A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder: The GAD-7
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this article, a 7-item anxiety scale (GAD-7) had good reliability, as well as criterion, construct, factorial, and procedural validity, and increasing scores on the scale were strongly associated with multiple domains of functional impairment.Abstract:
Background Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is one of the most common mental disorders; however, there is no brief clinical measure for assessing GAD. The objective of this study was to develop a brief self-report scale to identify probable cases of GAD and evaluate its reliability and validity. Methods A criterion-standard study was performed in 15 primary care clinics in the United States from November 2004 through June 2005. Of a total of 2740 adult patients completing a study questionnaire, 965 patients had a telephone interview with a mental health professional within 1 week. For criterion and construct validity, GAD self-report scale diagnoses were compared with independent diagnoses made by mental health professionals; functional status measures; disability days; and health care use. Results A 7-item anxiety scale (GAD-7) had good reliability, as well as criterion, construct, factorial, and procedural validity. A cut point was identified that optimized sensitivity (89%) and specificity (82%). Increasing scores on the scale were strongly associated with multiple domains of functional impairment (all 6 Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form General Health Survey scales and disability days). Although GAD and depression symptoms frequently co-occurred, factor analysis confirmed them as distinct dimensions. Moreover, GAD and depression symptoms had differing but independent effects on functional impairment and disability. There was good agreement between self-report and interviewer-administered versions of the scale. Conclusion The GAD-7 is a valid and efficient tool for screening for GAD and assessing its severity in clinical practice and research.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Adoption of Mobile Apps for Depression and Anxiety: Cross-Sectional Survey Study on Patient Interest and Barriers to Engagement
Jessica M. Lipschitz,Jessica M. Lipschitz,Christopher J. Miller,Christopher J. Miller,Timothy P. Hogan,Timothy P. Hogan,Katherine E. Burdick,Katherine E. Burdick,Rachel Lippin-Foster,Steven R. Simon,Steven R. Simon,Steven R. Simon,James F. Burgess +12 more
TL;DR: Key factors that may improve adoption of mobile health interventions for mental illness include provider endorsement, greater publicity of efficacious apps, and clear messaging about efficacy and privacy of information.
Journal ArticleDOI
Total somatic symptom score as a predictor of health outcome in somatic symptom disorders
Barbara Tomenson,Cecilia A. Essau,Frank Jacobi,Karl-Heinz Ladwig,Kari Ann Leiknes,Roselind Lieb,Gunther Meinlschmidt,John McBeth,Judith G. M. Rosmalen,Winfried Rief,Athula Sumathipala,Francis Creed +11 more
TL;DR: Total somatic symptom score provides a predictor of health status and healthcare use over and above the effects of anxiety, depression and general medical illnesses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Symptoms, Syndromes, and the Value of Psychiatric Diagnostics in Patients Who Have Functional Somatic Disorders
TL;DR: An overview of unexplained symptoms and somatization, limitations of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition in classifying somatoform disorders, and predictors of psychiatric comorbidity in patients who have physical symptoms are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of experiential avoidance, rumination and mindfulness in eating disorders.
TL;DR: The results suggest that rumination (both brooding and reflection) on eating, weight and shape concerns may be a process which exacerbates eating disorder symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
A dimensional approach to measuring anxiety for DSM‐5
Richard T. LeBeau,Daniel E. Glenn,Lauren N. Hanover,Katja Beesdo-Baum,Hans-Ulrich Wittchen,Michelle G. Craske +5 more
TL;DR: Although further evaluation and refinement of the scales (particularly the specific phobia and agoraphobia scales) is needed, the results provide preliminary support for the use of these scales in DSM‐5 and thus take an important step toward the integration of standardized dimensional measurement into the diagnosis of anxiety disorders.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The MOS 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). I. Conceptual framework and item selection.
John E. Ware,Cathy D. Sherbourne +1 more
TL;DR: A 36-item short-form survey designed for use in clinical practice and research, health policy evaluations, and general population surveys to survey health status in the Medical Outcomes Study is constructed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The PHQ-9: validity of a brief depression severity measure.
TL;DR: In addition to making criteria-based diagnoses of depressive disorders, the PHQ-9 is also a reliable and valid measure of depression severity, which makes it a useful clinical and research tool.
Journal ArticleDOI
An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: psychometric properties.
TL;DR: Un nouvel inventaire auto-administre destine a mesurer l'anxiete pathologique, le «Beck Anxiety Cheklist» (BAI) est decrit, evalue et compare au «Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale» (test avec lequel des correlations moderees sont trouvees).
Journal ArticleDOI
The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale: An updated literature review
TL;DR: HADS was found to perform well in assessing the symptom severity and caseness of anxiety disorders and depression in both somatic, psychiatric and primary care patients and in the general population.