Showing papers in "Natural Product Reports in 2014"

TL;DR: The next few years will be critical for NP-driven lead discovery, and a concerted effort is required to identify new biologically active pharmacophores and to progress these and existing compounds through pre-clinical drug development into clinical trials.

TL;DR: Classifying bioactive compounds derived from natural products that are Nrf2/ARE pathway activators and recapitulate the molecular mechanisms for inducing NRF2 to provide favorable effects in experimental models of chronic diseases improve the treatment efficacy.

TL;DR: In this review, all current knowledge on this class of enzymes that post-translationally install a 4'-phosphopantetheine arm on various carrier proteins are discussed.

TL;DR: Genome mining combined with heterologous biosynthetic pathway refactoring has the potential to facilitate discovery and production of pharmaceutically relevant fungal terpenoids.

TL;DR: This Highlight provides an overview of fungal siderophore metabolism and its role in physiology, cellular differentiation, interaction with other organisms, as well as potential clinical applications.

TL;DR: It is concluded that fungi continue to be a rich source of new metabolites and new developments in the uses or the biological activity of known compounds or new derivatives are discussed.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the diversity, abundance and methodological approaches targeting marine sponge-associated actinomycetes, and novel qPCR data on actInomycete abundances in different sponge species and other environmental sources are presented.

TL;DR: This review aims to illustrate issues on the pathway from lead to product, and how they have been successfully addressed by modern natural product chemistry, focused on natural products of current relevance that are, or are intended to be, used as pharmaceuticals.

TL;DR: The role of the MEP pathway in photosynthetic leaves during isoprene emission and more generally the metabolic regulation of the UKIP pathway in both plants and bacteria are focused on.

TL;DR: A new chemoenzymatic method has emerged as an effective alternative approach that uses recombinant heparan sulfate biosynthetic enzymes combined with unnatural uridine diphosphate-monosaccharide donors to develop improved heparin-based therapeutics.

TL;DR: Most strikingly, 75% of the compounds were reported to possess bioactivity, with almost half exhibiting low micromolar cytotoxicity towards a range of human cancer cell lines, along with a significant increase in the number of microbial deep-sea natural products reported.

TL;DR: This review provides an introduction to the different MSI techniques and their applications in plant science, and the most common methods for sample preparation are described.

TL;DR: This review covers the recent marine chemical ecology literature for benthic bacteria and cyanobacteria, macroalgae, sponges, cnidarians, molluscs, otherbenthic invertebrates, and fish.

TL;DR: This review surveys the known bioactive β-amino acid-containing natural products including nonribosomal peptides, macrolactam polyketides, and nucleoside-β-AMino acid hybrids and the mechanisms of β-Amino acid incorporation into natural products.

TL;DR: This Highlight describes factors that contribute to an ideal synthesis, including economies, time, atom, solvent, energy, and orientations and the role of synthesis-informed design directed at function in advancing synthesis and its impact on science.

TL;DR: The use of natural products as starting points for the generation of complex compounds is reviewed, discussing both early ad hoc efforts and a more recent systematization of this approach.

TL;DR: This Highlight features emerging mass spectrometric methods and tools used by the natural product community and gives a perspective of future directions where themass spectrometry field is migrating towards over the next decade.

TL;DR: This work will review natural benzophenones and provide an in-depth discussion of their structural diversity and biological activity, and select examples mostly from the last 15 years, but extending the scope to other historically important benzophenone discovered prior to that time.

TL;DR: This review covers articles dealing with silybin chemistry and also summarizes all the derivatives prepared, which have resulted in a number of semisynthetic derivatives prepared in an effort to modulate and better target the biological activities of sily bin or to improve its physical properties, such as its solubility.

TL;DR: The different strategies used to incorporate and derivatize the indole/indoline moieties in various families of fungal indole alkaloids will be discussed, including tryptophan-containing nonribosomal peptides, polyketide-nonribosome peptide hybrids, and alkaloid derived from other indole building blocks.

TL;DR: Current applications and limitations of the modern mass spectrometry techniques, especially in combination with electrospray ionisation (ESI), an ionisation method which is most commonly applied in metabolomics studies are focused on.

TL;DR: The present review discusses the reported sources, structures and biochemical studies aimed at the elucidation of the anticancer potential of a large number of fungi-derived natural products with promising anticancer activity.

TL;DR: Direct alcohol C-H bond functionalization via"C-C bond forming transfer hydrogenation" provides a powerful, new means of constructing type I polyketides that bypasses stoichiometric use of chiral auxiliaries, premetallated C-nucleophiles, and discrete alcohol-to-aldehyde redox reactions.

TL;DR: This highlight discusses thesecondary metabolite potential of the insect pathogens Metarhizium and Beauveria, including a bioinformatics analysis of secondary metabolite genes for which no products are yet identified.

TL;DR: Recent examples of natural product synthesis from the laboratory and others are discussed, where the preparation of gram-scale quantities of a target compound or a key intermediate allowed for a deeper understanding of biological activities or enabled further investigational collaborations.

TL;DR: Recent studies are highlighted in which metabolomics-driven analysis played a crucial role for the discovery of novel secondary metabolites from microbial sources and how the implementation of metabolomics techniques facilitates the structural characterization of novel metabolites and contributes to the in-depth investigation of underlying biosynthetic pathways.

TL;DR: This review has been organized from the perspective of synthetic target families, with particular emphasis on the use of gold-catalyzed transformations during the late stages of syntheses involving complicated substrates, and cascade reactions that significantly increase molecular complexity.

TL;DR: This paper describes a fifteen year journey from concept to clinical discovery and development of the first in class caspofungin acetate (CANCIDAS®) a parenteral antifungal agent.

TL;DR: Recent progress in the chemistry and biology of these diverse microtubule stabilizers focusing on the wide range of organisms that produce these compounds, their mechanisms of inhibiting microtubules-dependent processes, mechanisms of drug resistance, and their interactions with tubulin including their distinct binding sites and modes are covered.

TL;DR: In vivo and in vitro toxicity and mutagenicity of these three classes of compounds are discussed and the review gives an update of aristolochic acids, aristolactams and 4,5-dioxoaporphines reported between 2003 and 2013 and their biological activities.