Showing papers in "Phytochemistry in 2013"

TL;DR: This review summarises the chemical and biological properties of menthol and highlights its cooling effects and toxicity.

TL;DR: The genus Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae) comprises of about 170 species of woody trees, shrubs, subshrubs or herbs in the seasonally dry tropics of the Old and the New World used in medicinal folklore to cure various diseases of 80% of the human population in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

TL;DR: The implications of the poorly investigated links and molecular mechanisms that might trigger similar chemical responses in both plants and endophytes are highlighted and can enhance the understanding of evolution of complex defense mechanisms in plants and associated organisms.

TL;DR: Each liverwort biosynthesizes unique components, which are valuable for their chemotaxonomic classification, and typical chemical structures and biological activity of the selected liverworts constituents as well as the total synthesis of some biologically active compounds are summarized.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the anthocyanins from blueberry cultivar could be used as a chemopreventive or adjuvant treatment for metastasis control.

TL;DR: Plant secondary metabolite profiling thereby evidences the specific interaction between an Azospirillum strain and its original host cultivar.

TL;DR: The documented detection of metabolites in the stems of capitate-stalked trichomes indicates a complex biosynthesis and localization over the trichome cells forming the glandular secretion unit.

TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of the molecular genetics of alkaloid biosynthesis in tobacco are summarized, and the potential for applying information accrued from these studies toward efforts designed to help mitigate some of the negative health consequences associated with the use of tobacco products is discussed.

TL;DR: It is indicated that FA signatures could be employed as a valid chemotaxonomic tool to differentiate macroalgae at higher taxonomic levels such as family and orders.

TL;DR: The idea that C. roseus geraniol synthase initiates the monoterpenoid branch of the MIA biosynthetic pathway is supported.

TL;DR: Differential segregation of microalgae with respect to their fatty acid profile indicated the potential utility of FAs as biomarkers.

TL;DR: Results indicate a role for FcMYB1 in regulation of the branching-point of the anthocyanin/PA biosynthesis determining the discolored phenotype of the white Chilean strawberry fruit.

TL;DR: Anti-inflammatory in vitro COX1 enzyme inhibition assays suggest that bioactivity may be predicted by gross metabolic profiling in Urtica, and principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis provides a first structured chemotaxonomy of the genus.

TL;DR: Within the range of N availabilities considered (up to N limitation but not deficiency), the C:N can be considered as a good indicator of the secondary compounds concentrations in organs, especially for those involved in the chemical defence.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that the defensive strategies against A. pisum infestation were stimulated in seedling leaves of P. cv.

TL;DR: Results suggest that flavonoids isolated from A. altilis may be candidate antioxidants and/or skin-whitening agents, however, further investigations are required to determine their mechanisms of action.

TL;DR: It is suggested that xanthohumol has beneficial effects on markers of metabolic syndrome and there was a dose-dependent effect on body weight and plasma glucose levels.

TL;DR: In A. annua, salinity declines ascorbate and GSH contents, however, increased levels of proline and total glutathione (GSH+GSSG), and activities of antioxidant enzymes might provide a certain level of tolerance.

TL;DR: This study provides the first approach utilizing UHPLC-MS based metabolite fingerprinting to reveal secondary metabolite compositional differences in artichoke leaf extracts.

TL;DR: A previously unreported compound named pyrrocidine C was isolated from Lewia infectoria SNB-GTC2402 and identified by spectroscopic analysis and identified as a cis-substituted decahydrofluorene with a quaternary carbon at C-5 and opposite stereochemistry atC-8 corresponding to C-6 of p Pyrrocidines A and B.

TL;DR: Major changes in cell wall composition were observed with modifications in phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) activities in both non- and cold-acclimated experiments.

TL;DR: The findings established molecular details of AChE, BChE and MAO-A inhibition by quaternary β-carboline alkaloids and MIAs from Psychotria, suggesting these secondary metabolites are scaffolds for the development of multifunctional compounds against neurodegeneration.

TL;DR: Ten compounds found to inhibit nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated mouse macrophage RAW264.7 indicated that both compounds exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting MAPKs and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathways.

TL;DR: The synergistic effect of the aminoacyl saponins, previously isolated from G. trichotoma, was tested for its ability to enhance the cytotoxicity of the targeted toxin in HER14 cells.

TL;DR: Four phytotoxic bi- and tri-cyclic sesquiterpene lactones, named inuloxins A-D, were isolated together with the known α-costic acid from the aerial parts of Inula viscosa, a widespread Mediterranean plant well known for its content of pharmacologically active metabolites.

TL;DR: Five SGAs were isolated and their structures were determined by NMR spectroscopic analysis, indicating three of them were presumably synthesized during α-tomatine metabolism, indicating the compositional variety of SGA structures was distinctive in some tomato accessions.

TL;DR: Seven lanostane triterpenoids, ganorbiformins A-G, together with twelve known compounds, were isolated from cultures of the mushroom fungus Ganoderma orbiforme BCC 22324 and exhibited significant antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra (MIC 1.3 μM).

TL;DR: A large scale-analysis of plant GIPCs shed light on an unexpected broad diversity of GIPC distributions within Plantae, and the occurrence of yet-unreported G IPC structures in green and red algae.

TL;DR: It is suggested that UV-B induce grape berries to produce VOCs that protect the tissues fromUV-B itself and other abiotic and biotic stresses, and could affect the wine flavor.

TL;DR: In this article, a gene encoding a ATP-binding cassette (ABC) protein of B-type, Cjabcb2, was isolated from C. japonica and functional analysis showed that CjABCB2 was preferentially expressed in the rhizome, which is the sink organ of berberine.