Showing papers in "NeuroImage in 2012"

TL;DR: The results suggest the need for greater care in dealing with subject motion, and the need to critically revisit previous rs-fcMRI work that may not have adequately controlled for effects of transient subject movements.

TL;DR: NODDI provides sensible neurite density and orientation dispersion estimates, thereby disentangling two key contributing factors to FA and enabling the analysis of each factor individually, and demonstrates the feasibility of NODDI even for the most time-sensitive clinical applications, such as neonatal and dementia imaging.

TL;DR: Head motion was associated with decreased functional coupling in the default and frontoparietal control networks--two networks characterized by coupling among distributed regions of association cortex and other network measures increased with motion including estimates of local functional coupling and coupling between left and right motor regions.

TL;DR: The Human Connectome Project (HCP) as discussed by the authors is a 5-year effort to characterize brain connectivity and function and their variability in healthy adults using diffusion imaging (dMRI), resting-state fMRI, task-evoked fMRI (T-fMRI), T1-and T2-weighted MRI for structural and myelin mapping, plus combined magnetoencephalography (MEG/EEG).

TL;DR: This paper introduces a novel longitudinal image processing framework, based on unbiased, robust, within-subject template creation, for automatic surface reconstruction and segmentation of brain MRI of arbitrarily many time points and successfully reduces variability and avoids over-regularization.

TL;DR: An anatomical model is presented that indicates the location of the language areas and the most consistent functions that have been assigned to them and the implications for cognitive models of language processing are considered.

TL;DR: A brief historical overview of the events that have shaped the present status of fNIRS is presented, including the introduction of the commercial multi-channel systems, recent commercial wireless instrumentation and more advanced prototypes.

TL;DR: The generalized form of context-dependent PPI approach has increased flexibility of statistical modeling, and potentially improves model fit, specificity to true negative findings, and sensitivity to true positive findings.

TL;DR: The previous permutation algorithm is replaced with a faster and more rigorous analytical solution for the null-distribution and comprehensively address the issue of multiple-comparison corrections.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the pervasive influence of motion on multiple types functional connectivity analysis, and underline the importance of accounting for motion in studies of neurodevelopment.

TL;DR: Clear age-related microstructural changes throughout the brain white matter are demonstrated, and normative data is provided that will be useful for studying white matter development in a variety of diseases and abnormal conditions.

TL;DR: The developed and evaluated an algorithm for automated lesion detection requiring a three-dimensional (3D) gradient echo (GRE) T1-weighted and a FLAIR image at 3 Tesla and it is believed that this tool allows fast and reliable segmentation of FLAIR-hyperintense lesions, which might simplify the quantification of lesions in basic research and even clinical trials.

TL;DR: The results suggest that anticor Relations observed in resting-state connectivity are not an artifact introduced by global signal regression and might have biological origins, and that the CompCor method can be used to examine valid anticorrelations during rest.

TL;DR: Results indicate that some of the known false positives associated with tractography algorithms are prevented, such that the biological accuracy of the reconstructions should be improved, provided that state-of-the-art streamlines tractography methods are used.

TL;DR: The cerebellar functional topography identified in this study reflects the involvement of different cerebro-cerebellar circuits depending on the demands of the task being performed: overt movement activated sensorimotor cortices along with contralateral Cerebellar lobules IV-V and VIII, whereas more cognitively demanding tasks engaged prefrontal and parietal corticesAlong with cerebellars VI and VII.

TL;DR: Meta-analyses are a powerful tool to integrate the data of functional imaging studies on a (broader) psychological construct, probing the consistency across various paradigms as well as the differential effects of different experimental implementations.

TL;DR: The published findings suggest that schizophrenia is associated with a widespread and possibly context-independent functional connectivity deficit, upon which are superimposed more circumscribed, context-dependent alterations associated with transient states of hyper- and/or hypo-connectivity.

TL;DR: In this article, a strong linear correlation between chemically determined iron concentration and bulk magnetic susceptibility was found in gray matter structures (r = 0.84, p < 0.001), whereas the correlation coefficient was much lower in white matter.

TL;DR: The present work compares 8 different models for estimating trial-by-trial activation patterns for a range of rapid event-related designs varying by interstimulus interval and signal-to-noise ratio and finds that the most effective approach obtains each trial's estimate through a general linear model including a regressor for that trial as well as another regression for all other trials.

TL;DR: This paper proposes a general methodology, namely multi-modal multi-task (M3T) learning, to jointly predict multiple variables from multi- modal data, which can achieve better performance on both regression and classification tasks than the conventional learning methods.

TL;DR: Specialized templates that allow normalization algorithms to be applied to stroke-aged populations are introduced and a MRI template is derived that approximately matches the shape of the CT template.

TL;DR: It is shown that many cognitive and clinical EEG studies use the EEG still in its traditional way and analyze grapho-elements at certain electrodes and latencies, which is not only dangerous because it leads to misinterpretations, but it is also largely ignoring the spatial aspects of the signals.

TL;DR: Results indicate that fN IR measures are sensitive to mental task load and practice level, and provide evidence of the fNIR deployment in the field for its ability to monitor hemodynamic changes that are associated with relative cognitive workload changes of operators.

TL;DR: The results show that simultaneous measurements of NIRS and EEG can significantly improve the classification accuracy of motor imagery in over 90% of considered subjects and increases performance by 5% on average (p<0:01).

TL;DR: Using non BOLD-like component time courses as noise regressors dramatically improved seed-based correlation mapping by reducing the effects of high and low frequency non-BOLD fluctuations.

TL;DR: A basic model of naturalistic cognitive fluctuations between mind wandering and attentional states derived from the practice of focused attention meditation is presented and theories about cognitive correlates of distributed brain networks are extended.

TL;DR: This article presents and evaluates a novel method to modulate the FOD to account for changes in fibre bundle cross-sectional area that occur during spatial normalisation, and describes a novel approach for statistical analysis of AFD that uses cluster-based inference of differences extended throughout space and orientation.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates the use of NIRS-based hyperscanning in studies of social interaction in a naturalistic environment and finds that the coherence between signals generated by participants' right superior frontal cortices increased during cooperation, but not during competition.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of MRI and fMRI studies on structural changes in the developing brain is presented, and the effects of genes, environment and culture on the adolescent brain are discussed.

TL;DR: It is shown that the lateral/medial volumes of dorsal anterior and dorsal posterior precuneus are each connected with areas of motor execution/attention and motor/visual imagery, respectively, which may provide a useful platform upon which to further investigate sex-specific functional neuroanatomy of the precuneu.