Showing papers in "Parasitology Today in 1998"

TL;DR: By L.S. Garcia and D.A. Bruckner, ASM Press, 1997.

TL;DR: The peak shift is consistent with the predictions of mathematical models that assume gradually acquired protective immunity, and this interpretation is supported by experimental studies using animals, and agreement between theory, experimental evidence and field studies strongly suggests that acquired immunity has a major impact on epidemiological patterns.

TL;DR: The current status of knowledge is reviewed and approaches taken by UK and USA Government regulatory bodies in order to reduce the likelihood of waterborne transmission of Cryptosporidium are identified.

TL;DR: The evidence showing a role for the genetic constitution of T. cruzi in determining the clinical characteristics of Chagas disease is reviewed, and a ;clonal-histotropic model' for the pathogenesis of this disease is proposed.

TL;DR: edited by D.H. Clayton and J. Moore, Oxford University Press, 1997.

TL;DR: Dickson Despommier presents a hypothesis to account for the formation of the nurse cell-parasite complex of Trichinella spiralis, in which secreted tyvelosylated proteins of the larva play a central role.

TL;DR: The deliberations of a series of meetings, held in Cairo, Egypt, 21-25 May 1997, are summarized with the aim of reviewing the current status of affairs in this respect in order to make recommendations for the future course of schistosomiasis vaccine development.

TL;DR: It is suggested that although genotyping can provide strong evidence for differentiating between true recrudescence and reinfection, it must be interpreted with caution and proposed strategies that might help minimize these uncertainties.

TL;DR: By Jan A. Rozendaal, World Health Organization, 1997.

TL;DR: The development of remote sensing techniques is reviewed, from aerial photographic identification of mosquito larval habitats on the local scale through to the space-based survey of malaria risk over continental areas using increasingly sophisticated airborne and satellite-sensor technology.

TL;DR: The expectation of a commercially feasible vaccine that might also reduce parasite transmission in the field is now realistic, although major hurdles still exist, and the future prospects for vaccine development are discussed.

TL;DR: Sarah Randolph shows that contrasting biological attributes of these two different arthropod classes (ticks and insects) directly affect their performance as vectors, thereby quantifying the spatially and temporally variable risk of infection from these contrasting vector-borne parasite systems.

TL;DR: The old concept that pigs and rats are the main hosts of Trichinella spiralis, as still reported in many books, has been re-evaluated thoroughly and methods of controlling this infection that would result in a great reduction in costs are suggested.

TL;DR: Evidence will be discussed which indicates that the succinate produced by trypanosomatids is formed mainly via an oxidative pathway and not via reduction of fumarate, a process known to occur in parasitic helminths.

TL;DR: It is suggested that peroxidoxins may represent the 'missing link' in the metabolism of reactive oxygen species by some protozoan and helminth parasites.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the hormonal changes of adrenarche may hold the key to understanding the relative resistance to infection found in adults.

TL;DR: Donato Cioli summarizes some of the most recent and interesting laboratory studies on potential antischistosomal compounds, and then reviews recent developments related to the mechanism of action of praziquantel and to the possible emergence of pezantel-resistant schistosomes.

TL;DR: The efficacy of environmental management and the use of molluscicides and biological agents to control snail populations are reviewed and the development of diagnostic tests, based on the detection of parasite antigens or specific parasite DNA sequences in snail tissues, are described.

TL;DR: The microplate IcpLDH assay, and the dipstick OptiMAL® assays, are both being used for the diagnosis and monitoring of malaria infections, as described here by Michael Makler, Rob Piper and Wil Milhous.

TL;DR: Evidence suggesting that antioxidant enzymes provide one such mechanism used by adult schistosomes may represent a target for immune elimination of adult worms is discussed.

TL;DR: From the TDR perspective, global malaria vaccine development is entering a crucial period with unprecedented opportunities.

TL;DR: It is argued that because hosts represent a highly heterogeneous and changing environment as well as a breeding site, favouring the association of host-adaptation and host-choice genes, sympatric speciation may occur frequently in parasitic organisms.

TL;DR: The structure, localization and current understanding of the function of TSP family members in the invasion of target cells by apicomplexan parasites are discussed.

TL;DR: This work examines malaria-related mortality under different circumstances and discusses implications for the management of malaria in these settings and emphasizes the power of rapid case treatment to save lives at risk under virtually all circumstances of malaria transmission.

TL;DR: The author explains why he decided to write the book in the first place, and why he felt it was important to include the history of France and its people in the story.

TL;DR: In this article, Lloyd Kasper and Dominique Buzoni-Gatel review the host-parasite interaction for four important pathogens: Candida albicans and Pneumocystis carinii (usually non-invasive pathogens), Cryptosporidium parvum (invades the cells but remains localized in the gut) and Toxoplasma gondii (penetrates through the gut to cause systemic infection).

TL;DR: A variety of PCR tests have been described recently in the literature and this article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each new technique and their potential for future diagnosis of Cryptosporidium.

TL;DR: How the ability to measure circulating filarial antigen in patient serum has advanced the authors' ability to understand the immunopathogenesis of lymphatic filariasis by improving the precision of patient classification is discussed.

TL;DR: It is argued that microtubule inhibitors are not equally toxic to all proliferating cells but, by virtue of differential tubulin binding, show selective toxicity that might allow their use as antimalarial drugs.