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Journal ArticleDOI

A review of the primary measures for tar elimination in biomass gasification processes

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TLDR
In this paper, a review of the research and development in this area are reviewed and cited in the present paper, and the concepts of two-stage gasification and secondary air injection in the gasifier are of prime importance.
Abstract
Tar formation is one of the major problems to deal with during biomass gasification. Tar condenses at reduced temperature, thus blocking and fouling process equipments such as engines and turbines. Considerable efforts have been directed on tar removal from fuel gas. Tar removal technologies can broadly be divided into two approaches; hot gas cleaning after the gasifier (secondary methods), and treatments inside the gasifier (primary methods). Although secondary methods are proven to be effective, treatments inside the gasifier are gaining much attention as these may eliminate the need for downstream cleanup. In primary treatment, the gasifier is optimized to produce a fuel gas with minimum tar concentration. The different approaches of primary treatment are (a) proper selection of operating parameters, (b) use of bed additive/catalyst, and (c) gasifier modifications. The operating parameters such as temperature, gasifying agent, equivalence ratio, residence time, etc. play an important role in formation and decomposition of tar. There is a potential of using some active bed additives such as dolomite, olivine, char, etc. inside the gasifier. Ni-based catalyst are reported to be very effective not only for tar reduction, but also for decreasing the amount of nitrogenous compounds such as ammonia. Also, reactor modification can improve the quality of the product gas. The concepts of two-stage gasification and secondary air injection in the gasifier are of prime importance. Some aspects of primary methods and the research and development in this area are reviewed and cited in the present paper.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Effect of Catalysis on Tar Elimination and Gas Production from Fluidized Bed Gasification of Biomass

TL;DR: Agarwal et al. as mentioned in this paper proposed a method to improve the quality of the data collected by the data collection system by using the data gathered from the data acquisition system of the Internet.
Journal ArticleDOI

Future trend of terminal energy conservation in steelmaking plant: Integration of molten slag heat recovery-combustible gas preparation from waste plastics and CO2 emission reduction

Balázs Vásárhelyi
- 01 Jan 2022 - 
TL;DR: In this paper , the technologies' limitations and their priorities of prevailing heat recovery processes including physical or chemical methods through evaluating the key parameters such as heat recovery rate and granulation performance were discussed.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Wastewater Sewage Sludge:The Thermal Treatment Solution

TL;DR: In this article, both from a technological and from an environmental point of view, the thermal solutions (firstly the direct combustion in incineration plant, but also gasification) for the sludge deriving from the main Italian wastewater plant (plant of the metropolitan area of Torino) were examined.
Book ChapterDOI

Chapter 14 Catalytic cracking to liquids (BTL) fuels with novel cracking catalysts

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the development of a new catalytic cracking process (together with novel catalysts and optimum experimental conditions) for the upgrading of wax feeds derived from a biomass to liquid (BTL) process, to produce high-quality biofuels.
Journal ArticleDOI

Developing an adsorption-based gas cleaning system for a dual fluidized bed gasification process

TL;DR: In this paper, a temperature swing adsorption process was designed and tested under laboratory conditions, showing the possibility of replacing conventional wet gas cleaning with a semi-dry gas cleaning approach.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Review of literature on catalysts for biomass gasification

TL;DR: In this article, an extensive literature review of the three main groups of catalysts, which have been evaluated for the elimination of these hydrocarbons, are dolomite, alkali metals and nickel.
Journal ArticleDOI

The technical and economic feasibility of biomass gasification for power generation

TL;DR: In this paper, the costs and technologies involved in an integrated system for the production of electricity from biomass in general and wood in particular are reviewed, and the main conclusions are that wood handling, storage, drying, comminution and screening are well established and present no uncertainties in operation and performance.
Book

World energy assessment : energy and the challenge of sustainability

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the linkage between energy and economic, social, environmental, and security issues, and analyzes the contradictions between current patterns of use and objectives in these areas.
Journal ArticleDOI

Steam-gasification of biomass in a fluidised-bed of olivine particles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the catalytic behavior of olivine, a common, naturally occurring mineral containing magnesium, iron oxides and silica, was investigated in a laboratory scale, biomass gasification unit.
Journal ArticleDOI

Biomass gasification with air in an atmospheric bubbling fluidized bed. Effect of six operational variables on the quality of the produced raw gas

TL;DR: In this paper, the equivalence ratio (from 0.20 to 0.45), temperatures of the gasifier bed (750−850 °C) and of its freeboard (500−600 °C), H/C ratio in the feed, use of secondary air (10% of the overall) in the freeboard, and addition (2−5 wt %) of a calcined dolomite mixed with the biomass used as the feedstock.
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