Showing papers in "Reproductive Toxicology in 2014"

TL;DR: Prenatal exposure was not associated with adrenarche or puberty, but some phthalates and BPA were associated with increased SHBG levels and decreased total and free testosterone levels.

TL;DR: The present study suggests that anti-TNF-α treatment does not pose a major teratogenic risk in humans, based on relatively small numbers of exposed pregnancies and should be interpreted with caution.

TL;DR: It is suggested that AgNPs do not impair spermatogonial stem cells in vivo since treatment did not result in significant decreases in testis weight and sperm concentrations, however, AgnPs appear to affect Leydig cell function, yielding increasing testicular and serum testosterone levels.

TL;DR: Results indicate both positively and negatively charged iron oxide nanoparticles have the ability to cross the placenta and accumulate in the fetus, though greater bioaccumulation and toxicity was observed with a positively-charged surface coating.

TL;DR: Exposure to a common QAC disinfectant mixture significantly impaired reproductive health in mice, illustrating the importance of assessing mixture toxicity of commonly used products whose components have only been evaluated individually.

TL;DR: The teratogenic risk with ondansetron is low but an increased risk for a cardiac septum defect is likely, and the chances of a major malformation in the offspring are likely.

TL;DR: Risk assessment of environmental stressors should duly consider specific aspects of the pubertal window, including signaling molecules (e.g., kisspeptins, dopamine) as xenobiotic targets and disturbances of specific pubertAL methylation processes potentially involved in neurobehavioral disorders and cancer risk in adulthood.

TL;DR: Findings highlight a continuous distribution of BPA between the mother and its fetus and reveal a role of pregnancy in underestimating the actual levels of blood BPA.

TL;DR: Results suggest that BPA induces apoptosis of Sertoli cells by the activation of JNKs/p38 MPAK and translocation of NF-κB, and Fas/FasL system plays a critical role in the initiation of apoptosis.

TL;DR: In summary, acrylamide affected bodily growth and development, as well as reproductive organs, the number of corpora lutea and progesterone production in female mice, possibly acting through the NOS signaling pathway.

TL;DR: Poor diet quality and multiple nutritional inadequacies coupled with prenatal alcohol exposure may increase the risk for FASD in this population of women.

TL;DR: Investigation of developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity of matrine and sophocarpine on zebrafish embryos/larvae from 0 to 96/120h post fertilization (hpf) indicates a neurotoxic potential of both drugs.

TL;DR: The research reviewed addresses intrinsic factors unique to each individual, naturally occurring endocrine disruptors and chemical endocrine disrupting factors, focusing on factors for which the most scientific evidence exists.

TL;DR: It was showed that BPA reduced rat ovarian weights and follicle numbers, and interferes with the constituent ratio of follicles, suggesting that B PA exposure during the pre-pubertal period may inhibit the development of ovaries, and follicles development-related genes may play certain roles in this process.

TL;DR: The data reveal that DEHP exposure may lead to the disruption of estrogen biosynthesis pathways in female rats and imbalance of hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis, and may impose negative influence on the development and function of the reproductive system in female Rats.

TL;DR: The aim of the study was to characterize placental exchanges of BPA and its main metabolite, Bisphenol A-Glucuronide (BPA-G) using the non-recirculating dual human placental perfusion and found a high placental bidirectional permeability to the lipid soluble BPA strongly suggests a transport by passive diffusion in both materno- to-fetal and feto-to-maternal direction.

TL;DR: Estimation of gene expression profiles of 28 genes playing important roles during the processes occurring in the testicular tissue detected changes in the expression of genes important for proper spermatogenesis, and surprisingly, a stronger effect after exposure to the lower dose of ZEA is observed.

TL;DR: The serum ratio of conjugated to unconjugated dBPA after continuous sc release of dBPA was similar to values reported in human biomonitoring studies and markedly lower than with oral administration, suggesting oral bolus exposure is not an appropriate human exposure model.

TL;DR: Microglia responses in the preterm human brain in association with injury is studied in animal models of preterm brain injury and Mechanisms of microglia toxicity from in vitro primarymicroglia cell culture experiments.

TL;DR: NVP is associated with favorable fetal outcome, and therefore studies of drug exposure in pregnancy should either match their exposed and control cases for existence and severity of NVP, or adjust for these confounders in their multivariate analysis.

TL;DR: The data showed that DEP increased the transactivation of ER in CHO and MCF-7 cells suggesting its interaction with ER, and was able to upregulate pS2 gene expression with simultaneous activation of MAPK pathway as demonstrated by increased p-ERK/ERK ratio.

TL;DR: The data reviewed herein suggest that NNS consumption by pregnant and lactating women should be looked with particular caution and requires further research.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the association between maternal urinary levels of bisphenol A and preterm birth should be evaluated in a larger epidemiological investigation.

TL;DR: Urinary concentration of 3-PBA was not selected as significant in multiple regression models indicating, in contrast to previous findings, that environmental exposure to pyrethroid insecticides did not affect semen quality.

TL;DR: It is suggested that low-level exposure to lead in early gestation could be a risk factor for reduced birth weight in male offspring.

TL;DR: It is shown that inclusion of multiple-endpoints in ZET may increase the sensitivity of the assay, contribute to the elucidation of the mode of toxic action and to a better definition of the applicability domain of ZET.

TL;DR: Investigation of regulatory mechanism(s) of E2 and BPA and zinc finger transcription factor shows that through nuclear ER-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation, not only E2 but also endocrine disruptors with estrogenic activity such as BPA rapidly and transiently induce Egr1 which may be important for embryo implantation and decidualization in mouse uterus.

TL;DR: It is described how reproductive toxicology of the ovary is greatly enhanced by in vitro studies, which allows for faster screening of potential developmental and/or reproductive toxicants.

TL;DR: Evidence of neuroendocrine disruption and interaction with prenatal food availability is provided and alterations in pubertal timing by DES neonatally are not unequivocally toward precocity, the level of exposure being critical.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that both MA and MC treatments could disrupt the blood-testis barrier and cause a clear testicular toxicity.