Showing papers in "Veterinary Microbiology in 2015"

TL;DR: What is currently known about theeste des petits ruminants virus, with reference to its origin, updated global circulation, molecular evolution, diagnostic tools and vaccines currently available to combat the disease, is overviewed.

TL;DR: The literature on culture independent studies of the pig gut microbiota is summarized with an emphasis on its succession and alterations caused by diverse factors.

TL;DR: This review challenges how to contain an infection of C. burnetii in small ruminants, bearing in mind possible consequences for the human population and probable interference of veterinary strategies, human risk perception and political considerations.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented that Fur and RyhB are the major regulators of this adaptation, as they are involved in diverse functions ranging from iron homeostasis to regulation of virulence by mediating key pathogen responses such as invasion of eukaryotic cells, toxin production, motility, quorum sensing, stress resistance or biofilm formation.

TL;DR: This paper reviews the recently published literature, including publications that highlight the significance and virulence factors of the causal agents, especially Staphylococcus aureus and Mannheimia haemolytica, the primary causes of mastitis.

TL;DR: There are many variables influencing the expected cost and benefits of control programs that must be evaluated, in order to put into practice measures that might lead to control of small ruminant lentiviruses.

TL;DR: The advances and current understanding of the entry of PRRSV to cells are described with a particular focus on the role of CD163 and sialoadhesin for infection andPRRSV pathogenesis.

TL;DR: Biologic mediators that promote crypt stem cell regeneration would be targets to improve the intestinal epithelium renewal during PEDV infection.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that sheep and goat are susceptible to FLUDV virus and multiple states in U.S. have this virus infection already in these two species, highlighting a need for future surveillance of FLudV virus in small ruminants.

TL;DR: A review of literature presents all latest information regarding Orf virus, a pathogen with worldwide distribution, causing significant financial losses in livestock production.

TL;DR: The Bartha-K61 vaccination provided complete protection against challenge with classical virulent PRV, but only partial protection with the JS-2012 strain in piglets, which may have partly contributed to the PR outbreak in China.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge regarding the virulence of M. bovis and additionally, factors contributing to the dissemination and persistence of this pathogen in the bovine host will be discussed.

TL;DR: It is indicated that durable lactogenic immunity was present in sows previously exposed to a mild strain of PEDv and this immunity induced cross-protection to representative virulent P EDv.

TL;DR: Contaminated slurry presented the major emission source for ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli in the pig fattening farms, but a spread via the airborne route or via different vectors also seems possible.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the bovine nasopharyngeal microbiota is relatively unstable during the first 60 days in the feedlot, and the community structure of the BRD-affected and healthy cattle were significantly different from each other at both sampling times as measured using unweighted UniFrac distances.

TL;DR: The in vivo experiment comparing the pathogenicity and clinical presentations among currently isolated viruses indicated that pigs infected with recombinant lineage 3 virus (GM2) showed persistent higher fever compared to pigs infected by its wild counterpart (QYYZ).

TL;DR: Re-acquisition of the IEC by LA-MRSA CC398 suggests readaptation to the human host, and discrimination from the ancestral human subpopulation is important in epidemiological surveillance.

TL;DR: The results of the present study led us to form the following hypothesis: the PCV2 strains found in feral pigs may be the last descent of the strains that circulated among European pigs in the past, or they may have infected these feral pigs more recently through a bridge species.

TL;DR: Vaccination is increasingly recognized as providing a robust strategy for managing paratuberculosis, having made important contributions to the health of Australian sheep and the lives of producers with affected properties, and offering a mechanism to reduce risk of infection entering the food chain in ovine and caprine products.

TL;DR: It is postulated that collagen adhesion may play a role in the pathogenesis of necrotic enteritis.

TL;DR: The persistence of MRSA clones characterized by broader host range, in epidemiologically unrelated areas and in dairy herds with low prevalence of S. aureus intra-mammary infections (IMI) might enhance the risk for adaptation to human species.

TL;DR: Results are consistent with feline sarcoids being caused by a BPV type and it is proposed that the BPV-14 E5 protein could cause mesenchymal proliferation by binding to the platelet derived growth factor beta receptor.

TL;DR: The effect of lymphopenia on disease outcome was reconfirmed and FIPV genomic RNA was found to be highly macrophage associated within diseased tissues and effusions as determined by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry but was not present in blood.

TL;DR: The feline oral microbiome curated taxonomy and 16S rRNA gene reference set will allow investigators to refer to precisely defined bacterial taxa and future next-generation-sequencing studies of f kitten oral bacteria will be able to map reads to taxonomically curated full-length 16S sRNA gene sequences.

TL;DR: This first genetic characterisation of Anaplasmataceae from naturally infected, asymptomatic dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia confirms the presence of two novel lineages that are phylogenetically linked to two pathogenic canid species of increasing zoonotic concern.

TL;DR: This is the first study to demonstrate the temporal dynamics of the canine oral microbiota; it showed that periodontitis results from a microbial succession predominantly characterised by a reduction of previously abundant, health associated taxa.

TL;DR: The clinical signs in animals and humans of the main sheep and goat zoonoses, as well as the transmission route and the control measures are reported, and factors that contribute to the choice of the control strategies are described.

TL;DR: The most common animal models used to study Clostridium perfringens infections in humans and animals are reviewed here and molecular Koch's postulates have been fulfilled for enterotoxigenic C. perfringen type A necrotic enteritis and gas gangrene in chickens and mice.

TL;DR: The structural destruction and disorganization of TJ and AJ were extensive in PEDV-infected pigs at PIDs 1–3, but then appeared to reversal at PID 5, as evident by increased numbers of ZO-1-positive epithelial cells and markedly improved appearance of E-Cadherin-positive villous epithelium.

TL;DR: Data indicate that NT1, NT2, and NT3 are highly pathogenic PRRSVs and they are likely to be revertants of the vaccine strain JXA1-P80.