Journal ArticleDOI
A review of the primary measures for tar elimination in biomass gasification processes
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In this paper, a review of the research and development in this area are reviewed and cited in the present paper, and the concepts of two-stage gasification and secondary air injection in the gasifier are of prime importance.Abstract:
Tar formation is one of the major problems to deal with during biomass gasification. Tar condenses at reduced temperature, thus blocking and fouling process equipments such as engines and turbines. Considerable efforts have been directed on tar removal from fuel gas. Tar removal technologies can broadly be divided into two approaches; hot gas cleaning after the gasifier (secondary methods), and treatments inside the gasifier (primary methods). Although secondary methods are proven to be effective, treatments inside the gasifier are gaining much attention as these may eliminate the need for downstream cleanup. In primary treatment, the gasifier is optimized to produce a fuel gas with minimum tar concentration. The different approaches of primary treatment are (a) proper selection of operating parameters, (b) use of bed additive/catalyst, and (c) gasifier modifications. The operating parameters such as temperature, gasifying agent, equivalence ratio, residence time, etc. play an important role in formation and decomposition of tar. There is a potential of using some active bed additives such as dolomite, olivine, char, etc. inside the gasifier. Ni-based catalyst are reported to be very effective not only for tar reduction, but also for decreasing the amount of nitrogenous compounds such as ammonia. Also, reactor modification can improve the quality of the product gas. The concepts of two-stage gasification and secondary air injection in the gasifier are of prime importance. Some aspects of primary methods and the research and development in this area are reviewed and cited in the present paper.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced Conversion of Cellulosic Process Residue into Middle Caloric Fuel Gas with Ca Impregnation in Fuel Drying
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used coffee grounds containing 65 wt % water as a model high water content process residue, and found that with fuel drying calcium hydrate (or oxide) can be well-impregnated onto fuel to remarkably increase the gasification reactivity of the fuel and suppress tar evolution with producer gas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Simulation of biomass char gasification in a downdraft reactor for syngas production
Augustina Ephraim,Victor Pozzobon,Olivier Louisnard,Doan Pham Minh,Ange Nzihou,Patrick Sharrock +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a steady state, one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of wood char gasification in a downdraft reactor is presented, which is not only based on reaction kinetics and fluid flow in the porous char bed but also on equations of heat and mass conservation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical Looping Combustion and Gasification: A Review and a Focus on European Research Projects
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors provide an introductory tool about CLC and CLG and their possible role as negative emission technologies (NET) if fed with biomasses to obtain BECCS.
Book ChapterDOI
Fuel flexible gas production: Biomass, coal and bio-solid wastes
TL;DR: In this article, the characteristics of woody biomass, bio-solid wastes and coal are reviewed, and effects of blending ratio and operation conditions on gaseous fuel composition and yield are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
In Situ Catalytic Pyrolysis of Low-Rank Coal for the Conversion of Heavy Oils into Light Oils
Muhammad Amin,Yi Li,Xingmei Lu +2 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the in situ upgrading technique through a MoS2 catalyst has been explored in coal pyrolysis tar and the results showed that the catalyst increased the liquid yield from 18 to 33 (wt.%, db) and decreased gas yield from 27 to 12 (wt., db) compared to coal without catalyst.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Review of literature on catalysts for biomass gasification
TL;DR: In this article, an extensive literature review of the three main groups of catalysts, which have been evaluated for the elimination of these hydrocarbons, are dolomite, alkali metals and nickel.
Journal ArticleDOI
The technical and economic feasibility of biomass gasification for power generation
TL;DR: In this paper, the costs and technologies involved in an integrated system for the production of electricity from biomass in general and wood in particular are reviewed, and the main conclusions are that wood handling, storage, drying, comminution and screening are well established and present no uncertainties in operation and performance.
Book
World energy assessment : energy and the challenge of sustainability
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the linkage between energy and economic, social, environmental, and security issues, and analyzes the contradictions between current patterns of use and objectives in these areas.
Journal ArticleDOI
Steam-gasification of biomass in a fluidised-bed of olivine particles.
TL;DR: In this paper, the catalytic behavior of olivine, a common, naturally occurring mineral containing magnesium, iron oxides and silica, was investigated in a laboratory scale, biomass gasification unit.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomass gasification with air in an atmospheric bubbling fluidized bed. Effect of six operational variables on the quality of the produced raw gas
TL;DR: In this paper, the equivalence ratio (from 0.20 to 0.45), temperatures of the gasifier bed (750−850 °C) and of its freeboard (500−600 °C), H/C ratio in the feed, use of secondary air (10% of the overall) in the freeboard, and addition (2−5 wt %) of a calcined dolomite mixed with the biomass used as the feedstock.