Showing papers in "Theriogenology in 2019"

TL;DR: Nutrition controls the levels of metabolic hormones (leptin, IGF1, Ghrelin) and metabolic factors (FAs) and both have major roles in reproduction in female beef cattle.

TL;DR: The present article reviews the worldwide application of preserved boar semen from past to present and delineates future challenges and guidelines for the prudent use of antibiotics in semen extenders are proposed.

TL;DR: It is assumed that Q320P mutation was the major SNP affecting goat litter size, and can provide useful DNA markers for selecting superior individuals in marker-assisted selection (MAS) for breeding in relation to fecundity in goats.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the presentation of the sperm quality measures for freshwater and marine species of the fish and provides information regarding recent methods of sperm quality evaluation.

TL;DR: The whole process of sperm handling, from collection until fertilization for fish, penaeid shrimp, bivalve mollusks and marine mammals is summarized, including activation of sperm motility and methods for gamete co-incubation are summarized.

TL;DR: Enrichment of semen extender with Se-NPs at a concentration of 1.0 μg/ml improved post-thaw sperm quality of Holstein bulls, and consequently in vivo fertility rate by reducing apoptosis, lipid peroxidation and sperm damage occurring by cryopreservation.

TL;DR: Differences and similarities in complex regulatory signals controlling spermatozoa motility initiation in fishes are reviewed, and physiological mechanisms that await elucidation are notes.

TL;DR: It is suggested that MARCH1 plays a crucial role in fertility and that the three novel indels in the goatMARCH1 can be used as effective molecular markers for marker-assisted selection of goats for breeding in the future.

TL;DR: Since protein content differed in high- versus low-fertility bulls, it was inferred that the efficiency of associated sperm functions that are necessary for fertility may also differ between high- andLow fertility semen.

TL;DR: When testing further reproductive paradigms, it is suggested a shift from classic spermatozoa activation medium (water only) to more natural spawning media, which encompass OF-spermatozoA interactions.

TL;DR: The results of this study showed that Pb caused histological changes; increased H2O2 content; decreased CAT, TAOC, and SOD activities and GSH content; and increased mRNA and protein levels of the above autophagy-related genes except that mTOR decreased in chicken testes.

TL;DR: The results suggest that a 14-bp deletion in the promoter region of CMTM2 is significantly correlated with litter size in goats; this marker seems promising for breeding selection for improving economically important traits in goats.

TL;DR: Plasma testosterone concentration, which increased significantly at late summer (August), was the potential initiator for resuming the breeding season in rams via triggering spermatogenic activity and maximum testicular volume during this period, and resulting values of testicularVolume and testicular blood flow profiles all year round provide useful reference values for predicting testicular function in r Rams.

TL;DR: A nascent phylogenetic framework is provided for integration with other research lines to further the potential of amphibian sperm banking and where appropriate amphibian infertility banking should be integrated into other global biobanking projects.

TL;DR: The SMARTBOW system is suitable for an automated detection of estrus events of multiparous cows in indoor housed dairy cows and has a sensitivity of 97%.

TL;DR: The procedures, additives, and devices used during pig in vitro fertilization (IVF), focusing on the main points of each step that have offered the best results in terms of increased efficiency of the system, are reviewed.

TL;DR: The results indicate thatmiR-31 and miR-143 decrease steroid hormone synthesis and inhibit bovine GC apoptosis by targeting FSHR.

TL;DR: It is concluded that TGF-β1 may participate in pathological fibrotic changes in equine endometrial tissue by induction of myofibroblast differentiation, increased production of ECM components and fibroblast proliferation.

TL;DR: Recent data on proteins found on the sperm surface that originate from seminal plasma and have subsequently been shown to correlate with fertility are summarised, with a focus on the pig.

TL;DR: The current knowledge about boar SP and the sperm proteome is summarized, focusing mainly on its relevance to sperm preservation procedures (liquid storage or cryopreservation) and their outcomes in terms of sperm function and fertility.

TL;DR: Gut microbiota and their functions vary between sows with high or low stillbirth rate, while still Birth rate and farrowing duration are significantly correlated with the gut microbiota composition and oxidative stress status of sows.

TL;DR: Zinc is the most abundant transition metal in the bovine egg, and zinc flux during egg activation - induced by chemical activation or sperm - is a highly conserved event across mammalian species.

TL;DR: In this article, the beneficial effects of reduced glutathione (GSH) for cryopreservation of rooster semen were investigated, and the results showed that 2 and 4mM GSH supplements significantly improved the fertility and fertility.

TL;DR: Preliminary results showed that SPEF2 was widely expressed and presented dynamic changes in goat testis at different developmental stages, and the remarkable influence of indel L-8 on traits might be caused by the change in AR (androgen receptor) binding site.

TL;DR: The results revealed that the indel polymorphism and expression of SOX9 were significantly associated with pig reproduction traits indicating the critical roles ofSOX9 gene in testes development, and provides a new clue for understanding the regulation of animal reproductive activities.

TL;DR: Preliminary results confirm the interest to use proAKAP4 concentrations as a promising marker of stallion sperm quality as close correlation was observed between the proAK AP4 concentration and sperm motility parameters.

TL;DR: Results highlight the large genetic variability in a range of semen quality traits, many of which are actually highly heritable, and therefore useful predictors of actual phenotypic measures.

TL;DR: An appropriate training program is important to maximize the benefits and minimize the side effects of physical exercises on the male reproductive system, because a simultaneous increase in the oxidative stress could contribute to exercise-induced inhibition of male reproductive functions.

TL;DR: The development of primordial germ cells in fish embryos is considered, particularly the molecular biological approaches used for the visualization of germ cells and sterilization of host embryos and future perspectives for aquaculture are suggested.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the opportunities and challenges associated with the application of cryopreserved sperm, which may improve the breeding of salmonid fishes, and show knowledge gaps that should be considered in further studies, including development of methods to obtain sufficient amounts of sperm from numerous species of salmonids, scaling up the methods towards Cryopreservation of high volumes of sperm and towards thawing high number of straws, and optimizing artificial fertilization in which oocytes are fertilized with high numbers of frozen/thawed sperm.