduational model in the clade comprising the Holtermanniales, Filobasidiales and Tremellales.

TL;DR: The findings not only support ancient historical maritime and terrestrial contacts between Asia and East Africa, but also indicate the presence of large maternal genetic diversity in the region which could potentially support genetic improvement programmes.

TL;DR: It is inferred that crown lineages for extant squirrel monkeys diverged around 1.5 million years ago in the Pleistocene Epoch, with other major clades diverging between 0.9 and 1.1 MYA.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic relationships of New Zealand diplodactylid geckos to their Australian and New Caledonian relatives and to one another are assessed using a multi-gene approach to support recognition of 16 new species, and five new or resurrected genera.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic analyses revealed the presence of cryptic diversity in several taxa, shedding light on the need for further studies to better circumscribe species frontiers within the diverse order Corallinales, especially in the genera Mesophyllum and Neogoniolithon.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic results were quite dependent on morphological data and it is concluded that more genetic loci must be sampled to improve phylogenetic resolution, however, some results such as the derived position of Scolytinae were consistent between morphological and molecular data.

TL;DR: It is provided that xylotrophy has arisen just once in Bivalvia in a single wood-feeding bivalve lineage that subsequently diversified into distinct shallow- and deep-water branches, both of which have been broadly successful in colonizing the world's oceans.

TL;DR: A time-calibrated phylogenetic framework for answering evolutionary questions about treeshrews and about evolutionary patterns and processes in Euarchonta is provided and a proposed subsuming of the monotypic genus Urogale into Tupaia is proposed, thereby reducing the number of extant treShrew genera from five to four.

TL;DR: This study establishes a multi-gene molecular phylogeny of the calanoid copepods based upon small (18S) and large (28S) subunits of nuclear ribosomal RNA genes and mitochondrial encoded cy tochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit-I genes, including 29 families from 7 superfamilies of the order.

TL;DR: In this study, GSTs are assigned to a subclass by a combination of literature, phylogenetic, and genomic evidence, and it is confirmed that GSTs frequently cluster by genomic position as a result of recent gene expansions.

TL;DR: The evolution of characters traditionally regarded as taxonomically important are assessed by reconstructing a phylogenetic hypothesis based on sequence data from four nuclear ribosomal markers as well as fragments from two protein-coding nuclear loci, suggesting that major diagnostic characters have evolved in a homoplasious manner.

TL;DR: Based on the topologies presented, the evolution of swim bladder specializations, a distinctive feature among cyprinids, has occurred more than once within the subfamily Gobioninae.

TL;DR: It is argued that the ancestor of Neurospora was likely heterothallic and that homothallism has evolved independently at least six times in the evolutionary history of the genus, and likelihood ratio tests of substitution rates indicate that reproductive mode is an important factor driving genome evolution in neurospora.

TL;DR: The modern disjunctive distribution of T. franchetii, and associated patterns of cpDNA haplotype variation, result from vicariance caused by several historical river separation and capture events, and inferred timings agree with previous time estimates of drainage re-arrangements in the Sino-Himalayan region.