Showing papers in "Progress in Energy and Combustion Science in 2008"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors extensively review the principles of anaerobic digestion, the process parameters and their interaction, the design methods, the biogas utilisation, the possible problems and potential pro-active cures, and the recent developments to reduce the impact of the problems.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors collected and analyzed the body of work written mainly in scientific journals about diesel engine emissions when using biodiesel fuels as opposed to conventional diesel fuels, focusing on the most concerning emissions: nitric oxides and particulate matter.

TL;DR: In this article, the state of the art in modeling chemical and physical processes of wood and biomass pyrolysis is reported, and the main achievements of numerical simulations are discussed.

TL;DR: A review of the biological and thermochemical methods that could be used to produce bioethanol is made and an analysis of its global production trends is carried out in this paper, where the authors evaluate the utilization of different feedstocks (i.e., sucrose containing, starchy materials, lignocellulosic biomass) is required considering the big share of raw materials in bio-ethanol costs.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the risks associated with CO2 capture and geological storage, and the potential for acute or chronic CO2 leakage from a CO2 storage site is discussed.

TL;DR: The paper outlines an understanding of how AI systems operate by way of presenting a number of problems in photovoltaic systems application, mainly because of their symbolic reasoning, flexibility and explanation capabilities.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used direct numerical simulation (DNS) to predict the flamelet structure and the burning velocity of premixed turbulent combustion and showed that the results were valid even for highly turbulent flames.

TL;DR: In this article, the state of knowledge on flame acceleration and deflagration-to-detonation transition (DDT) in smooth ducts and ducts equipped with turbulence-producing obstacles is reviewed.

TL;DR: A review of gas phase detailed kinetic models developed to simulate the low-temperature oxidation and autoignition of gasoline and diesel fuel components (alkanes, ethers, esters, alkenes, cycloalkane, aromatics, including from four atoms of carbon) is presented in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the operating mechanisms and progress made in enhanced oil recovery through the use of microbes and their metabolic products is presented, and the importance of mathematical models used in predicting the applicability of an MEOR strategy and the microbial growth and transport has been qualitatively discussed.

TL;DR: A review of the state-of-the-art knowledge on grate-fired boilers burning biomass can be found in this article, where the key elements in the firing system and the development, the important combustion mechanism, the recent breakthrough in the technology, the most pressing issues, the current research and development activities, and the critical future problems to be resolved.

TL;DR: A review of the current research status of this topic in terms of agglomeration mechanisms, detection and counteraction strategies can be found in this paper, where a range of detection methods are comprised of fuel ash analysis and analysis methods based on on-line process measurements, such as pressure and temperature.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the literature on lean methane combustion in porous burners is presented, with an emphasis on practical aspects of burner design and operation and the application of the technology to real-world problems.

TL;DR: In this article, a good knowledge of the kinetics of the oxidation of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is required for modeling the formation of nitrogen oxides in combustion via both the prompt-NO and the fuel-NO mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the present knowledge of the different mechanisms involved in the flash-boiling atomization process, including intense nucleation, fast bubbles' growth and liquid atomization.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors make a comprehensive review pertaining to fundamental studies on thermodynamic irreversibility and exergy analysis in the processes of combustion of gaseous, liquid and solid fuels.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the relevant experimental and theoretical results and bring to light the fundamental nature of the discrete combustion wave phenomenon, which has been observed in a variety of processes including combustion synthesis of materials, burning of solid propellants, coals and biomass.

TL;DR: The flame ionization detector (FID) has been a commercial analyzer now for about 50 years as mentioned in this paper and it still finds significant use as a sensitive quantitative monitor of organic compounds in gas chromatography and for monitoring mixtures of hydrocarbons.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the past work carried out to identify the mechanisms causing the interactions between air entraining admixtures and fly ash in concrete mixtures, emphasizing the residual carbon.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of inherent mineral matter in coke behavior in an operating blast furnace has been discussed, with the main emphasis being on the role played by its inherent mineral material in the reaction with gas, metal and slag phases.

TL;DR: In this paper, the strong flame inhibition by metal compounds when added at low volume fraction is found to occur through the gas-phase catalytic cycles leading to a highly effective radical recombination in the reaction zone.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a numerical model of a fluidized bed combustion of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) fed by RDF, where the combustor is divided into two regions: the bed and the freeboard.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effectiveness of long-term retardants used in forest fire fighting has been studied at three different scales: analytical instrumentation, laboratory and field flame spread tests, and the experimental methodologies and the results obtained are reviewed in detail.

TL;DR: In this paper, the application of ribbon burners in the surface modification, or flame treatment, of polymer films to increase the wettability of a polymer surface is discussed, and the model predictions are in good qualitative agreement with the available understanding of the flame variables affecting surface treatment and the expected oxidized species on the polymer surface.

TL;DR: After about a 30-year hiatus of construction in the US but not in all involved countries, the designs for an improved water-cooled nuclear reactor will hopefully be developed by a consortium of nuclear reactor builders and users under an agreement with the US Department of Energy (DOE) and review by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) as discussed by the authors.